Plate Tectonics Test Review

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Plate Tectonics Test Review
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Label the different layers of the earth and
explain the importance of each layer

• Crust Solid, made of basalt or granite
• Mantle
• Lithosphere Solid. Plates
• Asthenosphere Liquid, convection currents
• Outer Core Molten material
• Inner Core Solid nickel and iron

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What is the difference between Basalt and
Granite?
Granite
Basalt
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What is the difference between the Lithosphere
and the Asthenosphere?

• Both are in the mantle, but.

1. Lithosphere Solid and are where the plates
are 2. Asthenosphere More Liquid and where
convection currents happen
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What is the difference between the outer core and
the inner core?

• Outer Core Molten material
• Inner Core Solid nickel and iron

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How does temperature and pressure relate to the
layers of the earth?

• As you go deeper into the earth, the pressure and
  the temperature both increase

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What are Convection Currents? Where are they
located in the layers of the earth? What do they
cause?

• Convention currents in the mantle, cause the
  lithosphere (bottom of the crust) to move
• This causes the crust of the earth to move around

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What is Pangaea?

• Wegeners hypothesis all continents had once
  been joined together in a single land mass and
  have since drifted apart

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What is the evidence for Pangaea?

• Fossil Evidence of plants and animals
• Glacier evidence
• Coal Deposits/Mountain evidence
• Puzzle Fit of continents

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Who came up with Pangaea?

• Wegener

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How does Pangaea relate to Continental Drift?

• Continental Drift Wegeners idea that the
  continents slowly moved over Earths surfaces
  causing Pangaea to break apart

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Why did people not believe Wegners theory of
Pangaea and Continental Drift?

• Because Wegner could not identify the cause of
  continental drift or why the continents broke
  apart

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What is the Mid-Ocean Ridge?

• Mid Ocean Ridge longest chain of mountains in
  the world under the oceans.

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What is Sea Floor Spreading? What is the evidence
that it is occurring?

• Sea Floor Spreading the process by which molten
  material adds new oceanic crust to the seafloor

• Evidence
• molten material
• magnetic stripes
• drilling samples

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How do subduction and trenches relate to one
another?

• Subduction causes a trench to form

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Who came up with Sea Floor Spreading?

• Harry Hess

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Label
Mid-Ocean Ridge
Volcano
Trench
Subduction
Magma
Magnetic Strips
Sea floor spreading
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Label
Oldest Crust
Newest Crust
Lithosphere
Basalt
Asthenosphere
Granite
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Draw
New crust forms here
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What are Plates?

• The lithosphere is broken into separate sections
  called plates

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What are faults?

• Faults breaks in the earths crust
• Faults are formed along plate boundaries

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The Theory of Plate Tectonics
Transform Boundary Transform Boundary
Motion Sliding past one another
Effect Earthquakes
Topography None created
Volcanic Activity None
Picture
Draw this!
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The Theory of Plate Tectonics
Divergent Boundary Divergent Boundary
Motion Spreading
Effect Oceanic Lithosphere created
Topography Ridge or Rift valley (Mid ocean ridge)
Volcanic Activity Yes lava pours out the cracks in the ocean floor
Picture
Draw this!
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The Theory of Plate Tectonics
Convergent Boundary Convergent Boundary
Motion Subduction
Effect Oceanic Lithosphere destroyed
Topography Trench
Volcanic Activity Yes as the plate submerges, it melts and can can rise back up to the surface as lava
Picture
Draw this!
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How does density of plates relate to plate
tectonics and subduction?

• The plate that is more dense will go under
  (subduct) the other plate.

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What is a Hot Spot?

• Area where magma rises upwards and erupts in the
  middle of a plate

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Oldest Island
Youngest Island
Plate moving this way
Hot Spot
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Use the map to explain the relationship between
volcanoes/earthquakes and plate boundaries.

• Earthquakes and volcanoes occur on plate
  boundaries