MARPOL 7378 Annex VI

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MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI

• Regulations for
• the Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships

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Ratification Process

• Protocol Requirements for entry into force
• The Protocol is Ratified by 15 signature States
  to MARPOL with a combined tonnage of 50 of World
  tonnage
• The Current Status of Ratification is by 22
  Countries (Signatories of MARPOL Convention)
• The Protocol was fully ratified in accordance
  with requirements on 18th May 2004 and has
  ENTERED INTO FORCE on
• 19th MAY 2005

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Flag States Party to the Protocol

• Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados,
  Bulgaria, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, Germany,
  Greece, Japan, Liberia, Marshall Islands, Norway,
  Panama, St Kitts and Nevis, Samoa, Singapore,
  Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, Vanuatu.

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Non-Parties to the ProtocolWhat happens then?

• All Ships are to comply irrespective of Flag
  State Article 5, para 4 of MARPOL Convention
  no more favourable treatment
• No PSC inspections unless Port State laws apply
  and allow e.g. EU Directive.
• Bunker Delivery documentation and sample here
  is the difficulty FSI 13 and MEPC 53.

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Why MARPOL Annex VI?

• Emission Gases from Ships
• Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) create Ozone
• Sulphur Oxides (SOx) create acidification
• Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is a GHG
• Carbon Monoxide (CO)
• Hydrocarbons (HC) gas, soot and some
  particulates
• The concentration of the differing exhaust gases
  is variable according to the engine type, engine
  settings and fuel type.

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Overview of Content

• The Regulations in the Protocol
• The NOx Technical Code
• The Supporting Guidelines

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The Regulations

• There are 19 Regulations but the following
  Regulations will impact Vessel operation for ALL
  VESSELS ABOVE 400 grt
• Regulation 12 Ozone Depleting Substances
• Regulation 13 NOx emissions
• Regulation 14 Sulphur Oxide emissions
• Regulation 15 VOC emissions
• Regulation 16 Shipboard Incinerators
• Regulation 18 Fuel Oil Quality control

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Regulation 12 Ozone Depleting Substances

• Deliberate Emissions of Ozone Depleting
  Substances (HFCs) are prohibited
• New installations can only use HCFCs
  (hydrochlorofluorocarbons) until 1st Jan 2020.
• These substances, when removed from ships, must
  be delivered to reception facilities

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Regulation 13 NOx

• For all Engines (except emergency engines)
  installed on ships after 1st January 2000 of more
  than 130 kW must comply to this Regulation.
• The NOx emission is limited to 17 g/kW h for
  engines operating at 130 rpm but reducing to 9.8
  g/kW h for 2000 rpm. Between these revs the
  limit is designated by equation
• 45 n(-0.2) g/kW h
• Existing engines can become a new engine if
  substantially modified.

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Regulation 13 - NOx

• Regulation 13 requirements are fully defined by
  the NOx Technical Code recommended technical
  reading.
• Certification of the engine on manufacture and
  checked on installation for settings
• Certificates required for Ships EIAPP IAPP
• PSC Inspection of the engine by
• Parameter Check method (Engine Technical File)
• Simplified measurement method

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Regulation 14 - SOx

• The Worldwide sulphur cap on fuel oil is set at
  4.5.
• Sulphur Emission Control areas (SECAs)
• Areas Baltic, North Sea and English Channel
• Sulphur Level of fuel 1.5 or
• Alternatively use an exhaust gas cleaning system
• Ship must have cleared all pipe systems and tanks
  and be using low sulphur fuel on entry
• Regulations for the 1st SECA comes into force on
  19th May 2006.

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Shipboard Procedures for SECAs

• Plan in advance for entry and enter commencement
  date of preparation in Logbook together with
  bunker type quantities onboard.
• Logbook entry when entry requirements met and
  entry into SECA - remember Lat. Long., date
  and time, together with bunker figures for each
  tank.
• Maintain daily record of bunker use and
  quantification of bunker tanks whilst in SECA.
• DO NOT COMMENCE SHIFT TO HIGH SULPHUR FUEL UNTIL
  EXIT FROM SECA. Log existing conditions for
  bunkers and Lat. Long. with date and time.

