Chapter 9: Section 4

1
Chapter 9 Section 4

• Changing Patterns of Life

2
Lesson Questions

• How has technology changed village life?
• To what extent has the caste system changed?
• How is education changing in South Asia?
• What social changes are taking place in South
  Asia?

3
Village Life

• Modern advances are reaching some of the most
  remote areas of India
• However, some Indian villages have seen little
  change because about half have electricity and
  few have running water
• Some women still carry water jugs on their heads
  along dirt roads
• Traditional clothing is also worn
• People still plant crops by hand and guide
  ox-drawn plows
• People produce goods from home run businesses
  known as cottage industries

4
Video Clip of Daily South Asian Life
5
Technology and Change

• A few villagers receive the luxury of electricity
  and also afford manufactured goods such as
  telephones or tractors
• Roads, buses, movies, and television have put
  people in touch with a wider world
• Radar dishes are used at richer households to
  gain access to the news
• Due to increased health care the infant mortality
  rate is down
• In villages, sometimes due to traditional
  attitudes, male babies have received more
  nourishment and care than female babies
• In cities, males and female are generally treated
  the same

6
Video clip of Modernization in India
7
Modernization and the Caste System

• Indias government has tried to weaken the caste
  system
• People still have deeply rooted attitudes and
  traditions
• The caste system affects how children are
  educated
• Higher caste Indians can afford to educate their
  children. Family connections also allow them to
  get good jobs.
• Most higher castes dominate professions such as
  law, engineering, and medicine.
• Small changes have occurred for untouchables
• They can now worship at temples or use the
  village well
• Children of untouchables can attend public
  school, however they usually sit in a separate
  part of the class
• Urbanization has weakened the caste system
• City-dwellers do not know the backgrounds of
  their neighbors and western educated Indians
  usually reject the social system altogether

8
Improving Education in Pakistan
9
Improving education in India

• Schooling is free up to age 14, but due to
  traditional social views more males attend school
  than females
• 10 of Indians were literate at independence
• Today roughly 52 can read and write
• The future looks optimistic because 82 of
  elementary-age students are taught.
• The lower the caste the worst the literacy

10
Themes of Changing family Life

• Westernization Bollywood a nickname of Bombay
  (Mumbai) because they produce so many films like
  Hollywood
• More womens rights
• More nuclear families than extended
• Urbanization
• Traditional views are challenged

11
Bollywood