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• MOTIVATION, TEAM LOYALTY AND VIOLENCE TENDENCIES
  OF HANDBALL SUPPORTERS A CASE STUDY IN TURKEY
• Mehmet Ali Çeliksoy- Sema Çeliksoy
• Anadolu University, School of Physical Education
  and Sports ESKISEHIR/ TURKEY
• INTRODUCTION
• Handball is a sport that has a large number of
  spectators in the world. It is a fast game and
  makes its spectators excited because of the game
  characteristics.
• It is seen that the number of handball spectators
  and supporters has decreased but the number of
  rows has increased on courts and grandstands, and
  recently, these events have been figured in mass
  media. A lot of projects have been prepared in
  order to ensure handball spectators and
  supporters interest in handball. On the other
  hand, it can be said that there have been no
  prosperous results. Furthermore, there are not
  enough studies on handball spectators,
  supporters, marketing of handball and sponsors.
  In addition, the existing studies are not
  satisfactory for handball.
• AIM OF THE STUDY
• In this research, the answer was sought for the
  following questions What are the tendencies of
  handball supporters for their teams? Is there a
  correlation between the tendencies and the
  supporters demographic characteristics?
• METHOD
• a survey has been prepared by the specialist
  researchers in Istanbul, Ankara, Bursa and
  Eskisehir and the survey was conducted with 386
  handball supporters.
• In analyzing process, a statistical program was
  used. Frequency, percentage, mean average and
  standard deviation were revealed in analyzing of
  data. Cronbach Alpha was used for the reliability
  of the variants. T test and ANOVA were used to
  reveal the differences between the tendencies
  (the motivational factors, team loyalty, and
  violence) and demographic characteristics (age,
  gender, education and marital status).
• RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
• 47.4 of the supporters are male, 77.2 of them
  are single, 67.4 of them are students, 45.3
  of them are university graduate, 51. 8 of them
  are under the age of 21, 45.6 of the
  supporters earn 384 or fewer than 384 dollars in
  a month. It can be said that majority of the
  handball supporters are singles and students, for
  this reason they have low income.