Bell Work Tuesday 3/25

1
Bell WorkTuesday 3/25

• Look in your book beginning on page 681 and
  begin reading to find the answers
• 1. How was Spanish colonial society structured?
• 2. How did the Haitian Revolution differ from
  other revolutions in Latin America?
• 3.) Which group led the quest for Mexican
  independence?

2
Nationalist Revolutions Sweep the West

• Chapter 24

3
Section 1-Latin American People Win Independence
4
Central and South America
5
Colonial Society Divided

• In Latin American society, class dictated
  peoples place in society
• PeninsularesSpaniards born on the Iberian
  peninsula, they were the only ones able to hold
  high office in the colonial government
• Creoles-Spaniards born in Latin America
• Could not hold high-level office but could rise
  in rank in the army
• Mestizos-People of mixed European and Indian
  ancestry
• Mulattos-People of European and African ancestry

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Revolutions in America

• Revolution in Haiti-
• Saint Domingue (Haiti) was the 1st Latin
  territory to free itself from European rule
• Toussaint LOuverture led the revolution until he
  was sent to a French prison
• Jean-Jacques Dessalines declared them independent
  on January 1, 1804
• Haiti means mountainous land
  

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Creoles Lead Independence

• Creoles-
• Least oppressed of those in Latin American and
  the best educated
• Brought ideas of the enlightenment back from
  Europe
• The South American Wars of independence rested on
  the achievements of Simon Bolivar and Jose de San
  Martin

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Creoles Lead Independence

• Simon Bolivar
• August 1819-Bolivar led 2,000 soldiers through
  the Andes and won a surprise victory
• 1821-Bolivar won Venezuelas independence and
  marched into Ecuador where he met San Martin
• Jose de San Martin
• 1817-San Martin helped free Chile
• Gran Colombia-The future countries of Venezuela,
  Colombia, Panama, and Ecuador united to form one
  country

9
Mexico Ends Spanish Rule

• Miguel Hidalgo-
• A priest from Dolores who took the first step
  towards Mexicos independence
• Poor but well educated man who supported the
  enlightenment
• Sept. 16th, 1810-Hidalgo rang the bells from his
  church and called for the rebellion
• He and his 80,000 man army were defeated

10
Mexico Ends Spanish Rule

• Mexicos Independence-
• 1820-Mexicos creoles feared the loss of their
  privileges
• They united in their support of Mexicos
  independence and in 1821gained it
• Central Americas Independence-
• 1823-Central America declared their independence
  from Mexico, taking the name the United Provinces
  of Central America

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Brazils Royal Liberator

• Brazils Quest for Independence-
• Brazil declared their independence without blood
  shed
• They also had help from Portugal's royal family
• 1822-8,000 Brazilians signed a petition to have
  Dom Pedro rule Brazil
• He agreed and Brazil received their independence

12
Bell WorkWednesday 4/01

• Look in your book beginning on page 687
  and begin reading to find the answers
• 1. How do Radical ideas differ from Liberal
  ideas?
• 2. Why did Frances Third Republic fail?
• 3. What was the driving force behind Russias
  industrial expansion?

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SSR Log Wednesday 3/26

• Please sit quietly with your desks cleared and
  have your pencil/pen ready for SSR

14
SSR Log Wednesday 3/26

• Please take two minutes to discuss our SSR
  article with your table mates.
• When you receive your SSR Meta-cognitive log
  please read the directions and select and circle
  five sentence stems to help complete the activity

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Section 2-Europe Faces Revolution
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Clash of Philosophies

• Conservative-Argued for the protection of the
  traditional monarchies
• Usually made up of wealthy land owners
• Liberal-Wanted to give more power to elect
  parliament (only landowners could vote)
• Made up of middle-class business leaders and
  merchants
• Radical-Favored drastic changes to extend
  democracy to all people
• Believed that gov. should practice liberty,
  equality and brotherhood

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Nationalism Develops

• Nationalism-A belief that a persons greatest
  loyalty should be to a nation of people who share
  a common culture and history, not to a king
• Most who supported this were liberals or radicals
  
