Kompetensi Umum

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Kompetensi Umum
Mahasiswa memahami definisi sensor dan aktuator
Mahasiswa memahami peranannya dalam dunia industri
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Definisi

• SENSOR
• dapat mendeteksi/mengukur besaran fisik
• mengubah menjadi sinyal listrik

SENSOR' is a device that .. detects
a change in a physical stimulus and turns it
into a signal which can be measured or recorded

• TRANDUSER
• bentuk energi 1 -gt bentuk energi 2

TRANSDUCER' is 'a device that .. transf
ers power from one system to another in the same
or in the different form Transducers are ENERGY
CONVERTERS or MODIFIERS
What is the difference ?
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Transduser
Sensor a device that detects/measures a signal
or stimulus acquires information from the real
world

• Transducer
• Primary Energy Forms
• Sound
• Electric
• Mechanical
• Optical
• Chemical
• Thermal
• Nuclear etc.
• take form of a sensor or an actuator

Actuator a device that generates a signal or
stimulus
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Sensor

• Typically interested in electronic sensor
• Mengubah parameter yg diinginkan menjadi sinyal
  listrik terukur
• Sensor Elektronik secara Umum
• primary transducer changes real world
  parameter into electrical signal
• secondary transducer converts electrical signal
  into analog or digital values

• Typical Sistem Sensor Elektronik

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Contoh Sistem Sensor Elektronik

• Berbagai komponen aplikasi
• digital sensor within an instrument
• microcontroller
• signal timing
• data storage
• analog sensor analyzed by a PC
• multiple sensors displayed over internet

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Klasifikasi Sensor

• Based on sinyal conditioning power source
• Active Sensor ? memerlukan external power untuk
  membangkitkan sinyal listrik dlm merespon besaran
  terukur

Passive Sensor ? dpt langsung membangkitkan
sinyal listrik dalam merespon besaran terukur
(stimulus)
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Klasifikasi Sensor

• Based on level transduction
• Primary

Secondary
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Aplikasi
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Aplikasi
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Input Transducer The Sensor
How do we make measurements? Measurements are
made using input transducers to convert
variations of one physical form to those of
another, i.e. an energy converter. The science of
measurement is called metrology.
Example measurands include acceleration
linear or angular position light intensity
pressure sound stress, strain or force
temperature
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Input Transducer The Sensor
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Input Transducer The Sensor
How do we make measurements? Measurements are
made using input transducers to convert
variations of one physical form to those of
another, i.e. an energy converter. The science of
measurement is called metrology.
Example measurands include acceleration
linear or angular position light intensity
pressure sound stress, strain or force
temperature
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Instrumentation Control
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Primary and Secondary Sensors
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Passive Sensor
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Active Sensor
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Classify
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Sensor Characteristics

• Accuracy
• Absolute error
• Relative error
• Precision
• Repeatability
• Resolution
• Sensitivity
• Linearity
• Range

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Accuracy Precision
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Terminologi

• Sensitivity
• Sensitivity error
• Range
• Precision
• Resolution
• Accuracy
• Offset
• Linearity
• Hysterisis

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Typical sensor dan keluarannya
PROPERTY SENSOR KLASIFIKASI OUTPUT
Temperatur Thermocouple Silicon RTD Thermistor Passive Active Active Active Voltage Voltage/Current Resistance Resistance
Force/Pressure Strain Gage Piezoelectric Active Passive Resistance Voltage
Acceleration Accelerometer Active Capacitance
Position LVDT Active AC Voltage
Light Intensity Photodiode Passive Current
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Kalibrasi(Calibration)

• Sensor ? kondisi non ideal
• offset nominal output ? nilai nominal parameter
• nonlinearity output not linear dng perubahan
  parameter
• cross parameter sensitivity secondary output
  variation with, e.g., temperature
• Calibration mengatur keluaran hingga sesuai dng
  parameter sebenarnya
• analog signal conditioning
• look-up table
• digital calibration
• T a bV cV2,
• T temperature Vsensor voltage
• a,b,c calibration coefficients

T1
linear
T2
non-linear
offset
T3
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Kesimpulan

• Sensor ?
• Transduser ?
• Klasifikasi ?
• Kalibrasi ?