Nationalist Revolution Sweeps the West

1
Nationalist Revolution Sweeps the West

• Chapter 8

2
Chapter 8.1

• Latin Americans Win Independence

3
Colonial Society Divided

• Race and Class System
• Latin America has social classes that determine
  job and authority
• Peninsulares Born in Spain, the head the
  colonial government , society

4

• Creoles American born Spaniards who can become
  army officers
• Mestizos have both European and Native ancestry

5

• Mulattos have both European and African
  ancestry Slaves,
• Indians at the bottom of security

6
Revolution in the Americas

• Haiti is first Latin American territory to gain
  freedom from colonial master
• Slave revolt in 1791 led by Toussaint LOuverture

7

• Santo Domingue declares independence in 1803 and
  is renamed Haiti
• First black colony to win independence

8
Creoles Lead Independence

• Inspired by the enlightenment, Latin American
  revolutionaries fight for independence

9

• Simon Bolivar Wealthy Creole leads Venezuela in
  revolution
• Jose de San Martin leader of Argentinean
  revolutionary forces

10

• Bolivar Venezuela declares independence in
  1811, Bolivar wins war by 1821
• San Martin Argentina independence in 1816, San
  Martin helps free Chile

11

• Bolivars and San Martins forces drive Spanish
  out of Peru in 1824

12
Mexican Independence

• Padre Miguel Hidalgo Priest who launches
  Mexican revolt in 1810 leads 80,000 Indian and
  mestizo followers on Mexico City

13

• Jose Maria Morelos leads revolt after Hidalgos
  defeat, but loses
• Mexican creoles react, declare Mexico independent
  in 1821, Central America breaks away from Mexico
  in 1823

14
Brazils Royal Liberator

• Bloodless Revolution Napoleon invades Portugal
  causing royal family to move to Brazil in 1807
• Portuguese court returns to Portugal after
  Napoleons defeat in 1815

15

• Portuguese Prince Dom Pedro stays behind in
  Brazil
• Accepts Brazillians request to rule their new
  country
• Official declaration of independence in September
  of 1822

16

• By 1830, nearly all Latin American regions win
  independence