• Nation-State-A nation with its own independent
  government
• In 1815 only France, England and Spain could be
  considered nation states

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Nationalists Challenge Conservative Power

• Greeks Gain Independence-
• 1st people to win self-rule from the Ottoman
  Empire
• 1827 France, Britain and Russia helped the Greeks
  defeat the Ottomans in the Battle of Navarino
• 1830 France, Britain and Russia signed a treaty
  guaranteeing the independent kingdom of Greece

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Radicals Change France

• The Third Republic-
• After Louis-Philippe was removed from power in
  1848 the new republican gov. was split into
  factions
• One side wanted political reform the other social
  and economic
• Dec 1848-Louis-Napoleon was elected president
• He rebuilt roads, encouraged industrialization,
  and ambitious public works programs

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Reform in Russia

• Defeat Brings Change-
• As the 1850s approached Russia still was behind
  industrially
• Alexander II moved the country towards
  modernization and social change
• He felt this would allow Russia to compete as a
  world power
• Reform and Reaction-
• Alexander II abolished serfdom in 1861
• Gave nobles half the land yet made the serfs buy
  theirs
• Nationalism under Alexander III encouraged
  industrial development of Russia

21
Chapter 24-Section 1 Terms
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Chapter 24-Section 2 Terms
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Bell WorkThursday 4/02

• Look in your book beginning on page 692 and
  begin reading to find the answers
• 1. Which aging empires suffered from the forces
  of nationalism?
• 2. What role did Garibaldi play in the
  unification of Italy?
• 3. What advantages did Prussia have in leading
  the German states to unification?

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Section 3-Nationalism
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Case Study Italy Cavour Unites Italy

• Cavour Leads Italy to Independence
• Camillo di Cavour-
• Prime Minister of Sardinia
• Felt that the only obstacle to annexing Northern
  Italy was Austria
• 1858 Napoleon III agreed to help, and Sardinia
  conquered all of Italy except the city of
  Venetia.

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Case Study Italy Cavour Unites Italy

• Garibaldi Brings Unity-
• Giuseppe Garibaldi-
• May 1860, led a small group of fighter and
  captured Sicily
• Always wore bright red shirts into battle so they
  were nicknamed the Redshirts
• Between 1870 and 1886 Italian forces took control
  of Venice and the Papal states
• The addition of Rome completed the assembly of
  the united kingdoms of Italy

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Case Study Germany Bismarck Unites Germany

• 1815-39 German states united to form the German
  Confederation
• Although Austria dominated the confederation
  Prussia was ready to unify them
• Bismarck Takes Control-
• Otto von Bismarck serves as the prime minister of
  Germany and was considered master of realpolitik
  ( meaning politics of reality)

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Case Study Germany Bismarck Unites Germany

• The Franco-Prussian War
• Bismarck reasoned that war with an outside force
  could rally the support of Southern Catholics in
  Germany towards protestant Prussia
• He gave the impression that the French ambassador
  insulted the Prussian King
• France in turn declared war on Prussia on July
  19, 1870
• Hunger forced the Parisians (citizens in Paris
  France) to surrender

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Case Study Germany Bismarck Unites Germany

• The Franco-Prussian War was the last step in
  German unification
• Jan 18th, 1871King William I of Prussia was
  crowned Kaiser (Means emperor)
• Germans called the empire the Second Reich

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Thinking Map-Chapter 24 Sections 1-3

• Tree Map-Chapter 24 Section 1 and 2 Terms
• Bubble Map-Nation States in Europe by 1815
• Brace Map-Louis-Napoleons Accomplishments as
  President
• Circle Map-The Four Countries that Formed Gran
  Columbia

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Chapter 24 Section 1-3 Quiz Review
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Chapter 24 Section 1-3 Quiz Review
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Chapter 24 Section 1-3 Quiz Review
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Chapter 24 Section 1-3 Quiz Review
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Chapter 24 Section 1-3 Quiz Review