International Center for Leadership in Education

1
International Center for Leadership in Education
Rigor and RelevanceFor ALL StudentsJune 5, 2009

• Dr. Willard R. Daggett

2
International Center Finding

• Nations top performing
• Nations most rapidly improving

3
Application Model

• 1. Knowledge in one discipline
• 2. Application within discipline
• 3. Application across disciplines
• 4. Application to real-world predictable
  situations
• 5. Application to real-world unpredictable
  situations

4
Rigor/Relevance For All Students
5
Knowledge Taxonomy

• 1. Awareness
• 2. Comprehension
• 3. Application
• 4. Analysis
• 5. Synthesis
• 6. Evaluation

6
Application Model

• 1. Knowledge in one discipline
• 2. Application within discipline
• 3. Application across disciplines
• 4. Application to real-world predictable
  situations
• 5. Application to real-world unpredictable
  situations

7
Levels
Blooms
C D A B
6
5
4
3
2
1 2 3 4 5
1
Application
8
Rigor/Relevance Framework
6

• Obtain historical data about local weather to
  predict the chance of snow, rain, or sun during
  year.
• Test consumer products and illustrate the data
  graphically.
• Plan a large school event and calculate resources
  (food, decorations, etc.) you need to organize
  and hold this event.
• Make a scale drawing of the classroom on grid
  paper, each group using a different scale.

• Analyze the graphs of the perimeters and areas of
  squares having different-length sides.
• Determine the largest rectangular area for a
  fixed perimeter.
• Identify coordinates for ordered pairs that
  satisfy an algebraic relation or function.
• Determine and justify the similarity or
  congruence for two geometric shapes.

D
C
5
4
3

• Calculate percentages of advertising in a
  newspaper.
• Tour the school building and identify examples of
  parallel and perpendicular lines, planes, and
  angles.
• Determine the median and mode of real data
  displayed in a histogram
• Organize and display collected data, using
  appropriate tables, charts, or graphs.

• Express probabilities as fractions, percents, or
  decimals.
• Classify triangles according to angle size and/or
  length of sides.
• Calculate volume of simple three- dimensional
  shapes.
• Given the coordinates of a quadrilateral, plot
  the quadrilateral on a grid.

2
B
A
1
1
2
3
4
5
9
Rigor/Relevance Framework
6

• Obtain historical data about local weather to
  predict the chance of snow, rain, or sun during
  year.
• Test consumer products and illustrate the data
  graphically.
• Plan a large school event and calculate resources
  (food, decorations, etc.) you need to organize
  and hold this event.
• Make a scale drawing of the classroom on grid
  paper, each group using a different scale.

• Analyze the graphs of the perimeters and areas of
  squares having different-length sides.
• Determine the largest rectangular area for a
  fixed perimeter.
• Identify coordinates for ordered pairs that
  satisfy an algebraic relation or function.
• Determine and justify the similarity or
  congruence for two geometric shapes.

D
C

• Express probabilities as fractions, percents, or
  decimals.
• Classify triangles according to angle size and/or
  length of sides.
• Calculate volume of simple three- dimensional
  shapes.
• Given the coordinates of a quadrilateral, plot
  the quadrilateral on a grid.

5
4
3

• Calculate percentages of advertising in a
  newspaper.
• Tour the school building and identify examples of
  parallel and perpendicular lines, planes, and
  angles.
• Determine the median and mode of real data
  displayed in a histogram
• Organize and display collected data, using
  appropriate tables, charts, or graphs.

2
B
A
1
1
2
3
4
5
10
Rigor/Relevance Framework
6

• Obtain historical data about local weather to
  predict the chance of snow, rain, or sun during
  year.
• Test consumer products and illustrate the data
  graphically.
• Plan a large school event and calculate resources
  (food, decorations, etc.) you need to organize
  and hold this event.
• Make a scale drawing of the classroom on grid
  paper, each group using a different scale.

• Analyze the graphs of the perimeters and areas of
  squares having different-length sides.
• Determine the largest rectangular area for a
  fixed perimeter.
• Identify coordinates for ordered pairs that
  satisfy an algebraic relation or function.
• Determine and justify the similarity or
  congruence for two geometric shapes.

• Calculate percentages of advertising in a
  newspaper.
• Tour the school building and identify examples of
  parallel and perpendicular lines, planes, and
  angles.
• Determine the median and mode of real data
  displayed in a histogram.
• Organize and display collected data, using
  appropriate tables, charts, or graphs.

