? starter activity

1
? starter activity
Who contributed more to the Thaw? Eisenhower or
Stalin? ? Other?
2
How did peaceful co-existence come about?
? Learning objectives

• TBAT explain at least 3key reasons why PC came
  about
• To assess the extent Khrushchev was responsible

3
? Your task

• Read p.75. Where did the phrase Peaceful
  co-existence originate? What were some of the
  factors which caused it?
• Read p.75-8 and list the reasons why peaceful
  co-existence emerged between the two
  superpowers. Take notes under these headings
• Consolidation of positions
• Military economic context
• Death of Stalin
• Beria
• Malenkov

4
Peaceful Co-existence

• Origins of term 1st coined by Malenkov, head of
  Communist Party Soviet PM , 1952 developed
  into fully formed policy under Khrushchev
• Purpose means of co-operating between East
  West until Marxist aims of communist society
  could be fulfilled
• Causes changes in leadership, need to avoid
  all-out nuclear war, wider issues

5
Consolidation

• By 1949 division of Europe entrenched
• Formation of NATO (1949) Warsaw Pact (1953)
  made divisions more evident
• Positions were secure now more willing to
  negotiate

6
Military economic context

• By 1955 USA USSR possessed hydrogen bombs
• Arms race picking up speed, e.g 1950 US had 298
  atomic bombs, in 1955 it had 2,422
• 1/3 of USSR spending went on military projects

US Hydrogen bomb one very similar was
jettisoned in 1958 of coast of Georgia and
remains there to this day!
7
Death of Stalin

• Power struggle between Beria (head of secret
  police), Malenkov (Politburo member) Nikita
  Khrushchev (Politburo member)

Beria (with Svetlana)
Khrushchev
Malenkov
? Read about Berias depraved sexual antics
8
Berias initiatives

• Beria All we want is a peaceful Germany, and it
  makes no difference to us whether it is socialist
  or not
• Proposed reunified, united East Germany
• BUT Berlin Uprising (1953) dashed hopes of
  unified Germany 25,000 arrests, 400 executions

9
Malenkovs New Course

• New Course war between capitalism and
  communism no longer inevitable
• Resources should be directed towards improving
  living conditions in USSR

10

• Khrushchev built on Malenkovs policy, developing
  New Course into Peaceful Co-existence
  De-Stalinisation

11
? Plenary

• Why did the world react positively and negatively
  to Stalins death
• Who coined the phrase Peaceful Co-existence?
• Reasons for development of PC?
• ?Extension. Who do you think should really be
  credited with PC? Should it even be a Russian?

12
? Homework

• Create a factoid on Nikita Khrushchev. Include
  references to his early life, ascendancy,
  relations with US, key achievements failures,
  death
• Take notes on Austria Finland (p.80) using the
  Skills builder question to guide you

.
13
? Plenary

• 3 reasons why Peaceful Co-existence came about
• How far was Khrushchev responsible?
• ? If you were Eisenhower, how would you turn
  Peaceful Co-existence to your advantage?