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Fisiologia Renal Mecanismos tubulares renais: parte 2 Profa. Dra. Cristina Maria Henrique Pinto Profa. Adjunto do Depto. Ci ncias Fisiol gicas-CCB-UFSC – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Apresenta


1
Fisiologia Renal
Mecanismos tubulares renais parte 2
Profa. Dra. Cristina Maria Henrique Pinto Profa.
Adjunto do Depto. Ciências Fisiológicas-CCB-UFSC C
omo citar este documento PINTO, Cristina Maria
Henrique. Fisiologia Humana Fisiologia Renal.
Disponível em lthttp//www.cristina.prof.ufsc.brgt.
Acesso em colocar a data aqui.
2
A SEGUIR, SÃO APRESENTADOS OS ESQUEMAS PARA
FACILITAR O ESTUDO E O ACOMPANHAMENTO DE MINHAS
AULAS Bibliografia recomendada Livros-textos F
isiologia Costanzo, 2007, 3ª Ed. (Ed.
Elsevier) Berne Levy Fundamentos de
Fisiologia, Levy et al, 2006, 4ª Ed. (Ed.
Elsevier) Berne Levy Fisiologia Koeppen
Stanton, 2009, 6ª Ed. (Ed. Elsevier) Tratado de
Fisiologia Médica Guyton Hall, 2006, 11ª Ed.
(Ed. Elsevier) Fundamentos de Fisiologia Médica
Johnson, 2003 (Ed. Guanabara Koogan) Fisiologia
texto e atlas Silbernagl e Despopoulos, 2003
(Ed. Artmed)
3
3º seminário Mecanismos tubulares renais 2
Alça de Henle e TCDinicial
Alça de Henle Reabsorção de 10 do volume
filtrado 10 da água (descendente) 20 do NaCl
(ascendente) 20 do Ca, K e Mg
4
Reabsorção de Água e NaCl na Alça de Henle
Extraído, enquanto disponível, de
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
5
Reabsorção de Água e NaCl na Alça de Henle
Porção fina ou descendente
AQP 1
Extraído, enquanto disponível, de
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
6
Distribuição dos subtipos de aquaporinas no néfron
Diagrammatic representation of the localization
of different aquaporins in the nephron and
collecting duct system. AQP1 (blue) is present in
the proximal tubule and descending thin limb.
AQP2 (green) is abundant in the apical and
subapical part of collecting duct principal
cells, whereas AQP3 (red) and AQP4 (purple) are
both present in the basolateral plasma membrane
of collecting duct principal cells. AQP7 (orange)
is confined to the apical brush border of
straight proximal tubules. ADH, antidiuretic
hormone. Nielsen et al., 2002 Physiol. Rev. 82
205-244 Caso interesse saber um pouco mais sobre
as aquaporinas, veja Verkman, 2005 More than
just water channels unexpected cellular roles of
aquaporins. http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/qu
ery.fcgi?cmdRetrievedbpubmeddoptAbstractlist
_uids16079275query_hl3itoolpubmed_DocSum
7
Reabsorção de Água e NaCl na Alça de Henle
AQP 1
Extraído, enquanto disponível, de
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
8
Reabsorção de Água e NaCl na Alça de Henle
Porção ascendente
AQP 1
Extraído, enquanto disponível, de
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
9
Reabsorção de Água e NaCl na Alça de Henle
Porção ascendente
FINA
AQP 1
Extraído, enquanto disponível, de
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
10
Reabsorção de Água e NaCl na Alça de Henle
ESPESSA
Porção ascendente
FINA
AQP 1
Extraído, enquanto disponível, de
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
11
Reabsorção na Alça de Henle água (fina ou
descendente) e NaCl (ascendente fina e espessa)
Região medular renal
AQP 1
Extraído, enquanto disponível, de
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
12
veja texto com explicações em
http//www2.kumc.edu/ki/physiology/index.htm
13
veja texto com explicações em
http//www2.kumc.edu/ki/physiology/index.htm
14
veja texto com explicações em
http//www2.kumc.edu/ki/physiology/index.htm
15
veja texto com explicações em
http//www2.kumc.edu/ki/physiology/index.htm
16
veja texto com explicações em
http//www2.kumc.edu/ki/physiology/index.htm
17
veja texto com explicações em
http//www2.kumc.edu/ki/physiology/index.htm
18
veja texto com explicações em
http//www2.kumc.edu/ki/physiology/index.htm
19
Reabsorção de NaCl na Alça de Henle (porção
espessa ascendente)
20
http//www.alternex.com.br/rfaria/
AHae e TCDi
Fig. 17. Cellular mechanism of sodium, potassium,
and anion transport in thick ascending limbs of
Henle's loop. Arrows indicate net fluxes of
solutes. The names of the currently cloned
transporters are mentioned into rectangular
boxes. Féraille and Doucet, 2001
21
http//www.alternex.com.br/rfaria/
AHae e TCDi
Reabsorção de outros íons
Via paracelular
Fig. 17. Cellular mechanism of sodium, potassium,
and anion transport in thick ascending limbs of
Henle's loop. Arrows indicate net fluxes of
solutes. The names of the currently cloned
transporters are mentioned into rectangular
boxes. Féraille and Doucet, 2001
Féraille and Doucet, 2001
22
Reabsorção de NaCl na Alça de Henle (porção
espessa ascendente)
K
Extraído, enquanto disponível, de
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
23
Inibição da reabsorção de NaCl na AH pelo
Furosemide (diurético de alça)
Alça de Henle (porção espessa ascendente)
Furosemide
Extraído, enquanto disponível, de
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
24
Reabsorção de Bicarbonato (HCO3-) no túbulo
contorcido proximal 80-90
Na
2
c.a.