D
C
5
4
3

• Express probabilities as fractions, percents, or
  decimals.
• Classify triangles according to angle size and/or
  length of sides.
• Calculate volume of simple three- dimensional
  shapes.
• Given the coordinates of a quadrilateral, plot
  the quadrilateral on a grid.

2
B
A
1
1
2
3
4
5
11
Levels
Blooms
C D A B
6
5
4
3
2
1 2 3 4 5
1
Application
12
Rigor/Relevance Framework
D
C
3
B
A

• Calculate with numbers, including decimals,
  ratios, percents, and fractions.
• Understand two-dimensional motion and
  trajectories by separating the motion of an
  object into x and y components.

2
1
1
2
3
4
5
13
Rigor/Relevance Framework
D
C
3
B
A

• Calculate with numbers, including decimals,
  ratios, percents, and fractions.
• Understand two-dimensional motion and
  trajectories by separating the motion of an
  object into x and y components.

2
1
1
2
3
4
5
14
Rigor/Relevance Framework
D
C
3
B
A

• Know the characteristics and phenomena of sound
  waves and light waves.
• Understand the effect of sounds, words, and
  imagery on a listening audience.

2
1
1
2
3
4
5
15
Components of School Excellence
16
Components of School Excellence
1. Create a Culture to Support RR R For ALL
Students
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The Challenges

• 1. Greater demand for improved student
  performance
• 2. Fewer Resources
• 3. More complex group of Students

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The Financial Challenges

• 1. A nation of consumers

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U.S. 2nd Half of 20th Century

• Only Superpower
• Highest per Capita Income
• 1st in Economic Growth
• 5 of Population gt 24 of Consumption

Source National Academy of Science 2007
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Wal Mart

• Largest Corporation
• 8 times Size of Microsoft
• 2 of GDP
• 1.4 Million Employees
• More Employees than
• GM, Ford, G.E. and IBM Combined

Source The Post-American World
21
China today exports in a single day more than
exported in all of 1978.
Source The Rise of India and China . . .
22
Savings Rate

• 1. India -- 25
• 2. Japan -- 28
• 3. Korea -- 30
• 4. China -- 50
• 5. United States -- (-4)

23
The Financial Challenges

• A nation of consumers
• Global competition

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Market Penetration

• China -- 10
• India-- 3
• United States -- 87

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Chinese Science
Source Ed Week 6/6/07
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Interconnected Global Economy
Asia
Europe
U.S.
Asia
U.S.
Europe
27
World Economy

• Early 1900s
• U.S.
• Europe

• Early 1980s
• U.S.
• Japan

• Early 2009
• U.S.
• China

• Early 2020
• Viet Nam
• Argentina
• Brazil
• Indonesia
• Panama

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The Financial Challenges

• A nation of consumers
• Global competition
• Economic crisis

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The Cliff
30
Sub Prime Mortgage Crisis
Sub Prime Mortgage
Value
Value of Homes
Time
31
Stimulus
Stimulus
Value
The Cliff
Crisis
Economy
Time
32
Other Sectors of the Economy

• Auto
• Real Estate
• 3. Airlines

33
The Financial Challenges

• A nation of consumers
• Global competition
• Economic crisis
• Entitlements/Tax obligation

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Dependence on Others

• If China pulls out then interest rates will rise
  quickly and hyper inflation will occur
• Then India, Saudi Arabia, Russia, etc. would
  follow

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Global Society

• Who will stay and who will leave

46

• This generation of young people may be the first
  generation of Americans since the Great
  Depression to have less than their parents
  generation
• Do you think they are prepared to accept that

47
The Challenges

• 1. Greater demand for improved student
  performance
• 2. Fewer Resources
• 3. The gaps

48
If Gaps were closed

• 1.3 - 2.3 trillion annually (9 -16 of GDP)

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Gap

• 1. U.S. to other nations

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PISA Rankings OECD Countries
SOURCE McKinsey Company
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PISA Rankings OECD Countries
SOURCE McKinsey Company
52
SOURCE OECD 2006, McKinsey Company
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U.S. vs. World Highest Performing Nations

• Compared highest performing TIMSS nation (Hong
  Kong, Singapore, Japan etc) to highest performing
  U.S. states on NAEP (Massachusetts) in
  Mathematics
• Finding highest performing nations assessments
  are
• More multi-step problems, problem solving, etc
• More on numbers and measurement -- less on
  algebra and geometry -more B and D
• United States
• more standards
• U.S. more A and C
• more short answer questions

Source American Institute for Research
54
International Gap

• U.S. ahead in 4th grade
• U.S. competitive in 8th grade
• U.S. near bottom in 12th grade

Source McKinsey and Company
55
U.S. is slipping internationally

• 14th college and university graduation rate (1995
  we were 1st)

56
Gap

• 1. U.S. to other nations
• 2. Income and Ethnic groups in U.S.

