WORLD WAR I

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WORLD WAR I

• 1914 - 1918

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Causes of World War I

• MILITARISM creation of large powerful
  militaries and stockpiling weapons
• ALLIANCE SYSTEM nations pledge to protect and
  support each other
• IMPERIALISM when a stronger nation takes over a
  weaker nation (to gain , power, respect)
• NATIONALISM pride or love for ones nation

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THE ASSASSINATION OFTHE ARCHDUKE
Shot Rings Throughout Europe
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The Spark of World War I

• Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his
  wife Sophie

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The Assassin- Gavrilo Princip - 1914
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Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia Little do
they know Allies are waiting in the
wings Propaganda like this was recruiting allied
soldiers
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No smiling and relaxed faces No clean uniforms
Their equipment is scattered everywhere Boredom
and sleep are obvious
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The soldiers had very little decent food, and
what food they had was often attacked by
rats. These rats were the size of small rabbits
and cats because they had fed on the decomposing
bodies of dead soldiers.
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Life in the trenches

• Millions of rats! (900 offspring a year)
• Brown rats ate human remains
• Grew to the size of cats
• Lice
• Leads to trench fever
• Trench foot (fungal infection)
• Cold, wet, blood, urine, vomit, feces
• Smell
• Rotting bodies, gas, feet, etc.
• No mans land

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Trench Foot
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No Mans Land

• The area between trenches of opposing armies
• Covered with barbed wire, mines, and fallen
  soldiers

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British tank, German machine gun, Australian
anti-aircraft gun
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Aircraft
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Poisonous Gas

• This war was also the first to use chlorine and
  mustard gas. The German army was the first to use
  chlorine in 1915.
• French soldiers had not come across this before
  and assumed that it was a smoke screen. It has a
  distinctive smell a mixture of pepper and
  pineapple and they only realized they were
  being gassed when they started to have chest
  pains and a burning sensation in their throats!
• Death is painful you suffocate.

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British soldier wearing gas mask
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The effects of mustard gas
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German U-Boats
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U-Boats

• The U-boat campaign can be broken into two
  distinct phases. The first was aimed at allied
  surface warships The second, and ultimately more
  successful, was targeted towards allied shipping
  - using the U-boat as a tool to enforce an
  embargo.

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Large Scale Devastation
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Ruins of France
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Ruined church at Montfaicon
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Stone bridge blown up by Belgians
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Death, Recovery of Bodies, Burial
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CASUALTIES

• GRAND TOTAL- 37 million
• 8.5 M killed 21 M wounded 7.7 MIA
• Top losers
• Russia- 9.15 Million Casualties
• Germany 7.1 M
• Austria 7 M (90 of men mobilized)
• France 6.1 M

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Effects of WW1

• ALLIES WIN!!!
• Every continent but Antarctica involved
• Total War
• 20 million deaths (21 million wounded)
• 338 billion
• Women
• Factories, offices, shops, hospitals, etc.
• Treaty of Versailles
• League of Nations

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Results of World War I

• Political Cost
• Economic Cost
• Treaty of Versailles
• Making Peace