Classification

1
Classification

• A Biological Tool for Organization

2
Classification Not Only for Biology

• How would you classify this music?
• Audioslave Metallica
• Brooks Dunn Kenny Chesney
• Korn Alicia Keys
• Toni Braxton Usher
• Carrie Underwood

3
Musical Classification Questions

• Are there any classifications of music missing?
• Do these classifications have sub classes?
• Why classify music? How does it help buyers,
  sellers and musicians?

4
Taxonomy

• Field of biology concerned with identifying,
  naming, and classifying species
• Organisms are grouped based on their similarities
  into taxonomic groups or taxa

5
Taxa

• Domain (most general)
• Kingdom
• Phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species (most specific)

6
Three-Domain Classification
BACTERIA
ARCHAEA
EUKARYA
7
Domain Eukarya

• Organisms with eukaryotic cells (cells with a
  nucleus)
• Kingdom Animalia (animals)
• Kingdom Plantae (plants)
• Kingdom Fungi (mushrooms, fungus)
• Kingdom Protista (single-celled organisms)

8
Domain Bacteria

• Organisms with prokaryotic cells (cells without a
  nucleus)
• Kindgom Eubacteria (bacteria and cyanobacteria or
  blue-green algae)

9
Domain Archaea

• Organisms with prokaryotic cells, but which are
  very unusual and quite different from Bacteria.
  Archaea tend to live under extreme conditions of
  heat, salinity, acidity.
• Kingdom Archaebacteria

10
Six-Kingdom Scheme
EUBACTERIA
ARCHAEBACTERIA
PROTISTA
FUNGI
PLANTAE
ANIMALIA
11
Examples of Classification
western juniper
vanilla orchid
housefly
human
Plantae
Plantae
Coniferophyta
Anthophyta
Coniferopsida
Monocotyledonae
Cuoniferales
Asparagales
Cupressaceae
Orchidaceae
Juniperus
Vanilla
J. occidentalis
V. planifolia
12
The Species

• A group of organisms that have structural,
  functional, and developmental similarities, and
  that are able to interbreed and produce fertile
  offspring.
• The species is the fundamental unit of biological
  classification.

13
Naming Species Binomial Nomenclature

• Each species has a two-part name
• First part is genus
• Second part is the species
• Ursus arctos brown bear
• Bufo americanus American toad
• Genus and species are underlined or italicized.
  Genus is capitalized, species is not.

14
Dichotomous Key

• An easy way to classify organisms or any kind of
  information
• Uses a series of yes/no questions to get to a
  single description that applies to only one thing
• Classification of all living things is done this
  way