57
SOURCE USDOE, NCES, NAEP, McKinsey Company
58
Income-based Gap Persists from Primary School
through College
SOURCE NCES, NAEP, McKinsey Company
59
Income-based Gap Persists from Primary School
through College
SOURCE NCES, NAEP, McKinsey Company
60
Income-based Gap Persists from Primary School
through College
SOURCE NCES, NAEP, McKinsey Company
61
Average Earnings Rise with Higher Attainment
Source Smart Investments in Minnesotas
Students, Growth Justice, College Board

62
Widespread Gains for Each Additional High
School Graduate
1,059,500
475,000
251,900

Source Smart Investments in Minnesotas
Students, Growth Justice
63
Changing Demographics

• 47 of children under 5 are minorities
• Median age of Hispanics is 27.7
• Median Age of non-Hispanic whites is 41.1

Source U.S. Census Bureau
64
Gap

• 1. U.S. to other nations
• 2. Income and Ethic groups in U.S.
• 3. Geographic locations in U.S.

65
The Achievement Gap by Zip Code

• Graduation rate in 50 largest cities 53
• Graduation rate in suburbs 71
• City of Cleveland 38 vs. Cleveland Suburbs 80
• NYC 54 vs. Suburbs 83

Source U.S. Census Bureau
66
ProficiencyGrade 4 Reading
67
ProficiencyGrade 4 Reading
68
ProficiencyGrade 8 Reading
69
ProficiencyGrade 8 Reading
70
ProficiencyGrade 4 Mathematics
71
ProficiencyGrade 4 Mathematics
72
ProficiencyGrade 8 Mathematics
73
ProficiencyGrade 8 Mathematics
74
Neighboring states with similar overall scores
can have large achievement gap differences
SOURCE USDOE, NCES, NAEP, McKinsey Company
75
Results of Gaps

• Lower Earnings
• Poorer Health
• Higher rates of Incarceration

Source McKinsey and Company
76
The Challenges

• 1. Greater demand for improved student
  performance
• 2. Fewer Resources

77
The Challenges

• 1. Greater demand for improved student
  performance
• 2. Fewer Resources
• 3. More complex group of Students

78
Demographics

• In 2016, 25 of the U.S. workforce will be over
  the age of 55.

Source U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
79
U.S. Population Percent Disabled

• 5-20 years old 6.5
• 21-64 years old 13.0
• 65 years old 41.0

Source U.S. Census Bureau
80
Challenges

• Globalization
• Technology

81

• Information Technology
• Processing
• Communications

82
1983 A Nation at Risk

• E-mail
• Web pages
• Google
• iPODs
• Laptops
• Digital cameras
• Doppler radar
• Cell phones

83
2000

• Blogs
• Wikis
• Tagging
• Text messaging
• MySpace
• Podcasts
• PDAs

84
Content Creation Social Media

• Facebook
• MySpace
• Flickr
• YouTube
• Blogs
• Personal Web Pages

85
SPOT

• Microsoft
• Citizen
• Fossil
• Suunco

86
SPOT

• Integrated Projection
• Projection Keyboard

87
Projection Keyboard
88
Projection Keyboard and Projector
89
Language Translation
90
Translation Goggles
91
The Good News

• A growing number of successful schools, teachers
  and student are experiencing success rates most
  did not think could be obtained

92
Brockton High School
Racial / Ethical Composition

93
Brockton High School

94
STIMULUS

• Short term funding should be used to stimulate
  long term improvement -- NOT to maintain what
  exist

95
Components of School Excellence
1. Create a Culture to Support RR R For ALL
Students
2. Build and Use Data to Guide Whole-School
/ District Reform
96
Criteria

• Core Academic Learning (Achievement in the core
  subjects of English language arts, math and
  science and others identified by the school)

97
Criteria

• Core Academic Learning (Achievement in the core
  subjects of English language arts, math and
  science and others identified by the school)
• Stretch Learning (Demonstration of rigorous and
  relevant learning beyond the minimum
  requirements)

