Chapter 19 World War 1 and Its Aftermath

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Chapter 19World War 1 and Its Aftermath

• Section 4
• The Wars Impact

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An Economy in Turmoil

• After WWI ended, rapid inflation resulted when
  govt agencies removed their controls from the
  economy.
• Inflation increased the cost of living the cost
  of food, clothing, shelter, and other essentials
  people need.

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Inflation Leads to Strikes

• While workers needed higher wages to keep up with
  the cost of living, companies wanted lower wages
  due to an increase in operating costs.
• Number of members in unions increased greatly.
• Unions were better organized than before leading
  to more strikes.

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The Seattle General Strike

• General Strike involve all workers living in a
  certain location.
• 1st major general strike Seattle 35,000
  shipyard workers walked off the job.
• Soon other unions joined.
• Involved more than 60,000 people and paralyzed
  the city for five days

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Strike ended with no winner
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The Boston Police Strike

• 1919 75 of the Boston Police went on strike.
• Gov. Calvin Coolidge sent in the National Guard
  to stop looting.

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The Boston Police Strike
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The Boston Police Strike

• When the police tried to return to work, Coolidge
  fired them, and a new police force was hired to
  replace them.
• This helped Coolidge gain the vice-presidency in
  1920.

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The Steel Strike

• One of the largest strikes in American history.
• 350,000 steel workers went on strike.
• Elbert H. Gary, head of U.S. Steel, refused to
  talk to union leaders.

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The Steel Strike

• Riot in Gary, Indiana killing 18 strikers.
• The failure of the strike set the union cause
  back in the steel industry until 1937.

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Racial Unrest

• Summer of 1919, race riots occurred in many
  Northern cities.
• Caused by the return on hundreds of thousands of
  American soldiers who needed to find employment.
• Great Migration caused competition for jobs in
  the North.
• Worst violence happened in Chicago.

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The Red Scare

• After WWI, Americans associated communism with
  disloyalty and unpatriotic behavior.
• The numerous strikes in the U.S. in 1919 made
  Americans fear that Communists or reds might
  take control.

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The Red Scare Begins

• The USPS intercepted 30 parcels addressed to
  leaders in the business and political arena that
  were to set to explode upon opening.
• One bomb damaged the home of U.S. Attorney Gen.
  A. Mitchell Palmer.

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The Palmer Raids

• Palmer set up a special division in the Justice
  Department called the General Intelligence
  Division, headed by J. Edgar Hoover.
• Today this is known as the FBI.
• Palmer organized raids on various radical
  organizations, mostly rounding up immigrants who
  were to be deported.

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After a Palmer Raid
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The End to Progressivism

• Warren G. Harding won the election in 1920 with a
  campaign that called for a return to normalcy,
  or a return to the simpler days before the
  Progressive Era reforms.
• Harding won the election by a landslide.
• The American people liked the idea of returning
  to a simpler time.

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Warren G. HardingEnd of Progressivism
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End of Chapter 19

• Next Test on Sec 2 4