capilar
Extraído, enquanto disponível, de
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
25
Reabsorção de Bicarbonato (HCO3-) na Alça de
Henle espessa 10-15
Na
2
3
c.a.
AH não possui ca nos vilos
capilar
Extraído, enquanto disponível, de
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
26
Manipulação renal de Cálcio (Ca)
TCP reabsorve 70 do que foi filtrado
11 do Cálcio plasmático são filtrados
(20 dos 55 de cálcio livres no plasma) Demais
45 ligados às ptn
dependente da reabsorção de Na e água no
TCP (paracelular)
Extraído, enquanto disponível, de
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
27
Manipulação renal de Cálcio (Ca)
TCP reabsorve 60
Dos 30 20 reabs. na AHae - TCDin
Furosemide ?Excreção de Ca
Dependente da reabsorção de Na/K/2Cl-
(paracelular)
Extraído, enquanto disponível, de
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
28
Manipulação renal de Cálcio (Ca)
Demais 10
8 podem ser reabsorvidos no TCD final na
presença de PTH
Extraído, enquanto disponível, de
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
29
Mechanism of Ca2 homeostasis.
Figure 1  An important element of total body Ca2
homeostasis is the sensing of blood Ca2 levels
by the Ca2-sensing receptor (CaR) in parathyroid
cells. Following a decrease in blood Ca2 levels,
this receptor triggers the release of the
parathyroid hormone (PTH). This in turn leads to
Ca2 release from bone and enhanced 1,25-vitamin
D (1,25-VitD) production from 25-vitamin D
(25-VitD) in the proximal tubule of the kidney.
1,25-Vitamin D increases the expression of the
epithelial Ca2 channels TRPV6 and, together with
PTH, TRPV5. TRPV6 transports Ca2 into the body
from the small intestine across brush border
membranes, whereas TRPV5 enhances Ca2
reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule in
the kidney.
http//arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.11
46/annurev.physiol.69.031905.161003
30
Mechanism of Ca2 homeostasis.
Figure 1  An important element of total body Ca2
homeostasis is the sensing of blood Ca2 levels
by the Ca2-sensing receptor (CaR) in parathyroid
cells. Following a decrease in blood Ca2 levels,
this receptor triggers the release of the
parathyroid hormone (PTH). This in turn leads to
Ca2 release from bone and enhanced 1,25-vitamin
D (1,25-VitD) production from 25-vitamin D
(25-VitD) in the proximal tubule of the kidney.
1,25-Vitamin D increases the expression of the
epithelial Ca2 channels TRPV6 and, together with
PTH, TRPV5. TRPV6 transports Ca2 into the body
from the small intestine across brush border
membranes, whereas TRPV5 enhances Ca2
reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule in
the kidney.
http//arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.11
46/annurev.physiol.69.031905.161003
31
Mechanism of Ca2 homeostasis.
Figure 1  An important element of total body Ca2
homeostasis is the sensing of blood Ca2 levels
by the Ca2-sensing receptor (CaR) in parathyroid
cells. Following a decrease in blood Ca2 levels,
this receptor triggers the release of the
parathyroid hormone (PTH). This in turn leads to
Ca2 release from bone and enhanced 1,25-vitamin
D (1,25-VitD) production from 25-vitamin D
(25-VitD) in the proximal tubule of the kidney.
