starter activity

1
? starter activity
When using picture sources, what are some of the
questions you need to ask about them in order the
assess their historical value? Make a list of
questions with your partner Compare them with the
teachers notes on the next slide.
2
Possible questions

• Who painted the picture what do we know about
  him?
• When was it painted what do we know about that
  period, particularly with regard to who
  controlled artistic production at that time?
• Who commissioned the picture?
• What was the purpose behind the painting of the
  picture?
• How realistic is the painting?
• Who was the intended audience?

3
How significant was Lenins contribution to
history?
4
? Your task

• Study the paintings images on p.124-5 and
  complete the table your teacher gives you.

5
Why did relations between Lenin Stalin
deteriorate?
6
? starter activity
A major stroke in March 1923 left Lenin without
the power of speech. Why was this especially
damaging for someone like Lenin?
7
? Your task

• Read the commentary on p.126-7 and answer these
  questions
• Why was Lenin concerned about Stalin?
• What was the Georgian affair?
• How did Lenin Stalins relationship deteriorate?

8
Lenins concerns

• Stalin accruing power to himself
• Stalins abuse of power in Georgia Soviet
  Republics nicknamed Great Russian Chauvinist

A major stroke in March 1923 left Lenin without
the power of speech. Why was this especially
damaging for someone like Lenin?
9
Georgian affair

• Georgia run by Mensheviks during Civil War
• 1921, Red Army took control
• Stalin accused Bolsheviks of being soft on
  opposition groups
• Stalins approach typical of his view that USSR
  should be governed closely from Moscow
• Nicknamed by Lenin, Great Russia chauvinist

10
Deteriorating relations

• Lenins relationship with Trotsky strengthened
  after Georgian affair
• Lenin intended to restore more democracy to party
• Growing tension between Lenins wife Krupskaya
  Stalin

Lenin with his wife, Krupskaya
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? Your task

• Read the extract from Lenins testament (p.127)
  and list the criticisms of Stalin and the
  positive comments about other members of the
  party.
• Why do you think Lenin produced this document?

12
? starter activity
3.5 million Russians filed past Lenins open
coffin. Why did so many people do this?
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Why did a cult of Lenin emerge after his death?
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? Your task

• Read the commentary and sources 8.2, 8.3 8.6
  and note down any evidence you find that Stalin
  was trying to position himself as Lenins
  successor.

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Lenins funeral

• Stalin encouraged Trotsky to stay away from
  Moscow
• Acted as a pallbearer
• Gave a keynote speech at Lenins funeral
• Orchestrated funeral arrangements, managed Lenin
  cult, e.g. organising collection of relics

Stalin, standing by Lenins coffin
16
? Your task

• Read the commentary on p.128 and sources 8.4
  8.5. Note down examples of the Lenin cult.

Lenins mummified body receiving its annual
moisturising procedure!
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Events surrounding Lenins funeral (1924)

• Widespread mourning shops business closed,
  images of Lenin draped in red black
• 3.5m filed past Lenins coffin
• Stalin stage-managed funeral, e.g. discouraged
  Trotsky from attending, gave a speech at funeral
• Lenins body mummified
• Lenins brain preserved in 30,000 slices
• Memorabilia
• Renaming ceremonies, e.g. Leningrad

Einsteins brain
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? Your task

• Read p.129 and create a scales chart identifying
  the strengths and weaknesses of his personality
  and achievements.

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Strengths

• Organisation leadership skills
• Hardworking 16 hour days!
• Great orator able to simplify difficult
  concepts
• Modest lifestyles, in contrast to other Bolsheviks

Brodksys painting of Lenin at work in the Smolny
Institute
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Weaknesses

• Unforgiving long-running political arguments
  with friends, e.g. Martov
• Ruthless, e.g. massacre of priests at Shuya,
  class warfare against kulaks
• Lacked courage at moments of crisis, e.g. fled to
  Switzerland during
• Autocratic centralisation of govt party

Martov on Lenins left
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? Your task

• Did Lenin deserve the cult the grew up in his
  honour? Write a short judgement paragraph
  summarising your views.

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? starter activity
Try to guess the key question for todays lesson.
Use the pictures to help you.
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Was Lenin the sole architect of the October
Revolution?

• The role of Lenin in starting and sustaining the
  Communist revolution in Russia

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? Your task

• Study the chart on p.132 and list the key
  interventions that Lenin made in helping to
  advance the cause of the Revolution.

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Lenins role in the advancement of Communism

• April Theses forced through despite opposition
  from party
• Pressurised Bolshevik Central Committee into
  staging the October rising
• Insisted on one-party government
• Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
• Re-introduction of traditional hierarchy within
  army
• NEP compromise of Bolshevik principles

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? Your task
Source table

• Did Lenin really make a difference? Analyse the
  views of historians and commentators and complete
  the chart our teacher provides.
• ? Extension task
• Read the learning trouble spot on p.134. What
  additional information does this provide on
  Lenins contribution to the Revolution?

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? Your task

• Write a judgement paragraph in answer to the
  question was Lenin the sole architect of the
  Russian revolution. Include a judgement sentence
  as well as evidence both for and against this
  proposition as well as a final conclusive
  statement.

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