Events Leading to the Civil War

1
Events Leading to the Civil War
2
What four factors caused the development of
sectional tensions in the first half of the 19th
century?

• 1) Competing economic interests
• 2) Westward expansion
• 3) Slavery
• 4 Debates over the nature of the Union

3
What war resulted from the United States failure
to work out a settlement acceptable to both the
free North and slave South?

• The Civil War

4
What type of economy did the Northern states
develop during the first half of the 19th century?

• Industrial economy

5
What type of taxes did the Northern states did
the Northern states favor?

• Protective Tariffs

6
What was the purpose of high protective tariffs?

• To protect Northern manufacturers from foreign
  competition

7
What are protective tariffs?

• Taxes on imports that are so high Americans
  cannot afford to buy foreign goods

8
What type of economy did the Southern states
develop?

• Agricultural economy
• Farming

9
What was the Souths position on high protective
tariffs?

• Against them

10
Why did the South oppose high protective tariffs?

• Because they made the price of imported
  manufactured goods much more expensive

11
Who were the abolitionists?

• People who wanted to end slavery immediately

12
Name one important abolitionist leader.

• William Lloyd Garrison

13
What was the name of the antislavery newspaper
published in Boston?

• William Lloyd Garrison

14
What regions religious leaders became active in
the abolitionist movement?

• New England

15
Who wrote the antislavery novel Uncle Toms
Cabin?

• Harriet Beecher Stowe

16
What kind of novel was Uncle Toms Cabin?

• An antislavery novel
• Showed the cruelties of African-American slavery

17
What two slave rebellions took place in Virginia?

• Gabriels Rebellion
• Nat Turners Rebellion

18
Who proposed the Missouri Compromise?

• Henry Clay

19
What were the three parts of the Missouri
Compromise?
20

• Missouri became a slave state.
• Maine became a free state.
• The Louisiana Territory was divided at the 36º
  30 latitude line. North of this line must be
  free, while South of this line could be slave.

21
Why was it important to Congress to keep the
number of slave and free states equal?

• To keep the Senate evenly divided between the
  slave South and the free North

22
What important event happened in California in
1849?

• The Gold Rush

23
Who proposed the Compromise of 1850?

• Henry Clay

24
Who has been called the Great Compromiser?

• Henry Clay

25
What were the four parts of the Compromise of
1850?
26

• California became a free state.
• Stronger fugitive slave law
• Created the New Mexico and Utah territories with
  popular sovereignty to decide the issue of
  slavery in both
• Abolished the slave trade, but slavery itself, in
  Washington, D.C.

27
What region hated the Fugitive Slave Act?

• The North

28
What is a bill?

• A proposed law

29
What is an act?

• A law

30
Who proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

• Stephen Douglas

31
What were the three parts of the Kansas-Nebraska
Act?
32

• Created two new territories, Kansas and Nebraska
• Popular sovereignty would decide the issue of
  slavery in both Kansas and Nebraska
• Since both Kansas and Nebraska were north of the
  Missouri Compromise line, the Kansas-Nebraska Act
  repealed the Missouri Compromise.

33
Define popular sovereignty.

• the people would vote on whether they wanted
  slavery in their territory or state

34
What does it mean to repeal a law?

• Do away with the law
• Get rid of the law
• Its no longer a law

35
How did most abolitionists and Northerners feel
about the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

• Believed it betrayed the Missouri Compromises
  promise that land north of 36º 30 would be
  forever free

36
What effect did the Kansas-Nebraska Act have on
Kansas?

• Caused bloody fighting between pro-slavery and
  antislavery forces

37
What were the two major results of the
Kansas-Nebraska Act?

• 1) Bleeding Kansas
• 2) Formation of the Republican Party

38
What was the basic belief of the Republican Party?

• Prohibit the spread of slavery in the western
  territories

39
How did the Supreme Court rule in the Dred Scott
case?

• Ruled the Missouri Compromise was
  unconstitutional

40
Why did the Dred Scott decision anger Northerners?

• Overturned Northern efforts to limit the spread
  of slavery in the western territories

41
What part of the Compromise of 1850 did
Northerners hate the most?

• The Fugitive Slave Law

42
What did the Fugitive Slave Law require?

• Slaves who escaped to free states would be
  forcibly returned to their owners in the South.

43
In what type of rights did Southerners strongly
believe?

• States rights

44
What two rights did Southerners insist the states
possessed?

• The right to nullify a federal law
• The right to secede from the Union

45
What did Southerners argue states could do to
federal laws they did not like?

• Nullify them

46
What did it mean for a state to nullify a federal
law?

• Void it
• Do away with it
• It would no longer be a law in that state

47
What did it mean for a state to secede from the
Union?

• Withdraw from the Union
• Leave the Union