ASAS STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI

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ASAS STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI

• PPL
• Universiti Putra Malaysia

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CONTENTS

• UNITS
• I Introduction to Comm in Organ
• II Basic Comm Skills
• III ITP Comm Strategies
• IV Group Comm Strategies
• V Public Presentation Strategies

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Unit II
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DETAILS OF UNIT II

• Basic Comm Skills
• Ch4 Listening Skills
• Ch5 Verbal Nonverbal Skills
• Ch6 Leadership Management Skills

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BASIC COMM SKILLS Chapter 4

• Ch4 Listening Skills
• Hearing vs Listening
• Seeing vs Observing

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Problems withIneffective Listening

• Perceived as less intelligent
• Poor listening is costly
• Limiting chances for success
• Poor listening kills
• Poor listening belongs to paupers

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Factors influencing perception

• TWO important factors in perception
• Reception quality ability
• Attention selectivity conscience

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Assessing Our Perceptions

• Practicing SYMPATHY EMPATHY
• SYMPATHY
• Identification with others feelings
• Needs understanding demonstration motivation
• EMPATHY
• The act of sharing the feelings (and the burden)
  of another person
• Needs understanding demonstration motivation
• BOTH NEEDS EFFECTIVE LISTENING SKILLS

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Listening Styles

• Appreciative enjoyment purposes
• Empathic therapeutic purposes
• Discriminative evaluation purposes
• Analytical info-exchanging purposes
• Passive intrapersonal purposes
• Negative defensive purposes
• High tendency to overlap!

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Effective Interactive Listening

• Refer to page 125
• Talk less lend your ears
• Ask questions appropriately
• Practice nonverbal behavior
• Avoid the display of boredom
• Dismantle the 3Ds
• distraction, disorientation, defensiveness

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BASIC COMM SKILLS Chapter 5

• Ch 5 Verbal Nonverbal Skills
• The skills that enable someone to read others
  like a book (almost!) from the displayed
  nonverbal signs.

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Verbal Nonverbal

• Verbal
• All messages composed of words
• (either spoken or written)
• Nonverbal
• Any other form of messages
• (other than spoken or written words)

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Nonverbal indicatorsof power and status

• REFER TO PAGE 138
• Relaxed posture
• Seating positions
• Space accessibility
• Dark conservative suit
• Flexible time schedules
• Expensive office furniture
• Privacy of his/her own definition
• Touch others more / touched less by others

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Environmental factors in comm

• Personal space
• Territorialities
• Personal bubbles

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Environmental factors in comm

• Personal space
• Intimate zone (less than 8 inches)
• Personal zone (8 inches 4 feet)
• Social zone (4 feet 12 feet)
• Public zone (12 feet and beyond)

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Environmental factors in comm

• Territorialities
• A pattern of behavioral actions
• Mostly associated with use, maintenance, defense
  of physical space (indicating ownership)
• Territorial behavior were due to
• The sense of insecurity
• Habitual conduct (routine)
• Psychological illness / defects

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Environmental factors in comm

• Personal bubbles
• The zone that we create and share with others.
• Its size depends on CULTURAL VALUES.
• Americans
• 2 inches 15 inches
• Communicators 24 inches 30 inches
• Asians (particularly Japanese)
• Larger space
• Latinos Middle Easterners
• Much, much smaller

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Comm competenceVerbal Nonverbal communication

• Perfect timing Set the pace of the message
• Using language effectively
• (1.) Avoid jargon personal lang. of a
  specific grp (2.) Never use euphemism
  sindiran!
• (3.) Avoid tag questions dont you think?
• Avoiding racist sexist language chairperson
  (instead of chairman)
• Interpreting nonverbal cues accurately
• Paralanguage (pitch, volume, etc.)
• Facial expression, gestures body movement

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BASIC COMM SKILLS Chapter 6

• Ch 6 Leadership and Managemnt Skills
• Leaders influence the mind and behavior of
  people.

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KATEGORI PEMIMPIN

• Dipilih
• Dilantik
• Keturunan
• Berpandukan adat resam
• Bidan terjun
• Pra-syarat Having the ability to influence the
  mind and behavior of people.

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Among other opinions

• Leaders must be forward thinkers and doers
• Leaders must be measured by their performance
  not goals.
• Leaders must be accountable and responsible at
  all times Umar, China Press, even Nixon)

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Kriteria lazim pemimpin

• Miliki persepsi menjangkaui pengikutnya
• Punyai aksesabiliti ruang ruang peribadi
• Menguasai / mentadbir satu2 territory
• Berpenampilan dan berketrampilan
• Berkemahiran komunikasi menjadi penentu kpd
  pengaruhnya.
• Tidak bersandarkan saiz kekuatan (militari,
  enigma, kekayaan, dll.)