98
Criteria

• Core Academic Learning (Achievement in the core
  subjects of English language arts, math and
  science and others identified by the school)
• Stretch Learning (Demonstration of rigorous and
  relevant learning beyond the minimum
  requirements)
• Student Engagement (The extent to which students
  are motivated and committed to learning have a
  sense of belonging and accomplishment and have
  relationships with adults, peers, and parents
  that support learning)

99
Levels
Blooms
C D A B
6
5
4
3
2
1 2 3 4 5
1
Application
100
Survey Tools for Rigor, Relevance and
Relationships

• We Learn Student Survey
• We Teach Instructional Staff Survey
• We Lead Whole Staff Survey

101
Teacher vs. Student Comparison
102
Teacher vs. Student Comparison
103
Teacher vs. Student Comparison
104
Teacher vs. Student Comparison
105
Teacher vs. Student Comparison
106
Teacher vs. Student Comparison
107
Teacher vs. Student Comparison
108
Teacher vs. Student Comparison
109
Teacher vs. Student Comparison
110
Criteria

• Core Academic Learning (Achievement in the core
  subjects of English language arts, math and
  science and others identified by the school)
• Stretch Learning (Demonstration of rigorous and
  relevant learning beyond the minimum
  requirements)
• Student Engagement (The extent to which students
  are motivated and committed to learning have a
  sense of belonging and accomplishment and have
  relationships with adults, peers, and parents
  that support learning)
• Personal Skill Development (Measures of personal,
  social, service, and leadership skills and
  demonstrations of positive behaviors and
  attitudes)

111
Guiding Principles

• Responsibility
• Contemplation
• Initiative
• Perseverance
• Optimism
• Courage

• Respect
• Compassion
• Adaptability
• Honesty
• Trustworthiness
• Loyalty

112
Criteria

• Core Academic Learning (Achievement in the core
  subjects of English language arts, math and
  science and others identified by the school)
• Stretch Learning (Demonstration of rigorous and
  relevant learning beyond the minimum
  requirements)
• Student Engagement (The extent to which students
  are motivated and committed to learning have a
  sense of belonging and accomplishment and have
  relationships with adults, peers, and parents
  that support learning)
• Personal Skill Development (Measures of personal,
  social, service, and leadership skills and
  demonstrations of positive behaviors and
  attitudes)

113
Components of School Excellence
1. Create a Culture to Support RR R For ALL
Students
2. Build and Use Data to Guide Whole-School
/ District Reform
3. Create and Support Leadership Teams
114
Components of School Excellence
1. Create a Culture to Support RR R For ALL
Students
2. Build and Use Data to Guide Whole-School
/ District Reform
3. Create and Support Leadership Teams
4. Define Student Learning Expectations
115
CRCT / GHSGT English LA Performance Standards
Tested
116
Georgia Career and Technical Education
 
117
Georgia Arts Education
118
Lexile Framework for Reading Study Summary of
Text Lexile Measures
Interquartile Ranges Shown (25 - 75)
1600
1400
1200
Text Lexile Measure (L)
1000
800
600
High School Literature
College Literature
High School Textbooks
College Textbooks
Military
Personal Use
Entry-Level Occupations
SAT 1, ACT, AP
Source of National Test Data MetaMetrics
119
16 Career ClustersDepartment of Education
120
Reading RequirementsFindings

• Entry-level
• Highest in 6/16
• Second Highest in 7/16
• Consistent Across Country

121
Human Services
 
122
Construction
 
123
Manufacturing
 
124
Components of School Excellence
1. Create a Culture to Support RR R For ALL
Students
2. Build and Use Data to Guide Whole-School
/ District Reform
3. Create and Support Leadership Teams
4. Define Student Learning Expectations
125
Eight Implementation Steps to Excellence
5. Concentrate on Effective Instructional
Practices
126
Levels
Blooms
C D A B
6
5
4
3
2
1 2 3 4 5
1
Application
127
Gold Seal Lessons
128
Gold Seal Lessons

