William Dutton

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Reconfiguring AccessIssues for Transport
Users, Providers, and e-Researchers

• William Dutton
• Oxford Internet Institute (OII)
• University of Oxford
• www.ox.ac.uk

Presentation for the 8th International Conference
on Survey Methods in Transport, Annecy, France,
25-31 May 2008.
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(No Transcript)
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Reconfiguring Access Relevance to Transport
Survey Researchers

• Transport Users and Providers
• Reshaping the Industry
• The Emergence of a 5th Estate
• 2. Transport Researchers
• Advances in e-Research
• Certainty Trough or Experience Technology

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Oxford Internet Surveys

• 2003, 2005 and 2007 (next in 2009)
• Cross-sectional Surveys versus Panels
• Multi-Stage Probability Sample
• England, Scotland Wales
• Respondents 14 years and older
• Face-to-face Interviews
• Sponsorship from Hefce, AOL, BT, British Library,
  Cisco, Ofcom, Wanadoo (Orange), Talisma
• Embedded with World Internet Project

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Sample Sizes and Response Rates

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Diffusion of the Internet in Britain 2003-2007
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Broadband 2003-2007
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Reconfiguring Access
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Going to the Web for Information
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The Ways Users Get Information
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Trust in Media, UK, 2007 (Reliability of
Information)
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Digital Divides Income and Internet Use
OxIS 2005 N2,185 OxIS 2007 N2,350
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Life Stage and Internet Use
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Internet Uses - Factors

• Civic Participation joined civic organisation,
  contacted a politician, signed a petition.
• Entertainment downloaded music, videos,
  participated in chat rooms.
• E-Government get information about Local Council
  services, get information about Central
  Government services, to pay for a tax.
• Learning getting information for school related
  projects, distance learning.
• Social Network posted messages or pictures
  online, created a profile in a social network
  site.
• News-Information Looking for news, social
  events, health information.
• Finance using bank online services, paying
  bills.
• Shopping getting information about a product or
  service, buying a product or service.
• Diary Write a Blog, maintain a personal website.
• Travel making travel plans or reservations.
• Person to person Network sending or getting
  jokes, send attachment with your email.
• Fact Checking find or check a fact, look up the
  definition of a word

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Internet Uses
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Explaining Internet Use for Travel
Where did you start using the Internet
0.04
Ability to use the Internet
0.31
Age
0.02
Gender
0.43
Marital Status
0.00
0.00
Life Stage
Travel Planning Online
0.74
Household Income
0.33
0.47
Disability
0.34
Social Grade
0.00
Ethnicity
0.06
Years using the Internet
Frequency of Internet Use
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Who uses the Internet for making Travel plans?

-
Internet Café, at another persons home, at home,
at work
Public library, at School/At university
Where did you start using the Internet
Age
18-35 years, 35-55 years
14-17 years, 65
Living together with a partner, Married
Single, Divorced or separated
Marital Status
Employed, Retired
Student, Unemployed/Other
Life Stage
lt 6 months, Between 6 months and 1 year
gt 5 years
Years using the Internet
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The Fourth and Fifth Estates

• Press in the 18th Century -- the Fourth Estate
• Internet in the 21st -- enabling a Fifth Estate
• Enabling people to network with other individuals
  and with information, services and technical
  resources in ways that support social
  accountability in business and industry,
  government, politics, and other sectors.

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Alternative Conceptions

• Public Sphere (Habermas)
• Information Commons
• Space of Flows (Castells)
• Engineered Information Space (Berners-Lee)
• Fifth Estate

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Networked Institutions v Networked Individuals

• Networked Institutions, such as in e-Health,
  on- line travel services to complement agencies
• Networked Individuals of the Fifth Estate
• going to the Internet for health and medical
  information, or travel information
• collaborative network organizations, such as
  physicians via Sermo, or transport survey
  researchers

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Arenas Shaped by 5th Estate

• Travel and Transport
• Governance and Democracy
• Press and Media
• Business and Commerce
• Work and the Organization
• Education
• Research

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Threats to the Fifth Estate

• 1st Estate Clergy -- todays public
  intellectual Culture of Amateurism
• 2nd Estate Nobility -- economic elites,
  Edisons of the Digital Age
• 3rd Estate Commons -- Government Internet
  Filtering, Regulation
• 4th Estate Press -- Co-opting, Imitating,
  Competing
• The Mob -- Malicious Use of the Internet,
  Undermining Trust and Confidence

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Increasing Concerns over Privacy
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Evidence A Pattern of Findings

• Non-Trivial -- Central but Divided Infrastructure
• Enabling Networked Individuals
• Space of Flows Not Dependent on Universal Access
• Trust in an Experience Technology
• Institutional Arenas and the Fifth Estate
• Threats to the Fifth Estate

The Emergence of a Fifth Estate
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Reconfiguring Access Relevance to Transport
Survey Researchers

• Transport Users and Providers
• Reshaping the Industry
• The Emergence of a 5th Estate
• 2. Transport Researchers
• Advances in e-Research
• Certainty Trough or Experience Technology

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The Diffusion of e-ResearchParticipants,
Spectators and the Disengaged

• Oxford e-Social Science Node
• of UK National Centre for eSocial Science
• Case Studies of e-Science Legal, Ethical,
  Social Issues
• Survey on Awareness of e-Social Science

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Certainty Trough
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Sample
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Disciplines
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Interest in e-Social Science Initiatives
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Researcher Type Clusters
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Year of Degree
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Perspective on e-Research
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Methodological Approaches
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Use of Tools
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Use of Data Sets
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Coding and Designing Applications
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Collaboration with other Researchers
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Collaboration Tools
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Attitudes towards e-Research (I)
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Attitudes towards e-Research (II)
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Attitudes towards e-Research (III)
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Uncertainty towards e-Research by Proximity
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Support to e-Research by Proximity
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Reconfiguring Access

• Enabling New Forms of Social Accountability and
  Collaborative Network Organizations (a Fifth
  Estate)
• Experience Shaping the Diffusion of e-Research
  and the Internet

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Reconfiguring AccessIssues for Transport
Users, Providers, and e-Researchers

• William Dutton
• Oxford Internet Institute (OII)
• University of Oxford
• www.ox.ac.uk

Presentation for the 8th International Conference
on Survey Methods in Transport, Annecy, France,
25-31 May 2008.
49
Researcher Type Clusters
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Uncertainty towards e-Research by Perspective
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Support to e-Research by Perspective
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Proximity to e-Research by Perspective
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Use of Analysis Software
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Use of Software (I)
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Use of Software (II)