Prsentation PowerPoint

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How the electricity system contributes to energy
efficiencyYves BambergerEDF Executive VP
Research DevelopmentMember of the French
Academy of technology
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1 - The electricity system, an asset for
Europe2 - How to evaluate the sustainable
energy efficiency ?3 The lack of global
approach for regulation the need
for research !

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TSO Operation centre
COGENERATION
SUBSTATION
SUBSTATION
The system yesterday
DSO Operation centre
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SUBSTATION
DSO Operation centre
The system in 2020
DER interface
Load interface
Aggregator or ESP Operation centre
Market place
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SUBSTATION
DSO Operation centre
The system in 2020
DER interface
Load interface
Aggregator or ESP Operation centre
Market place
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The electricity system, an asset for Europe
French energy consumption an increase of
electricity use !
?6,4 ?2,8-13000
4,5 1,6 - 7500
0,9 ? - 8,5
0,4 ? -?
1840
1945
2000
2040
Transport Industry Residential (heat) Residential
(electr.)
Transport Industry Residential (heat)
Residential (heat) Agriculture
Industry Residential (heat)
Main uses of energy
Primary energy tep/hab
Electricity tep/hab et kWh/hab
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For optimising use of energies
The electricity system, an asset for Europe

• gtgt globally, the electricity system helps to
  integrate several primary energies and to
  optimise their relative uses
• Small and big hydro, nuclear, solar energies,
  windfarm, gas, STEP
• gtgt interconnected system allows to smoothen
  demand, store energy. In the future, it will
  allow thanks to new information technologies
  remote control of power demand And to more
  precisely adjust precisely supply and demand
  without wasting energy !

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How to evaluate the sustainable  energy
efficiency  ?
Dish washer
Needed primary energy water heating
electricity
680
Hand washing
540
Dish washer
(en kWh énergie primaire par an et par ménage,
daprès ARENE, université de Bonn )
A dish washer uses less energy than hand washing
! Less hot water, often wasted when rinsing If
all french people were equipped with dish washer,
estimated cut of electricity consumption 2
TWh/year !
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How to evaluate the sustainable  energy
efficiency  ?
Heating
Primary energy
Final energy
Needed energy
132
With gas
125
100
210
With electrical convectors
105
100
With heat pump
100
80
40
In the name of global  energy efficiency ,
which energy forbiding ? Or promoting ?
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How to evaluate the sustainable  energy
efficiency  ?
Urban transport system
Primary energy
Needed energy
300
Traditional
fuel ? internal combustion engine (global
efficiency 0,33)
100
250
Hybrid (Prius) fuel ?
electricity ? engine (global efficiency 0,40)
100
Electricity for energy efficiency of transport
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How to evaluate the sustainable  energy
efficiency  ?

• Global energy efficiency
• Environmental efficiency
• Scarcity energy resources
• Direct (Energy, infrastructures, equipments) and
  indirect costs (anticipating scarcity,
  environment)

Sustainable energy efficiency
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How to evaluate the sustainable  energy
efficiency  ?

• Some answers
• Generalisation of cogeneration (and micro-CHP)
  using gas
•  Society of hydrogen
• Electrification to be generalised
• transport
• generation distributed generation, renewables
  such as photovoltaic, biomass

• Challenges for 2040
• Scarcity of fossil energies, fuel and gas
• Need for reducing CO2 emission
• Need for important financial helps
• Access to electricity for all

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The lack of global approach for regulation

• Merit orderS of generation plants
• Access to interconnexions
• Coordinations between system operators
• Changing support to renewable sources with weak
  relations to sustainable energy efficiency

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Effects of non coordinatedactions on the markets
in Europe
The lack of global approach for regulation
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• For the European Commission and the governements
  
• For the utilities and players of the energy
  market
• For european industries (cars, white goods )

RESEARCH !
The electricity system as an european optimizor
for generation and use
26 mai 2005
The electricity system as national integrator
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