INDEPENDENT AND INFORMAL CARE PROVISION

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INDEPENDENT AND INFORMAL CARE PROVISION
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INDEPENDENT AND INFORMAL CARE PROVISION

• Britain has a mixed economy care provision.
• Many of the care services come from the
• a) Independent sector
• non-statutory organisations
  
• private organisations
• b) Informal Carers

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INDEPENDENT AND INFORMAL CARE PROVISION

• This care sector has become more important
  over the last 20 years because
• The Conservative and Labour governments have
  deliberately encouraged provision by the
  independent sector.

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INDEPENDENT AND INFORMAL CARE PROVISION

• Demographic factors, including an ageing
  population, have created an increasing need for
  health and social care services.
• An increasing number of women who work outside
  the home have created a demand for more
  childcare.
• There is a shortage of public services in some
  areas.

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INDEPENDENT AND INFORMAL CARE PROVISION

• It has also been suggested that the change in
  peoples attitude towards health and physical
  awareness has made the public more willing to
  spend money on such things as dentistry and
  cosmetic surgery.

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THE PRIVATE SECTOR

• This is a market which sells care to people.
  This care includes such diverse services as
  screening and dentistry, home modifications,
  fertility treatment and tertiary care when
  someone is dying. The people who provide private
  care do so in order to make money.

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THE PRIVATE SECTOR

• Until recently, the individual had to buy the
  care with cash or personal insurance. Lately, in
  some circumstances, it is possible to receive
  private care which has been funded by public
  bodies.
• A partnership is agreed between a statutory
  organisation and a private organisation e.g. home
  care for older people, cataract surgery and
  screening. This shows how the boundary between
  the sectors is becoming less defined.

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FACTS

• Facts
• 14 million people in Britain use private care in
  one way or another
• many do so in order to avoid NHS waiting lists
• many treatments are not available under the NHS
  e.g. un-necessary cosmetic surgery
• 850 000 private treatments are undertaken every
  year
• 13 private knee replacements
• 12 private abortions

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THE PRIVATE SECTOR

• Although this sector is growing, only
  the services which the public are prepared to pay
  for are offered by the private sector. They tend
  to be specialist services which are associated
  with lifestyle.
• The statutory institutions (the NHS and
  the Local Authorities) tend to offer services to
  a more diverse public sector which often needs
  more complex and more expensive care.

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THE PRIVATE SECTOR

• There is considerable economic, political and
  ethical debate concerning the increasing use of
  private services in the countrys health and care
  services.

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Put your mind to work.

• Working in Pairs
• Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of
  using private services in connection with these
  three areas.
• List your answers

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THE PRIVATE SECTOR

• Examples of private provision in Health and
  Social Care
• hospitals, nursing homes, residential homes,
  nurseries, clinics
• drugs, medical apparatus, bandages etc, being
  sold to the NHS and local authorities
• treatments, drugs without prescription, apparatus
  and therapies purchased directly from private
  providers e.g. pharmacists, optician, dentist,
  practitioners of complementary and alternative
  medicine

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THE VOLUNTARY SECTOR

• The Voluntary Sector originated in the
  eighteenth century. Religious voluntary
  organisations, such as the Quakers and wealthy,
  philanthropic people like the Cadbury family
  began supporting voluntary services to help the
  less fortunate. But these were few and far
  between because they were expensive to run and
  depended entirely on financial contributions.

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THE VOLUNTARY SECTOR

• The Voluntary Sector
• was established as a result of a specific need.
  No law was required to establish it
• is usually made up of registered charities they
  are non-profit making
• employs some staff while other workers are
  volunteers.

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THE VOLUNTARY SECTOR

• They traditionally focus more on social care
  rather than on health.
• They often fill the gap left by the other
  sectors, e.g. care for the very poor or the
  homeless. They are not found in every area.
• The care provided by the Independent Sector is
  monitored and moderated by
• a) The health care commission
• b) Commission for social care review

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THE INFORMAL CARE SECTOR

• According to a national survey in 1995, 18
  adults in Britain provide informal care and 16
  home includes a carer. A carer is someone who
  looks after a person who is ill, disabled or old
  in their own homes.
• It is estimated that 7 million persons, women
  mainly, are informal carers in Britain.

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THE INFORMAL CARE SECTOR

• Facts
• 23 informal carers work in paid employment also
  parents are often dependent on their children,
  10,000 carers are under 18 yrs old the majority
  of carers are women
• Examples of the tasks undertaken by an
  informal carer
• assisting with personal care dressing, washing
  etc. shopping and collecting prescriptions,
  household cleaning, walking the dog for someone
  who is house bound, keeping company.

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ASSESSING INFORMATION

• Questions
• . Why has the independent sector increased
  in importance over the last 20 years?
• Describe the main characteristics of the private
  health care sector.
• Describe the main characteristics of the
  voluntary care sector.
• Explain the importance of the role of informal
  carers.

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ASSESSING INFORMATION

• In the UK health care provision is mostly via
  the statutory organisations.
• What is the meaning of statutory?
• Give an example of this
• The private sector is?
• Give an example of this
• The voluntary sector is?
• Give an example of this
• The voluntary and private sectors are called
  Independent sectors. Why?

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CARE

• Practitioners in the private and voluntary
  sectors can also offer statutory care services,
  if they receive a contract and finance from the
  government to do this.
• This does not happen often. Instead, these
  services usually offer non-statutary services,
  e.g. nursing home care, physiotherapy, to people
  who are willing to pay for them.

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CARE

• Social care is any non-medical care which offers
  support or help to vulnerable groups. The main
  users of social care services are
• Children and families
• Older people
• People with disabilities (physical, sensory or
  learning)
• People who suffer from mental strain

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CARE

• Social care is also provided via statutory,
  private and voluntary organisations.
• Discuss and then make a list of different
  examples of social care services.

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CLASS WORK

• Class Work (on a sheet of A3 paper) -
• Think of all the health, social care and
  childcare services which you know about.
• Group the services into the 3 categories
  mentioned above (table format).
• Define the sector of each one (i.e. statutory,
  informal, independent)
• Specify whether the health services are primary,
  secondary or tertiary care
• Briefly note what is the main purpose of each
  service
• (The answers are to be found on page 531, 532,
  554-559 in the book Babies and Young Children,
  UWIC)

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FURTHER WORK

• Identify the 4 different care sectors which exist
  within the care system in the UK.
• Explain the meaning of the terms mixed economy
  care and internal market in relation to care
  services.
• What is the effect of the internal market on the
  care system?