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Kriteria lazim pemimpin yang baik

• Egoist
• Altruistic
• Profound self-actualizer Profound self-esteem
• High-taste
• Never fully-satisfied with achievements
• Never fail to amaze followers with ideas,
  perseverance persistence
• Power-oriented
• Always crave for more strength
• Always crave for more law and order

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Antara pemimpin terkemuka dunia yg berjaya dan
saiz tubuh mereka

• Alexander the Great 5
• Attila the Hun 5' 1½
• Napoleon Bonaparte 5' 1
• Genghis Khan 5' 2
• Adolph Hitler 5' 5

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Antara pemimpin terkemuka dunia dan punca
kegagalan mereka

• Alexander the Great / Greek
• Over egoist, Arrogance Over ambitious
• Napoleon Bonaparte
• Over egoist Over ambitious
• Genghis Khan
• Over egoist, Over ambitious, Over confident
• Adolph Hitler
• Over egoist, Over ambitious, Over confident

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Kepimpinan (Leadership)

• Definisi mudah
• - Daya / keupayaan pemimpin melaksanakan apa
  yang dirancang sbg pemimpin
• Mendesak pemimpin kini
• Menguasai pengetahuan teknikal
• Menguasai kemahiran manusiawi
• to work as a team develop skillful workers
• Menguasai kemahiran konseptual
• (CAF, FTF,..)

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Kemahiran kepimpinan yg perlu dimiliki

• Technical skills
• The knowledge of new technologies
• REFER TO PAGE 170
• Human skills
• Ability to work as a team
• Ability to develop skillful workers
• Conceptual skills
• Applying CAF decision making techniques.

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Tanggungjawab Pemimpin

• Miliki kredibiliti integriti
• Bertanggungjawab dan Akauntabal
• Memiliki empati yg tinggi
• Mempamerkan simpati sewajarnya
• Punyai misi dan visi
• Komited dan Jujur
• Tegas dan Tabah

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Tanggungjawab yg dipimpin

• Patuhi pemimpin selagi tidak menyalahi yg hak.
• Tidak wajar bila bertentangan prinsip / polisi
• Tidak wajar jika bercanggah dgn arahan atasan
• Menegakkan yg hak memerangi yg batil.
• Hormati perbezaan, pdgn alternatif,
• Jgn sesekali letakkan acuan kita pd org lain.
• Jangan terlalu defensif.

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Empat ciri kepimpinan

• The Accuracy in Planning
• Pengamanahan kuasa utk pengikut buat keputusan
• The Efficiency in Organizing
• Perkongsian idea dlm pembuatan keputusan
• The Consistency in Motivating
• Pengaruhi pengikut melalui hujah / idea
• The Supremacy in Controlling
• Bertindak ketika pengikut sudah bersedia

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Penggunaan kata2 yg tepat

• Perkataan yang selamat
• o"Secara peribadi, saya...
• o"Pndgn peribadi saya mengenai hal ini...
• o"Saya bukanlah orang yg layak mengulas...
• o"Setakat ini, pengalaman kami....
•  

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Penggunaan kata2 yg tepat

• Perkataan yg tegas tapi tepat ('We' ness)
• o"Kami yakin dgn kebolehan...
• o"Kami percaya bhw dia dpt melakukannya...
• o"Kami berazam utk melakukan yg terbaik...
• o"Kami berjanji menyempurnakan tggjwb ini...
• o"Berdasarkan pengalaman kami...

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Penggunaan kata2 yg tepat

• Perkataan yg perlu dielakkan
• o Saya rasa Saya agak Saya dengar...
• o Kalau tak silap saya Rasa2nya...
• o "No comment!" - boleh beri maksud yg lain.
• - Jika tidak, katakan tidak. Jika ya katakan ya.
• - Jika enggan mengulas, cuma katakan
• "Maaf! Saya tak boleh ulas hal ini kerana
• di luar bidang saya... "

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Petunjuk komunikasi kepemimpinan berjaya

• Majoriti yg dipimpin berfungsi
• Menyumbang apa yg diperlukan.
• Setiap satu punyai pengetahuan kemahiran.
• Pemimpin diterima majoriti masyarakat
• Bukan individu yg ditolak.
• Kepimpinan seiring perwatakan.
• Percanggahan pdgn tidak jadi masalah.
• Mendapat komitmen semua pihak
• Setiap ahli faham, yakin, dan bertindak.
• Pihak luar senang bekerjasama

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Achtung!

• It is always the minority
• that moves the majority.
• Great conquest and wits without contribution
  iswithout significance.
• Courageous people wont live forever
• but cowards never live at all.

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Wassalamualaikum Terima kasih