Describe and analyze the changes that led Europe

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Describe and analyze the changes that led
Europes rapid population growth in the 18th
century.ByDonn MallariPeriod 4
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Background Information

• The changes in Europe were enhanced by the
  agricultural revolution.
• A large population increase happened during this
  time.
• Population was increased by new technology
  allowing for better crops and farming.
• Increase in health care and living standards
  increased life spans and birth rates.

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Population Explosion

• Occurred in all parts of Europe.
• The basic cause was a decrease in morality, as
  fewer deaths occurred in Europe.
• Birth rate increased, as well as women producing
  stronger babies.
• During this time, the bubonic plague disappeared.
• A vaccine for smallpox also contributed to lower
  death rates, but not in a large margin.
• Increase in sanitation or towns, sewers, and
  water supplies.

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Before the Agricultural Revolution

• Worked to raise food for themselves and their
  landlords instead of making a profit by selling
  produce on the markets.
• Relied on ancient tools such as the wooden plow,
  the hoe, the rake, and the shovel.
• They continued the use of the three-field system
  (Open-field) which they kept one part of the land
  unoccupied at any one time.
• They knew very little about fertilizers, crop
  rotation, and animal breeding.
• Farmers worked hard all day and produced a low
  amount of crops.

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The Agricultural Revolution

• Originated in the Low Countries.
• New inventions helped improve farming, the seed
  drill, crop rotation, scientific breeding of
  animals, cast-iron plow, and the self cleaning
  steel plow.
• The enclosure movement contributed to large-scale
  farming. (Between 1760-1830)
• Larger noble farm land outgrew small farmer
  competition.
• People ate more balanced diets, contributing to
  better overall health.

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The Growth of the Cottage Industry

• Many rural area workers had little to no land,
  which contributed to development of industry in
  rural areas.
• The Putting-Out System was when a merchant
  would loan out (put out) raw material to cottage
  workers, who processed the raw material at home
  and sold the finished product back to the
  merchant.
• The system was a form of capitalism, because the
  merchants sought out to make profit and increase
  capital in their business.

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Analyzing the Major Changes of Europe during this
time that led to population increase.

• Improvements in health care, eating habits, and
  birth rates all are factors in population
  increase.
• The agricultural revolution led to an increase in
  food production, which helped support the
  increase in birth and migration.e
• The growth of the cottage industry allowed for
  people from rural areas to make money, and
  acquire land.

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