Unit 13: World War 2

1
Unit 13 World War 2

• Chapter 19 and 20

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Chapter 19, Section 1

• Benito Mussolini- prime minister of Italy
  (1922-1943) helped create idea of Fascism
• Joseph Stalin-Soviet dictator during World War 2
  Stalin means man of steel
• Adolph Hitler- Leader of Nazi Party becomes
  prime minister in 1933 takes title known as
  fuhrer, leader take dictator role in 1934
• Nazi Party- 1919 (National Socialist German
  Workers Party) extreme nationalism, control of
  all industry by the state, the superiority of the
  Aryan race, and leadership by a dictator
• Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1937-made it illegal
  for Americans to sell arms to countries at war,
  and could only sell nonmilitary supplies on a
  cash-and-carry basis
• Axis Powers- becomes official in 1940 Japan,
  Italy, and Germany losing countries of WW2

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Map of European Allies

• Political Map of Europe

• Please use the Political Map of 1939 to write
  down four things
• Write down the names of the countries located on
  the map
• Color the map with four things Axis countries
  1939 Axis countries 1941 Allied Countries
  Neutral countries. Dont forget to create a key
• Draw an arrow from Germany to the following
  countries and write when they were invaded
  Poland, France, USSR (Soviet Union)
• On the side of the map, list which side the
  following countries would be fight for during
  WW2 United States, China, Japan, Australia,
  Brazil, Canada, South Africa

• Holocaust Map

• Recreate the map on page 600, using only the
  countries names and number of Jews killed within
  that country
• Using the map on page 609, and online sources,
  locate the following concentration/extermination
  camps
• Auschwitz-Birkenau Belzec Treblinka
• Ravensbruk, Bergen-Belsen Dachau
• Natzweiler-Struthof Jasenovac

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Chapter 19, Section 2

• Anschluss- union political unification of
  Germany and Austria
• Munich Conference- September 1938 Britain,
  France, Italy, and Germany met to decide
  Czechoslovakia fate, which was given to Hitler
• Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact- Germany and the
  USSR signed an agreement not to attack each other
  for the next 10 years
• September 1, 1939- Germany invades Poland
  Britain and France declare war on Germany
  September 3, beginning WW2
• Sitzkrieg- sitting war, Phony war, or Bore War
  nothing much was happening in West from Sept 1939
  till April 1940
• Winston Churchill- Prime Minister of Great
  Britain during most of World War 2
• Battle of Britain- June 1940 to October 1940
  battle for air superiority between Germany and
  Britain over England, with the British eventually
  winning

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Chapter 19, Section 3

• Shoah- Hebrew term for Holocaust which means
  catastrophe, devastation, ruin, or waste
• Nuremburg Laws- September 1935 these laws formed
  the legal basis for the Jews' exclusion from
  German society and set basis for further
  anti-Jewish laws
• Gestapo- Nazi secret police responsible for
  helping persecute the Jewish people
• Wannasee Conference and Final Solution- January
  1942 Nazis officially establish the beginning
  of the full-scale, comprehensive extermination
  operation of the Jews

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Chapter 19, Section 4

• Lend-Lease Act-allowed the United States to lend
  or lease arms to any nation considered vital to
  the defense of America
• Atlantic Charter- agreement between US and
  Britain to a postwar world of democracy,
  nonaggression, free trade, economic advancement
  and freedom of the seas
• Japan attacks Pearl Harbor-Japanese surprised
  attacked the US Pacific Fleet, sinking or
  damaging 21 ships, 188 airplanes, and killing
  2400 Americans

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Chapter 20, section 1

• Selective Service and Training Act- June 1940
  plan for the first peacetime draft in American
  history
• African American and War- At beginning of war, US
  military was still segregated and African
  Americans fought bravely during the war, hoping
  to provide Victory abroad and victory over racism
  at home
• Women and the War- Women were enlisted for the
  first time, but barred from combat and were first
  allowed in 1942, where the worked in
  administrative and clerical positions, as well as
  nurses

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Chapter 20, Section 2

• General Douglas MacArthur- commander of the
  Allied Forces in the Pacific Theater
• James Doolittle and Doolittle Raid- Leader of a
  raid in which B-25 bombers flew to and dropped
  bombs on Japanese lands for the first time
• Battle of Midway- turning point in the Pacific
  theatre Japan lost four large naval carriers and
  was now forced to be on the defensive
• General George Patton- Old Blood and Guts
  maybe best American general in the European
  campaign especially with tank warfare
• Battle of Stalingrad- July 1942-February 1943
  turning point in the European campaign as Germany
  was stopped and put on the defensive by the USSR

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Chapter 20, Section 3

• Rosie the Riveter-iconic image in a government
  campaign to recruit female workers for factories
  and shipyards
• Japanese Interment Camps- around 120,000
  Japanese-77,000 American citizens- were rounded
  up and sent to 10 interment camps located around
  America
• Korematsu v. United States- Supreme Court ruled
  relocation constitutional because it was not
  based on race, but on military urgency

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Chapter 20, Section 4

• Casablanca Conference- Roosevelt and Churchill
  agree to continue bombing Germany to destroy
  military, industry, economy, and German morale
  also attack Sicily and Italy
• Tehran Conference-first meeting of the Big Three
  Stalin would launch full-scale invasion when
  Allies invaded France break up Germany after
  war USSR would help America defeat Japan after
  Germany was defeated
• Operation Overlord- codename given for the
  invasion of France General Dwight D. Eisenhower
  was given command
• D-Day- June 6, 1944 was the date the Allied
  forces invaded France for Operation Overlord

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Chapter 20, Section 5

• Battle of the Bulge- Hitler staged one last
  offensive in December 1944 and would catch the
  Allies temporarily by surprise, creating a bulge
  in the line largest and bloodiest battle of war
  for USA, costing 89,000 causalities
• V-E Day- May 8, 1945 stand for Victory in
  Europe
• Harry S. Truman- Roosevelts Vice President who
  becomes President will finish out WW2, drop bomb
  on Japan, and begin to navigate US through
  post-WW2 and beginning of Cold War
• Manhattan Project and Dropping of Atomic Bomb-
  American program to build an atomic bomb J.
  Robert Oppenheimer America dropped two bombs on
  Hiroshima and Nagasaki, causing Japan to
  surrender to the United States
• V-J Day- August 15, 1945 Japan surrenders to end
  WW2
• United Nations- April 1945 New world
  organization that would help promote peace,
  stability, and prosperity around the world 5
  countries would be permanent fixtures Britain,
  France, China, Soviet Union, and United States
• Nuremberg Trials- Trials that took place in
  Germany by the International Military Tribunal
  (IMT) to try German leaders suspected of
  committing war crimes