Chapter 2 Review

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Chapter 2 Review

• Constructive Destructive Forces

Created by Stacy Royster Suzanne Culbreth
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Landforms Causes of Changes to Landforms Earthquakes Volcanoes Humans Role in Science Other
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Which landform is much higher than the
surrounding land?
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Mountain
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What is a sand dune?
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A sand hill that is made and shaped by wind
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What is a plain?
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A large, flat landform with little relief
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What does the word mesa mean in Spanish?
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table
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Name 2 Mountain Ranges.
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Rocky MountainsAppalachian Mountains
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What is the process of wearing away rocks?
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weathering
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What is erosion?
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The process of moving sediment by wind, water, or
ice
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What is deposition?
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The process by which sediment drops out of water
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Where would you most likely find a delta?
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Near a rivers mouth
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Give 2 examples of weathering.
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Waves crashing against a cliff2. a plant growing
in a crack in a rock3. sand blowing against a
rocky surface
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Name the 4 earths layers.
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Crustmantleouter coreinner core
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What is an earthquake?
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Movement of the ground caused by a sudden release
of energy in Earths crust
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What is a fault?
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A break in Earths crust
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Who is a seismologist?
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A person who studies earthquakes
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What causes an earthquake?
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A sudden release of energy in Earths crust
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What is a volcano?
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A mountain made of lava, ash, or other materials
from eruptions
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What is magma?
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Melted, molten rock that is beneath Earths
surface
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What causes a chain of volcanoes to occur?
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The movement of a plate over a hot spot
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What is a column of hot magma called?
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A hot spot
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What group of islands was formed by a chain of
volcanoes?
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Hawaiian Islands
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What is a wall-like structure that sticks out
into the ocean?
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A jetty
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Name 1 method of flood control.
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Dam, levee, or allowing rivers to reclaim
floodplains
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What does a seismograph record?
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Movements in Earths crust
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What does the root word seismos mean?
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Shock or earthquake
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How do seismologists help prevent earthquake
damage?
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They locate areas most likely to shake during
quakes, and allow people to plan safety programs.

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How can earthquakes be destructive?
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Roads and bridges are damaged, buildings fall
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Where does the most damage usually occur from an
earthquake?
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An epicenter
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How do mountains form?
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Where plates come together, part of the crust is
forced up. When pressure is applied, the edges
of a plate may be forced up.
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Which layer of the Earths crust contains soft
areas on which plates float?
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mantle
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What causes a sinkhole to form?
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Water weathers and erodes soft rock underground,
forming a cave. If the roof of the cave
collapses and the cave is near the surface, a
sinkhole forms.