Got Milk

1
Got Milk?

• Chapter 7

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Milk

• Most wholesome complete food
• Oldest agricultural industry
• dates back 7,000 years

3
Care of Milk

• Milk is easily contaminated with bacteria
• udder is close to ground
• Cows can carry Brucellosis
• causes undulant fever in humans
• cows are tested each year
• Pasteurization heat to 161 degrees F for 15
  seconds
  
• kills bacteria

4
Dairy Breeds

• Holstein most popular breed in U.S.
• largest breed
• most milk production
• lowest butterfat in milk
• black white
• Jersey smallest breed , light brown color
• least milk
• most butterfat
• fat on meat is yellow (butterfat)

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Holstein (Dairy)
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Jersey (Dairy)
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Dairy Breeds

• Guernsey milk is yellower due to high content of
  carotene
  
• Ayrshire newest breed, looks like Holstein but
  red white
  
• good foragers
• Brown Swiss oldest breed, dual purpose breed
  (meat milk)

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Guernsey (Dairy)
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Ayrshire (Dairy)
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Brown Swiss (Dairy)
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Milking

• Dairy cows require lots of high quality feed,
  lots of concentrates water
  
• Dairies milk 2-3 times / day
• udder is washed dried
• primed by hand
• milking machine pipes milk to a cooling tank
• dip teats in iodine to disinfect close
  sphincter muscle

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Milking

• Any cows treated with antibiotics, milk is not
  suited to humans
  
• can cause a whole truck of milk to be dumped out
  due to contamination
  
• Lactation period 10 months, dry 2 months
• Freshen cows calve and begin to lactate
• Colostrum mothers first milk, loaded with
  antibiotics etc. for the calf
  
• first 3 days milk from a cow cant be fed to
  humans (feed to calf)

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Milking

• Calves are usually not allowed to nurse from
  their mother
  
• bottle fed colostrum, then milk replacer or cows
  milk

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