Robert Eisenstein - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 48
About This Presentation
Title:

Robert Eisenstein

Description:

Robert Eisenstein – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:45
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 49
Provided by: lauren95
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Robert Eisenstein


1
The Santa Fe Institute Celebrating 20 Years of
Scientific Excellence
  • Robert Eisenstein
  • Santa Fe Institute
  • June 23, 2004

2
History of the Santa Fe Institute
  • Begun in 1984, SFI is a private, independent,
    not-for-profit research and education center.
  • Founders include
  • George Cowan (Founding President)
  • Ken Arrow (Nobel Laureate - Economics)
  • Phil Anderson (Nobel Laureate - Physics)
  • Murray Gell-Mann (Nobel Laureate - Physics)

3
(No Transcript)
4
(No Transcript)
5
The Santa Fe Institute A Small Place with Big
Ideas
Ellen Goldberg
Ed Knapp
George Cowan
6
(No Transcript)
7
(No Transcript)
8
(No Transcript)
9
SFI is a Unique Institution
  • SFI research is entirely interdisciplinary,
    covering potentially all scientific disciplines.
  • SFI research focuses mainly on mathematical and
    computational modeling.
  • Education of young people is a major
    responsibility.
  • SFI has no laboratories or departments.
  • SFI has no permanent scientific staff (no
    tenure).
  • SFI has strong connections to the business world.

10
(No Transcript)
11
What Does SFI Do?
  • SFI emphasizes interdisciplinary scientific
    inquiry that is often based on complex systems
    analysis.
  • SFI attracts visionary scientists and students
    from around the world.
  • SFI disseminates its findings in the public
    domain via the Web, paper publications,
    book-length monographs and public seminars.

12
COMPLEXITY
Quarks/Leptons
Protons/Neutrons
Helium
Heavy Elements
Emergence
Atoms
Molecules
Amino Acids
Simple Life Forms
Fish
Mammals
Early Man
Mind/Consciousness
Language
Human Social Behavior
Reductionism
SIMPLICITY
13
(No Transcript)
14
Multidisciplinary Collaborations
15
(No Transcript)
16
Some Science Impacts from SFI
  • Scaling as a way to understand complex behavior
  • Aspects of non-linear dynamics
  • Aspects of network dynamics
  • Agent-based modeling
  • Modeling economic and social interactions
  • The economy as a complex system
  • Theoretical biology and immunology
  • Studies on the origin of language and cultures
  • Innovation, Evolution, Robustness

17
Allometric Scaling in Living Systems (J. Brown,
G. West, B. Enquist)
B B0M3/4
18
Allometric Scaling in Living Systems (J. Brown,
G. West, B. Enquist)
19
Allometric Scaling in Living Systems (J. Brown,
G. West, B. Enquist)
  • At all scales, life is sustained by hierarchical
    fractal-like branching network systems (e.g.
    circulatory, respiratory, neural, mitochondrial
    networks).
  • These networks are space-filling (i.e. they must
    reach all cells in the organism).
  • Their terminal branch units (e.g. capillaries)
    are the same size within a given taxonomic group.
  • Natural selection has optimized these networks
    (e.g. cardiac output is minimized).

20
The Future of Research in Scaling
21
The Spread of Infectious Diseases Through Contact
Networks Prediction and Control (Lauren A.
Meyers and Collaborators)
  • Predict the the size and demographics of disease
    outbreaks
  • Determine the best control strategies to stop the
    spread of disease
  • Experiments with real people are often impossible
    or unethical
  • Mathematical models allow us to conduct such
    experiments virtually

22
The Traditional Approach Compartmental Models
23
What Do We Do With These Networks?
We use them to predict the spread of infectious
diseases and compare control and prevention
strategies.
  • Three-step process
  • Build a realistic contact network
  • Predict the spread of disease through the network
  • Quantify the impact of intervention

24
Building Realistic Networks
Hospital, healthcare institution, nursing home,
school, college campus, military facility, cruise
ship, airplane, airport, apartment complex, city,
metropolitan area, state, larger geographic
region,
25
Predicting Epidemics
  • We can mathematically predict other important
    quantities such as
  • Epidemic threshold
  • Size of a small outbreak
  • Probability of a large-scale epidemic
  • Size of a large-scale epidemic (should one
    occur)
  • Risk of an epidemic as a function of
  • number of cases in initial cluster
  • contact behavior of initial cases
  • Risk of infection for
  • an individual
  • a sector of the population