• Individual
• School wide
• Successful Practices Network

129
911
130
Levels
Blooms
C D A B
6
5
4
3
2
1 2 3 4 5
1
Application
131

• Technology

132
Eight Implementation Steps to Excellence
5. Concentrate on Effective Instructional
Practices
6. Address Organizational Structures
133
Eight Implementation Steps to Excellence
5. Concentrate on Effective Instructional
Practices
6. Address Organizational Structures
7. Monitor Student Progress
134
Lexile Framework for Reading Study Summary of
Text Lexile Measures
Interquartile Ranges Shown (25 - 75)
1600
1400
1200
Text Lexile Measure (L)
1000
800
600
High School Literature
College Literature
High School Textbooks
College Textbooks
Military
Personal Use
Entry-Level Occupations
SAT 1, ACT, AP
Source of National Test Data MetaMetrics
135
Lexile Framework - Student Profile Matt - Age
15, Grade 10, Lexile 1090, GPA 3.0
1600
1400
1200
Text Lexile Measure (L)
1000
910
800
600
Matt
Source of National Test Data MetaMetrics
136
Lexile Framework - Student Profile
1600
1600
1400
1400
1200
1200
Text Lexile Measure (L)
1000
1000
800
800
600
600
Matt
High School Literature
College Literature
High School Textbooks
College Textbooks
Military
Personal Use
Entry-Level Occupations
SAT 1, ACT, AP
High School Literature
High School Textbooks
Entry-Level Occupations
Military
1st Quarter
2nd Quarter
3rd Quarter
4th Quarter
SAT 1, ACT, AP
College Textbooks
Personal Use
College Literature
Source of National Test Data MetaMetrics
137
Eight Implementation Steps to Excellence
5. Concentrate on Effective Instructional
Practices
6. Address Organizational Structures
7. Monitor Student Progress
8. Review and Refine Process
138
Mark Your Calendar!
17th Annual Model Schools Conference June 28-
July 1, 2009 Atlanta
Visit www.LeaderEd.com for more information
139
Efficient and Effective Framework
High Student Performance
Ef fec t iveness
C D A B
High Cost
Low Cost
Low Student Performance
140
Efficient and Effective Framework
High Student Performance
High Cost High Performance
Low Cost High Performance
C D A B
High Cost
Low Cost
Low Cost Low Performance
High Cost Low Performance
Low Student Performance
141
STIMULUS

• Short term funding should be used to stimulate
  long term improvement -- NOT to maintain what
  exist

142
Example

• Class Size
• 25 to 24
• 4 increase
• Payroll Equals 80
• Total Cost 3.2 of Budget
• Professional Development

143
CRCT / GHSGT English LA Performance Standards
Tested
144
Levels
Blooms
C D A B
6
5
4
3
2
1 2 3 4 5
1
Application
145
Gold Seal Lessons
146
Efficient and Effective Framework
High Student Performance
Focused Professional Development
High Cost
Low Cost
Reduce Class Size
Low Student Performance
147
Empower Staff
148
Empower Staff

• 1. Team of teachers

149
Empower Staff

• 1. Team of teachers
• Given group of students

150
Empower Staff

• 1. Team of teachers
• Given group of students
• Agree to their present performance

151
Empower Staff

• 1. Team of teachers
• Given group of students
• Agree to their present performance
• 4. Give total budget (fixed and variable)

152
Empower Staff

• 1. Team of teachers
• Given group of students
• Agree to their present performance
• 4. Give total budget (fixed and variable)
• 5. Give of savings if student performance
  improves

153
Successful Examples

• Teachers in teams with a group of students ---
  They get 50 of reduced cost if students maintain
  student performance. If they dramatically
  improve student performance they get 80 of
  reduced cost

154
Efficient and Effective Framework
High Student Performance
Teacher-Designed Program
X
High Cost
Low Cost
Existing Program
X
Low Student Performance
155
Examples

• 1. Department Chairs

156
Efficient and Effective Framework
High Student Performance
Interdisciplinary Chairs
High Cost
Low Cost
Low Student Performance
157
Examples

• 1. Department Chairs
• Looping

158
Efficient and Effective Framework
High Student Performance
Looping
High Cost
Low Cost
Low Student Performance
159
Examples

• 1. Department Chairs
• Looping
• Electives to 9th Grade

160
Efficient and Effective Framework
High Student Performance
Electives to 9th Grade
High Cost
Low Cost
Low Student Performance
161

• Technology

162
Efficient and Effective Framework
High Student Performance
I CAN Learn
High Cost
Low Cost
Low Student Performance
163
Efficient and Effective Framework
High Student Performance
READ 180
High Cost
Low Cost
Low Student Performance
164
Examples

• Coordinate Professional Development with Graduate
  Degrees

165
Mark Your Calendar!
17th Annual Model Schools Conference June 28-
July 1, 2009 Atlanta
Visit www.LeaderEd.com for more information
166
International Center for Leadership in Education,
Inc.
1587 Route 146 Rexford, NY 12148 Phone (518)
399-2776 Fax [phone] E-mail -
info_at_LeaderEd.com www.LeaderEd.com