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Regulation 15 - VOCs

• Subject to individual terminal regulations
  tankers may have to be equipped with Vapour
  return manifold.
• Notification of VOC control by a port to the IMO
  shall be 6 months before enforcement.
• Tankers can be can accept tankers upto 3 years
  after the date of VOC control enforcement by the
  Terminal.
• The standard for the design of VOC return
  manifold and operation is contained in
  MSC/Circ.585.

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Regulation 16 - Incinerators

• Incinerators installed after 1st Jan 2000 to meet
  regulations and must certified to meet the
  specifications in MEPC Resolution 76(40)
  (Appendix IV of Annex VI).
• Each incinerator must have a manufacturers
  operations manual.
• Crew responsible for the incinerator operation
  shall be trained and follow the operations manual.

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Regulation 16 Use of Incinerators

• The following substances are prohibited from
  incineration
• Annex I, II and III cargo residues and related
  packing material.
• PCBs.
• Garbage as defined by Annex V containing heavy
  metals.
• Petroleum Products containing halogens.
• PVC can only be incinerated in type approved
  incinerators.
• Flue gas temperatures shall be monitored and not
  less than 850 deg C for continuous feed and reach
  600 deg C within 5 minutes for batch feed.

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Regulation 18 Fuel Oil Quality

• Fuel oil shall be blends of hydrocarbons derived
  from petroleum refining
• Fuel oil shall be free from inorganic acid
• Fuel oil shall not include any added substance
  or chemical waste which either
• Jeopardises the safety of ships or adversely
  affects the performance of the machinery, or
• Is harmful to personnel, or
• Contributes overall to additional air pollution

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Regulation 18 Fuel Oil Quality

• Bunker Delivery Note (BDN)
• Becomes a Statutory document
• Must be kept on board for 3 years for inspection
  and a copy may be taken for further examination
  by PSC.
• Must contain all data required by Appendix V
• Name and IMO number of vessel
• Port
• Date of Commencement of delivery
• Details of fuel oil supplier
• Product name, quantity , Density at 15 0C and
  Sulphur content m/m
• A declaration that fuel supplied meets Regulation
  14 and 18 requirements

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Regulation 18 Fuel Oil Quality

• Fuel Oil Sampling
• A sealed sample meeting the requirements in
  associated guidelines has to supplied to the ship
  by the bunker supplier
• For each individual BDN a sample has to be taken
  at the vessels bunker receiving manifold. (see
  procedure in associated guidelines) ISM
  Manuals ??
• The sample label has to be signed by both the
  bunker suppliers representative and the vessels
  Chief Engineer.
• The sample size shall be not less than 400 mls
• The sample is not to be used for any commercial
  purpose
• The sample is to be retained on board for at
  least 1 year for inspection by PSC as required

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Shipboard Procedures for BDN and Samples

• Adequate bunker manifold location for sampler
  attachment
• External safe storage location for samples for 1
  year period
• Log book for sample retention and custody
  transfer
• Safe storage for BDNs and other documents
  relating to bunkering onboard

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Port/Flag State Control Guidelines

• Proposed Guidelines from FSI 13 for MEPC 53
  approval.
• Initial inspections and Primary survey parameters
  then Clear Grounds for in-depth inspections
• In depth inspection parameters
• Detainable deficiencies
• Non-Party ship inspections

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Other Gas Emission Requirements

• Greenhouse Gas Emissions
• Greenhouse Gas Emission Indexing of Ships
• CO2 Equation used for Voyage Calculations
• C. Con. Factor FCi / (M Cargoi Dist i )
• Where
• C. Con Factor for HFO 3.11
• C. Con Factor for MDO 3.17
• Distance Loaded Ballast distance (nm)

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Other Regional Regulations

• United States of America
• NOx Regulations applicable only to US flagged
  ships
• California Air Resources Board (CARB)
• European Union Directive 1999/32
• Current Directive in force from July 2000
• Subject to extension and amendments and due to
  come into force 2005

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The Future Crystal Ball time!!

• Due to the introduction of new engine technology
  e.g. HAM pressure for further reduction in
  NOx emissions
• International and Regional pressure for further
  reduction in SOx emissions
• Introduction of Particulate emission control
• Further considerations for VOC control

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