Chemistry of nucleotides

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Chemistry of Nucleotides
R.C. Gupta Professor and Head Department of
Biochemistry National Institute of Medical
Sciences Jaipur, India
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Nucleotides as monomers
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Nucleotides as high-energy compounds
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Nucleotides as second messengers
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Nucleotides as coenzymes
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Nucleotides as metabolic intermediates
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Chemistry
EMB-RCG
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EMB-RCG
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E M B - R C G
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Nucleosides
The sugar is linked to a base to form a
nucleoside
A carbon-nitrogen bond is formed between
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Carbon atom 1 of sugar and nitrogen atom 1 of
the pyrimidine base
Carbon atom 1 of sugar and nitrogen atom 9 of
the purine base
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Phosphoric acid
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A single phosphate group, attached to
the sugar portion of the nucleotide, is
represented by the letters MP
Nucleotide
Abbreviation
Adenosine monophosphate Guanosine
monophosphate Cytidine monophosphate Uridine
monophosphate
AMP GMP CMP UMP
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These compounds are ribonucleotides
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Some important nucleotides
EMB-RCG
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Removal of last two phosphates of ATP liberates
a large amount of energy
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ATP and ADP can be used as source of energy in
energy-consuming reactions
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During biological oxidation, energy is captured
in the form of ATP by phosphorylation of ADP
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EMB-RCG
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E M B - R C G
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Cell division requires replication of cellular
DNA
Replication of DNA requires a ready supply of
nucleotides
Abnormal nucleotides can block replication and
cell division
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Substitutions can be made in the structures of
purine and pyrimidine bases
Substitutions can also be made in the sugars
found in nucleosides
Substituted bases or nucleosides having
substituted bases/sugars can be used as drugs
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EMB-RCG
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EMB-RCG
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Thank you