26
Six Degrees(Duncan Watts)
27
(No Transcript)
28
Explaining Regularities In Financial Markets
Using Methods From Physics And Ecology
Doyne Farmer, Marcus Daniels, Laszlo Gillemot,
Szabolcs Mike, Paolo Patelli, Anindya Sen, Ilija
Zovko
  • Research supported by
  • McDonnell Foundation
  • McKinsey Company
  • Credit Suisse First Boston
  • Bill Miller
  • Bob Maxfield

29
Financial Markets Exhibit Many Striking
Statistical Properties
  • A good example is clustered volatility
  • The size of price changes on one day is
    correlated with price changes on previous days
  • Most large price changes are not driven by news
    arrival

30
(No Transcript)
31
(No Transcript)
32
The SFI Approach
  • Model the dynamics of market institutions
  • Order placement and price formation in the
    continuous double auction
  • Start by using zero-intelligence random process
    agent models, then add intelligence.
  • Opposite to usual approach in economics
  • Strategies with bounded intelligence give rise to
    diverse specialized agents forming an ecology of
    arbitrage.
  • Test hypotheses with large data set from London
    Stock Exchange (350M records).

33
Future Work
  • Agent-based simulations are in progress.
  • Studying the effect of evolving an ecology of
    intelligent strategies. Goals are to find
    statistical laws relating prices to other market
    properties, and understand what depends on agent
    strategy vs. what is dictated by market
    institutions.
  • Bigger agenda microcosm to study social
    evolution.

34
(No Transcript)
35
(No Transcript)
36
SFI Prize for Scientific Excellence 2004
Recipients
Reyna Banteah Aaron Lenihan Zach Wiley Trevor
Brennan Siona Curtis-Briley Molly Rapoport Thales
Ramier Nathaniel Schneider Eric Streepner Ian
Frank
37
Adventures in Modeling Project SFI and MIT
Goals are to help teachers transform the way they
teach science and to engage students in real
science practice by giving them the tools and the
ability to pose, investigate, and answer their
own questions.  Sites have included Santa Fe
High, Capitol High, Ortiz Middle School, and
Santa Fe Boys' and Girls' Club.
  • We introduce teachers and students to the process
    of designing, creating, and analyzing their own
    models of complex, dynamic systems.

38
(No Transcript)
39
Celebrate SFIs 20th Birthday! Saturday, July
24 Santa Fe Childrens Museum 1050 Old Pecos
Trail 10 a.m. - 5 p.m. Free admission For more
information contact Ginny Greninger 946-2747
40
The International Program
  • Works with extended research community both in
    developing nations and throughout the world. It
    provides
  • Fellowships
  • International summer schools
  • Visits to SFI
  • Workshops
  • Other educational opportunities
  • International Complex Systems Summer Schools
  • Budapest, 2001 and 2002
  • Qingdao, China 2004
  • Recent International Workshops
  • Complexity Science in Eastern Europe (Leipzig)
  • Evolutionary Innovation (Prague)
  • Dynamics of Networks Spatially Extended Systems
    (Calcutta)
  • Studies of Socio-Natural Co-Evolution from
    Different Parts of the World (Novosibirsk)
  • Intervention and Adaptation in Complex Systems
    (Beijing)
  • Obstacles to Robust Negotiated Settlements of
    Civil Conflicts (Bogota)


41
Future Opportunities
  • Are there fundamental laws of biology?
  • Complexity, entropy, and the physics of
    information.
  • Can one model innovation? Robustness? Evolution?
  • Towards a quantitative theory of human brain
    development.
  • How did human languages evolve?
  • Understanding civil conflict through study of
    model systems.
  • Simulation of interactions between earth and
    human systems.

42
Fundamental Biology
  • Are there fundamental laws of biology?
  • Scaling in biological and ecological systems
  • Basic metabolic processes (e.g. Krebs cycle)
  • How do biological systems store, retrieve and use
    information?
  • How do cells compute?
  • What accounts for the size of the human genome?
  • What is the role of junk DNA?
  • How do cells perform error correction?
  • Can one model innovation? Robustness? Evolution?

43
Large-Scale Simulation Science
  • Modeling the U.S. healthcare system
  • Understanding the national electrical power grid.
  • Designing more intelligent use of water in the
    West.
  • Economic ramifications of agricultural diseases.
  • Modeling the over-fishing of the worlds oceans.
  • Modeling the interface between energy use and
    climate.

44
(No Transcript)
45
Doyne Farmer
Jim Crutchfield
Walter Fontana
46
  • Many institutes and centers, world-wide, are
    studying complexity science.
  • Many US universities have strong
    interdisciplinary centers.

47
Sources of SFI Funding
Corporations
Other Sources
Individual Contributions
Business Network
Federal Agencies
Foundations Corporations
48
SFI should exist in a permanent state of
revolution. Leon Trotsky
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com