World War I

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World War I

• Course of the War

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Stalemate

• Neither side could gain an advantage
• Three main fronts
• Western mainly in France
• Eastern Russia
• Ottoman Turkey

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Western Front

• Trench Warfare
• 500 miles of trenches from the North Sea to the
  Swiss border

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Western Front

• War of attrition
• Millions killed or wounded

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Trench Warfare
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Trench Warfare
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Eastern Front

• Russia never recovered from the defeat at
  Tannenberg
• Russias only asset was its huge population
• It helped the allies by tying up hundreds of
  thousands of German troops in the east

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Ottoman Front

• Gallipoli (1915)
• Allies tried to conquer Turkey in order to get
  supplies to Russia
• The battle ended in stalemate and the Allies had
  to withdraw after a year

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U.S. Enters the War

• Four Reasons
• Sinking of the Lusitania
• Unrestricted submarine warfare Germany attacked
  all ships in the North Atlantic
• Zimmermann Note
• Cultural Ties to Britain

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Russia Withdraws

• Czar Nicholas II abdicates the throne in March,
  1917
• Provisional government continues the war 5.5
  million Russian casualties

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Russia Withdraws

• Russian Revolution in November, 1917
• Treaty of Brest Litovsk ends the war in the east
  between Russia and Germany