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PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHER TRAININGSection
1910.157

• Montana Department of Labor Industry
• Occupational Safety and Health
• Training Institute

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PURPOSE OF PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS?

• TO CONTROL OR EXTINGUISH SMALL OR INCIPIENT STAGE
  FIRES
• and

PROTECT EVACUATION ROUTES
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FIRE TRIANGLE
Fire is a very rapid chemical reaction
between oxygen and a combustible/flammable
material, which results in the release of heat,
light, flames, and smoke.

• FOR FIRE TO EXIST, THE FOLLOWING FOUR ELEMENTS
  MUST BE PRESENT AT THE SAME TIME
• Enough OXYGEN to sustain combustion,
•  Enough HEAT to raise the material to its
  ignition temperature,
•  Some sort of FUEL or combustible material, and
•  The CHEMICAL REACTION that is fire.

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BEFORE FIGHTING A FIRE

1. WHAT IS BURNING?
2. IS THE FIRE CONTAINED?
3. WHERE IS THE CLOSEST EXTINGUISHER?
4. IS THIS THE CORRECT EXTINGUISHER?
5. WHERE IS THE EXIT IN RELATION TO THE FIRE?

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HOW AN EXTINGUISHER WORKS
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CLASSIFICATIONS

• Class A Ash (Combustibles)
• Class B Barrel (Flam. Liquids)
• Class C Circuit (Electrical)

• Class D Dents (Metals)
• Class K Kitchen (Cooking Grease)

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Whats the Cause of this Fire? What Class?
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CLASS LABELING

• OLDER STYLE of labeling indicating suitability
  for use on class A, B, and C fires.
• NEWER STYLE of labeling that shows this
  extinguisher may be used on ordinary
  combustibles, flammable liquids, or electrical
  equipment fires.

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LABELING
For example, a simple water extinguisher might
have a label like this which means it should
only be used on Class A fires.
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TYPES OF EXTINGUISHERS

• WATER
• These extinguishers contain water and compressed
  gas or air
• should only be used on class A (ordinary
  combustibles) fires

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TYPES OF EXTINGUISHERS

• CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)
• Most effective on class B and C (liquids and
  electrical) fires.
• Suffocates and Cools the fire.
• Carbon dioxide is stored as a compressed liquid
  As it expands, it cools the surrounding air.
  Cooling will often cause ice to form around the
  horn.

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TYPES OF EXTINGUISHERS

• DRY CHEMICAL
• Extinguishers are usually rated for multiple
  purpose use. Class A,B, and C fires.
• These are filled with foam or powder and
  pressurized with nitrogen.
• The greatest portion of this powder is composed
  of mono-ammonium phosphate.

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TYPES OF EXTINGUISHERS

• DRY CHEMICAL (cont.)
• BC - regular type of dry chemical extinguisher.
  Filled with sodium bicarbonate or potassium
  bicarbonate.
• Leaves a mildly corrosive residue which must be
  cleaned immediately to prevent any damage to
  materials.
• Mono-ammonium phosphate, a yellow powder.
• Leaves a sticky residue that may be damaging to
  electrical appliances such as computers.

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TYPES OF EXTINGUISHERS

• KITCHEN OIL AND
• GREASE FIRES
• Application wand keeps operator at a safe
  distance from the fire
• Safe to used around electrical appliances up to
  100,000 volts.
• Low PH Wet Chemical Agent fine mist discharge
  helps prevent grease splash and fire re-flash
  while cooling the appliance
• Precise extinguishing
• agent application
• For use on all cooking
• appliances

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TYPES OF EXTINGUISHERS

• METAL FIRES
• Used on fires involving metals such as magnesium,
  titanium, zirconium, sodium, and potassium.
• Often specific for the type of metal in question.
  
• Have no rating nor given a multi-purpose rating
  for use on other types of fires.

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TYPES OF EXTINGUISHERS

• HALON
• Contains a gas that interrupts the chemical
  reaction that takes place when fuels burn.
• Often used to protect electrical equipment -
  leaves no residue.
• Limited range, 4 to 6 feet. Initial application
  should be made at the base of the fire, even
  after the flames have been extinguished.

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INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE TESTING

• Monthly Visual
• Annual Maintenance Check
• Empty and Refill 6 years
• Hydrostatic 5 to12 years

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MONTHLY VISUAL INSPECTION CHECKLIST

• Is each extinguisher in its designated place,
  clearly visible, and not blocked by equipment,
  coats or other objects?
• Is the nameplate with operating instructions
  legible and facing outward?
• Is the pressure gauge showing that the
  extinguisher is fully charged (the needle should
  be in the green zone)?
• Is the pin and tamper seal intact?
• Is the extinguisher in good condition and showing
  no signs of physical damage, corrosion, or
  leakage?
• Have all dry powder extinguishers been gently
  rocked top to bottom to make sure the powder is
  not packing?
• Record the inspection.

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MONTHLY VISUAL INSPECTION
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OSHA Standard29 CFR 1910.157

• The employer shall mount, locate and identify
  extinguishers so that they are readily
  accessible.
• Mount on brackets or in wall cabinets
• Carrying handle 3-1/2 to
• 5 feet above floor.
• Larger extinguishers carrying handle 3 feet from
  the floor

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MOUNTING LOCATING
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MOUNTING LOCATING
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MOUNTING LOCATING
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MOUNTING LOCATING
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MOUNTING LOCATING
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IDENTIFYING LOCATIONS
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TRAINING

• Where extinguishers are provided for employee
  use
• Educational program shall exist
• Principles of fire extinguisher use
• Hazards of fire
• Training of employee at initial employment
• At least annually thereafter

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USING A FIRE EXTINGUISHER

• Steps to follow when responding to incipient
  stage fires
• Sound the fire alarm and call the fire
  department.
• Identify a safe evacuation path before
  approaching the fire.
• Do not allow the fire, heat, or smoke to come
  between you and your evacuation path.
• Select the appropriate type of fire extinguisher.
• Discharge the extinguisher within its effective
  range using the
• P.A.S.S. Technique (pull, aim, squeeze, sweep).
• Back away from an extinguished fire in case it
  flames up again.
• Evacuate immediately if the extinguisher is empty
  and the fire is not out or if the fire progresses
  beyond the incipient stage.

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P.A.S.S.
PULL... Pull the pin. This will also break the
tamper seal.
AIM... Aim low, pointing the extinguisher nozzle
(or its horn or hose) at the base of the fire.
SQUEEZE... Squeeze the handle to release the
extinguishing agent.
SWEEP... Sweep from side to side at the base of
the fire until it appears to be out. Watch the
area. If the fire re-ignites, repeat steps 2 -
4.
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INCIPIENT STAGE FIRE

• The fire is limited to the original material
  ignited,
• It is contained (such as in a waste basket),
• Has not spread to other materials and
• The flames are no higher than the firefighter's
  head.

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INCIPIENT STAGE FIRE?
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Dan ToneySafety and Health SpecialistMontana
Dept. of Labor and Industry(406)
247-1035dtoney_at_mt.gov
Do ya have any questions?
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