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Holocaust Unit Project

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Holocaust Unit Project By: Katrina Raskie, Becca Wittek, and Jeff Schlichte Why did Nazis Perform Experiments? Who Performed the Experiments? SS Officers that were ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Holocaust Unit Project


1
Holocaust Unit Project
  • By Katrina Raskie, Becca Wittek, and Jeff
    Schlichte

2
Why did Nazis Perform Experiments?
3
Who Performed the Experiments?
  • SS Officers that were trained medical
    practitioners
  • Dr. Mengele was a well-known physician at
    Auschwitz

4
About Dr. Mengele
  • Born on March 16th, 1911 in Ginsburg, Germany
  • Studied Philosophy and Medicine at the University
    of Frankfurt
  • 1938- Enlisted in the S.S.
  • 1943- Heinrich Himmler appoints Mengele as the
    head doctor at Auschwitz-Birkenau

5
Dr. Josef Mengele
  • Known as the Angel of Death
  • Supervised selection of who was to be killed and
    who would be kept alive for experimentation
  • Most people died because of experiments or later
    infections
  • At times he killed people just to be able to
    dissect them afterwards

6
Dr. Mengele Cont.
  • Common Experiments
  • Injecting victims eyes with chemicals in attempt
    to change the color
  • Injecting chloroform into their hearts
  • Tests on diseases (Tuberculosis, Typhoid) to find
    out how humans of different races withstood them

7
More Experiments
  • Investigated ways to increase human fertility
  • Tried to find a genetic cause for the disease
    noma
  • Experimented with infected wounds

8
Twin Experimentation
  • 1,500 sets of twins collected at Birkenau to
    develop a theory of heredity and relation between
    disease, racial types, and racial inter-breeding
  • He wanted to discover the genetic key to creating
    an Aryan
  • One twin was a control and the other one was
    experimented on

9
Twins Cont.
  • They were called Mengeles Children
  • Wanted to find a way so that all Aryan women
    could assuredly give birth to twins who were sure
    to be blonde and blue-eyed

10
Life of the Twins
  • Mengele would often bring candy and talk with
    them
  • They would get to keep their hair and clothes
  • Called him Uncle Mengele
  • Spared hard jobs and labor so they would stay
    healthy for experimentation

11
Life of Twins Cont.
  • Twins had blood drawn everyday
  • Blood transfusions of blood from 1 twin to
    another
  • Tried to fabricate blue eyes with chemicals
  • Injected Typhus and Tuberculosis
  • After one twin dies, the other was killed to
    examine and compare

12
Life of Twins Cont.
  • Performed surgeries without anesthesia including
    organ removal, castration, and amputations
  • Autopsies were considered the final experiment

13
Sterilization
  • Conducted at Auschwitz and Ravensbruck by Dr.
    Carl Clamber.
  • Tried to develop a method of sterilization for
    mass amounts of people with little time or
    effort.
  • Some were injected with solutions of iodine and
    silver nitrate. (Caused side effects including
    various types of cancers.) Other methods included
    castration, injections, or invasive surgeries
    with no anesthesia.

14
Sterilization (cont.)
  • Radiation became the fastest, most effective way
    to sterilize.
  • People were brought into rooms and asked to fill
    out forms which only took a few minutes. In this
    time, the people were sterilized. Severe
    radiation burns occurred.
  • They did this to develop and
  • efficient way to keep the
  • non-Aryan race from
  • reproducing.

15
High Altitudes/Air Pressure
  • At Dachau in 1942, doctors from the German Air
    Force and the German Experimental Institution
    tested patients responses to high altitudes to
    gain knowledge of the effects the German pilots
    could have because of ejecting themselves from
    planes at high altitudes.
  • Air pressure chambers simulated altitudes of
    66,000 feet.

16
Treatment of Disease
  • At Dachau and Buchenwald, physicians injected
    subjects with a series of diseases such as
    malaria, typhus, TB, typhoid, and hepatitis and
    then tried to cure them.
  • They were all diseases that German military
    personnel could have encountered in their work or
    on the battlefield.
  • Almost all of the subjects tested died from the
    contagious diseases injected into their bodies.

17
Freezing Experiments
  • Tried to simulate the conditions the military was
    facing on the eastern front
  • Dr. Sigmund Rasher conducted the experiments at
    Birkenau, Dachau, and Auschwitz
  • Put the victims in ice baths, or put them outside
    naked in sub zero temperatures

18
Freezing Cont.
  • First, they measured how long it took to freeze
    the victims to death
  • Second, they tested ways of resuscitating the
    victims
  • These included extremely hot sun lamps, injecting
    boiling water into their organs, and giving them
    warm baths

19
Testing of Drugs
  • Infected victims with malaria, then tested
    multiple drugs to find an immunization or
    treatment
  • Most patients died either from the disease or
    from complications from the drugs
  • Sulfonamide was tested as a cure for tetanus
  • Tested at Dachau Concentration Camp

20
Transplantation
  • Tested at Ravensbruck concentration camp
  • Experiments done of the transplantation of
    nerves, bones, and muscle
  • No anesthesia was used
  • Also experimented with nerve, bone, and muscle
    regeneration
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