The Industrial Revolution Spreads to North America

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The Industrial Revolution Spreads to North America
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Review

• Industrial Revolution began in Britain gt became
  the worlds leading industrial power.
• Inventions and ideas that were developed in
  Britain were then taken to other parts of the
  world.
• Inventions and ideas taken to North America by
  new immigrants who were settling the land gt
  began the development of American industry.

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Movement of Industrial Knowledge to the United
States

• B/se Britain wanted to keep their advantage over
  the rest of the world, the govt tried to prevent
  the spread of industrial technology to other
  countries.
• Main challenge?

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How Could Britain Try to Prevent the Movement of
Industrial Knowledge to the US?

• Penalties if caught smuggling plans or blueprints
  of the new machines out of the country.
• Laws to prevent immigration of skilled workers to
  American colonies.
• Laws made recruiting immigrants an offense.

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Sam Slater Traitor or Hero?

• b1768
• When he was 15, he became an apprentice in a
  textile mill
• Hard worker, promoted to the position of overseer
  in the mill
• Learned of recruiting agents for the Americas
• Philadelphia newspaper reported a reward of 100
  pounds for anyone who could produce replacement
  parts for Harbreaves spinning jenny.
• Goal once his apprenticeship was complete (6 ½
  years), he would immigrate to the Americas (seen
  as land of promise)

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Sam Slater Traitor or Hero? continued

• 1789 at 21 years of age, Slater sailed to the
  newly independent United States (after American
  War of Independence)
• Memorized the technical drawings of textile
  machines
• However, he needed his apprenticeship papers to
  prove to the Americans that he was a skilled
  textile worker sewed them into the lining of
  his coat.

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Sam Slater Traitor or Hero? continued

• Disguised himself as a farmer, boarded a ship,
  and arrived in New York in November, 1789
• Heard that Moses Brown, a Quaker from Pawtucket,
  Rode Island, was having trouble w/his textile
  machines
• Moses Brown mill owner
• Quaker a member of the Religious Society of
  Friends. The Quakers are a group of Christians
  who use no scripture and believe in great
  simplicity in daily life and in worship. Their
  services consist mainly of silent meditation

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Sam Slater Traitor or Hero? continued

• Slater offered to help Brown with a money-back
  guarantee If I do not make as good a yarn as
  they do in England, I will have nothing for my
  services.
• Brown hired him
• Slater soon regretted his promisewhy?

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Sam Slater Traitor or Hero? continued

• December, 1790 (13 months after Slater arrived in
  New York) Slater had Browns 72-spindle machine
  running properly
• 1793 Slater rebuilt the mill when it became
  inadequate to meet the demand for cloth

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Sam Slater Traitor or Hero? continued

• April 20, 1835 Sam Slater died
• a
• A
• Textile industry in the USA became the foundation
  for other industries.
• Textile industry in USA remains one of the most
  important industries today.
• Was Sam Slater a traitor or a hero?

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Water Power in New England
The states of New England are Connecticut, Maine,
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and
Vermont. Together, they form the northeasternmost
point of the United States.

• Water power was essential for the new textile
  machines.
• New England states fortunate b/se they had a
  large number of streams that would supply the
  needed power

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Geography Politics

• New Englands geography and politics helped to
  foster the growth of the textile industry b/se
• A
• A
• A
• a

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Results of the Industrial Revolution
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Speedy Production

• Because of
• Assembly lines
• Interchangeable parts
• Inventions

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Craftsmen Out

• Products used to be made by individual shop
  owners who were specialists
• Each product was different
• Now products were identical, and made in factories

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Urbanization

• More and more people moved to cities where there
  were factory jobs
• This was more true of the North than the South
  which remained agricultural

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Machines In

• Sewing Machines
• Cotton Gin
• Steam power
• Bessemer Steel Process resulted in large sky
  scrapers that could now be built

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Money Invested

• Stock market invented
• investors would receive a percentage of profits
• New York came stock market center

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More Workers Together

• People worked in large factories instead of small
  shops
• The workers were exposed to people from different
  cultures
• The working class emerged