MARPOL Annex VI

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MARPOL Annex VI Compliance and cost
Notes by Zoi Nikopoulou Göteborg, 2008
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Situation

• Rules on emissions
• External pressure on energy resources
• Economic crisis
• Competition
• Long term planning horizon

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MARPOL Annex VI 2008 Amendments
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Alternatives and inquiries
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NOx control Tier IIHumid Air Motor (HAM)

• Emission reduction 70
• Timelife 12,5-25 years depending on materials
• Annual cost 113
• Questions for further reductions
• NOTE Baseline for cost comparisons here after in
  per cent to be same period 1,5s residual,
• capex spread in five years

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NOx control Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)

• Additional VOC and CO features
• Emission reduction 90
• Reactor timelife 3-20 years depending on sulphur
  content in fuel
• Annual cost 111

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SOx control Sea-water scrubber (SWS)

• IFO 1s and 1,5s
• Emission reduction 75 and 83
• Annual cost 117 and 124
• Non-linear consumption of water
• Aeration, basic additive

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Marine Fuels
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Sulphur control Distillates

• MDO
• Sulpur emission reductions 67
• Annual costs 161
• MGO
• Sulphur emission reduction 86
• Annual costs 179

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Natural Gas

• Emission reduction SOx 99,9, NOx 90, PM 97,
  CO2 25
• Annual costs 92
• Shipbuilding cost increase and repay
• Refilling terminals
• Gas market
• Competitive to distillates
• NOTE sample price 0,045Euro/kWh

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Example I passenger ship26MW4000hours/year1,5s
residual
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Example II general cargo3,2MW5500hours1,5s
residual
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Thank you