1,25-Vitamin D increases the expression of the
epithelial Ca2 channels TRPV6 and, together with
PTH, TRPV5. TRPV6 transports Ca2 into the body
from the small intestine across brush border
membranes, whereas TRPV5 enhances Ca2
reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule in
the kidney.
http//arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.11
46/annurev.physiol.69.031905.161003
32
Mechanism of Ca2 homeostasis.
Figure 1  An important element of total body Ca2
homeostasis is the sensing of blood Ca2 levels
by the Ca2-sensing receptor (CaR) in parathyroid
cells. Following a decrease in blood Ca2 levels,
this receptor triggers the release of the
parathyroid hormone (PTH). This in turn leads to
Ca2 release from bone and enhanced 1,25-vitamin
D (1,25-VitD) production from 25-vitamin D
(25-VitD) in the proximal tubule of the kidney.
1,25-Vitamin D increases the expression of the
epithelial Ca2 channels TRPV6 and, together with
PTH, TRPV5. TRPV6 transports Ca2 into the body
from the small intestine across brush border
membranes, whereas TRPV5 enhances Ca2
reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule in
the kidney.
http//arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.11
46/annurev.physiol.69.031905.161003
33
  Mechanism of epithelial Ca2 absorption in the
intestine and kidney.
Figure 2. In the intestine, the TRPV6 epithelial
Ca2 channel, which is expressed in the brush
border membrane, mediates the first step in
transepithelial Ca2 absorption. Once inside the
epithelial cells, Ca2 binds to calbindin D9K.
Calbindin D9K is thought to play a central role
in transporting intracellular Ca2 to the
basolateral membrane without increasing free-Ca2
concentration. At the basolateral membrane Ca2
is released into the blood through the
Ca2-ATPase PMCA1b and possibly the Na/Ca2
exchanger NCX1 (SLC8A1). Ca2 reabsorption in
the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney
proceeds in a similar fashion but with the
following variations (a) Ca2 entry at the
luminal side is mediated predominantly by the
epithelial Ca2 channel TRPV5. (b) Ca2 is
shuttled to the basolateral membrane via both
calbindin D9K and calbindin D28K. (c) Ca2 exit
proceeds via both PMCA1b Ca2-ATPase and the NCX1
(SLC8A1) Na/Ca2 exchanger. Under high luminal
Ca2 conditions, Ca2 is absorbed, via the
paracellular route, through the tight junction
down the transepithelial Ca2 gradient.
http//arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.11
46/annurev.physiol.69.031905.161003
34
Manipulação renal de Cálcio (Ca)
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
35
Manipulação renal de Cálcio (Ca)
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
36
Manipulação renal de Cálcio (Ca)
Reabsorção de até 8 do que foi
filtrado. Excreção de, no mínimo, 2
Aumenta a reabsorção renal de cálcio (diminui a
excreção)
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
37
Manipulação renal de Cálcio (Ca)
Aumenta a absorção intestinal de cálcio
Aumenta a reabsorção renal de cálcio (diminui a
excreção)
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
38
Reabsorção de Cálcio (Ca) dependente de PTH
(TCD)
3 Na
3 Na
Ca
Ca
Ca
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
39
Reabsorção de Cálcio (Ca) dependente de PTH
(TCD)
PTH e Calcitriol
PTH e Calcitriol

3 Na
3 Na
Ca

?
Ca
Ca
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
40
Reabsorção de NaCl pelo TCD
3 a 5 do que foi filtrado
NaCl
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
41
Reabsorção de NaCl pelo TCD
Diuréticos Tiazídicos
(Hidroclorotiazida)
2
3
Cl-
Cl-
42
Reabsorção de Cálcio (Ca) dependente de PTH
(TCD)
Cl-
Cl-
Diuréticos Tiazídicos
inibem a reabsorção de NaCl (3-5)
Aumentam a reabsorção de Cálcio
Cl-
3 Na
3 Na
Ca
?
Ca
Ca
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
43
Manipulação renal de Cálcio (Ca)
Demais 10
8 podem ser reabsorvidos no TCD final na
presença de PTH
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
http//sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/nephrology/presenta
tion/index.htm
44
FISIOLOGIA RENAL continua em Aspectos
integrados das funções renais Introdução ao
estudo da Fisiologia Renal Mecanismos tubulares
I Mecanismos tubulares II Veja outros recursos
sobre Fisiologia Renal nos links
abaixo Material didático de Renal, extraído da
Internet (apresentações em ppt, capítulos de
livros em pdf, animações online, etc) Dicas de
sites didáticos de Fisiologia Renal
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