Ancient Greece

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Ancient Greece

• Contrasting Athens and Sparta

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Todays Focus

• SPARTA

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(No Transcript)
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Lets Examine this Historical Artifact

• What is this artifact?
• Who would wear it?
• Where in the world is it from?
• When in history can we place it?
• Why would someone wear it?
• How would it be used effectively?

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Sparta The City-State

• Military oligarchy, monarchy, democracy, and
  timocracy all rolled into one
• Ruled by a dual monarchy of two kings
• King Lycurgus formed the first military oligarchy

SPARTA Online
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Spartan Ideology

• Viewed themselves as the one and only inheritors
  of Greek tradition
• Believed and lived within the ideals of
  discipline, self-denial, simplicity, and order
• The individual lived and died for the welfare of
  the state

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Social Structure of Sparta
Dual Monarchy ___________________________________
Spartiate ________________________________________
______________
Perioeci _________________________________________
_________________________________
Helots
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Spartiate

• Native Spartan who could trace their ancestry all
  the way back to the original inhabitants of the
  city
• Served in the army, could vote, and were the only
  Spartan people to enjoy the full political and
  legal rights of the state

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Perioeci

• Foreigners to the Spartan society who worked in
  the middle class as traders and merchants and
  were awarded a great deal of freedom
• Served as a buffer population between the
  Spartiates and the helots

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Helots

• Native population of agricultural slaves who
  lived a life of serfdom
• Although enslaved, outnumbered the citizens
  greatly and estimated to be 250,000 helots at
  height of Spartan power
• Enjoyed no political, social or legal rights

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Spartan Militarism

• The military WAS the city-state and the
  city-state WAS the military
• At the age of 7, every Spartan male were sent to
  military athletic school
• A policy of military readiness and offensives was
  held
• The Spartan Hoplite

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Athenian Democracy

• One of the first form of organized democracy
  relying on the direct or representative election
  of offices
• Allowed for citizenship and voting rights for
  many of its male citizens
• Placed great importance on the arts and literature

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Contrasting Sparta and Athens
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Spartan Warriors Comprehension Questions

• Why did the Spartans establish a strict and
  brutal military society?
• Who posed the greatest external threat to Sparta
  early in the fifth century B.C.?
• What happened to a Spartan citizen at age seven?
• What was the phalanx?
• What rites of passage did a Spartan warrior go
  through at ages 20 and 30?
• Why did Spartan power decline?

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Look to the Next Unit

• The Rise and Fall of The Roman Empire