Bell Work: 4/15/14

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Bell Work 4/15/14

• TCAP PRACTICE TEST A
• Complete questions 22-28 on Bellwork sheet!
• You have 8 minutes.
• We will review with Plickers
• Please do NOT write in TCAP booklet!

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Chp. 13-18 Objectives Covered

• SPI 0707.7.1 Use a table of physical properties
  to classify minerals.
• SPI 0707.7.2 Label a diagram that depicts the
  three different rock types.
• SPI 0707.7.3 Identify the major processes that
  drive the rock cycle.
• SPI 0707.7.4 Differentiate among the
  characteristics of the earths three layers.
• SPI 0707.7.5 Recognize that lithospheric plates
  on the scale of continents and oceans continually
  move at rates of centimeters per year.
• SPI 0707.7.6 Describe the relationship between
  plate movements and earthquakes, mountain
  building, volcanoes, and sea floor spreading.
• SPI 0707.7.7 Analyze and evaluate the impact of
  mans use of earths land, water, and atmospheric
  resources.

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Mineral Identification

• Color
• Not the best way to identify a mineral because
  the same mineral can come in a variety of colors
  or different minerals can also be the same color
• Luster
• the way a surface reflects light (metallic,
  pearly, waxy, etc.)
• Streak
• the color of the powder that a mineral leaves
  behind
• Cleavage/Fracture
• The different ways a mineral can break
  (smooth/flat or rough/jagged)
• Hardness
• a minerals resistance to being scratched (Mohs
  Hardness Scale 1 (soft Talc)-10 (hardest
  Diamond)
• Density
• the ratio of the mass of a substance to the
  volume of the substance the measure of how much
  matter (mass) is in a given amount of space
  (volume)
• Special Properties
• Special characteristics of a mineral
  (fluorescence, odor, magnetism)

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3 Types of Rocks
Igneous Rocks Sedimentary Rocks Metamorphic Rocks
How Forms when magma (hot, liquid rock) cools and hardens Where on the Earths surface (extrusive) or beneath the Earths surface (intrusive) Example Obsidian How when rocks are broken down into sediments and those pieces of sediment form layers that are compacted and cemented together Where on the Earths surface from weathering, erosion, deposition Example Sandstone How rocks in which the structure, texture, or composition of the rock have changed because of heat and pressure Where deep within the Earth (below the surface) Example Marble
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Processes of the Rock Cycle

• Melting
• Under extreme heat, rocks can melt into magma
• Cooling and Hardening
• Magma will cool and harden into igneous rocks
• Weathering, Erosion, Deposition
• Weathering breaks down the rocks
• Erosion carries the sediments away
• Deposition drops the sediments (like its hot!)
• Compaction and Cementation
• Sediments create layers and over time these
  layers are compacted and cemented together
• Heat and Pressure
• Under extreme heat and pressure rocks can change
  form (metamorphism)

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Layers of the Earth

• Crust
• outermost layer of Earth thinnest layer (1 of
  Earth's mass) two types of crust continental
  and oceanic crust
• Mantle
• thickest layer of Earth between the crust and
  core (67 of Earth's mass) solid rock that flows
  (silly putty rock- convection currents)
• Outer Core
• liquid iron and nickel
• Inner Core
• Solid iron and nickel

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Plate Tectonics

• Tectonic Plates
• parts of the lithosphere that move around on top
  of the asthenosphere (middle mantle)
• Types of boundaries
• Transform- plates slide past each other causing
  earthquakes
• Divergent- plates move apart causing sea-floor
  spreading and volcanoes
• Convergent- plates collide causing mountains and
  volcanoes
• Pangaea
• Alfred Wegener believed that the continents were
  one single landmass called Pangaea, they
  separated, and drifted apart to how they are
  today (continental drift)

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Earths Resources

• Renewable Resources

• Nonrenewable Resources

• Resources that can be renewed or used again in
  our life time (fresh water, solar power, trees,
  etc.)

• Resources that cannot be renewed or used again in
  our life time once it is used, it is gone and
  will take hundreds, upon thousands of years to
  renew (fossil fuels, like coal, oil, and natural
  gas)

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HOMEWORK

• Practice Book pg. 41-52 due TOMORROW!

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Journey to Planet Earth
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Review Quiz

• 1. Which substances are harder than apatite, but
  softer than corundum?
• A fluorite and feldsparB topaz and
  feldsparC diamond and quartzD talc and gypsum

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Review Quiz

• 2. A student records the following properties of
  an unknown mineral Color - black streak - red
  hardness - 2.5 density - 5.25 g/cm3.
• What is the identity of the mineral?
• A linarite B chalcanthiteC walpurgiteD miargyri
  te

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Review Quiz

• 3. Which type of rock is being formed in the
  diagram below?
• A sedimentary
• B metamorphic
• C igneous
• D composite
• 4. Igneous rocks are made from
• A molten rock that has cooled.
• B pieces of other rocks that have collected and
  cemented together.
• C mountains that have weathered away.
• D heat and pressure that has forced rock layers
  together.

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Review Quiz

• 5. Which numberrepresents a change due to
  great heat pressure?
• A 1
• B 2
• C 3
• D 4

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Review Quiz

• 6. Which of Earths layers is composed of solid
  metal?
• A crust
• B mantle
• C outer core
• D inner core
• 7. Which statement most accurately describes
  plate movements?
• A Continental and oceanic plates move very slowly
  over partly melted rock.
• B Oceanic plates move over partly melted rock.
• C Continental and oceanic plates move very
  quickly over partly melted rock.
• D Continental plates move over partly melted
  rock.

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Review Quiz

• 8. Which geological feature was most likely
  formed when two lithospheric plates collided?
• A Lake Michigan
• B Grand Canyon
• C Mississippi River delta
• D Sierra Madre mountain range
• 9. Volcanic eruptions are most likely to occur
• A in river valleys.
• B near the boundary between two lithospheric
  plates.
• C far from areas that have earthquakes.
• D in the middle of a lithospheric plate.

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Review Quiz

• 10. Which of these is most likely to play a role
  in global warming?
• A increased use of recycled productsB increased
  use of renewable sources of energyC increased
  use of fossil fuelsD increased use of pesticides