African Americans in American from 1824 - 1900

1
AP US History PowerPoint

• African Americans in American from 1824 - 1900

By Matt Olan
2
Chapter 10-12 Information

• Chapter 10
• Due to the westward expansion political views
  were being changed among America.
• Voting rights in the west were very drastic and
  now allowed and white man over 21 vote. This was
  a big step compared to wealthy white men who were
  Christian.
• Politics in the south were also changing and
  theyre views as well.
• Democratic Republicans in the south were
  beginning to go against what the Federalists that
  owned slaves believed in.
• Some places had already abolished slavery and the
  north was on a slow road to emancipating it.
• Other societies around the US had already learned
  to live among blacks and even women as equals.
• Although in the north slaves were being freed the
  right to vote remained barred to most of the
  nations 500,000 free African Americans.
• Only in five New England states (Maine, New
  Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, and Rhode
  Island) could free African American men vote
  before 1865.
• In the rest of the northern states it was very
  rare to find free African Americans being allowed
  to vote.
• In the south there was no state what so ever that
  allowed African Americans to vote and this same
  trend was occurring in the west as well.
• in 1802 The Ohio constitution denied African
  Americans the rights to vote, to hold public
  office, and to testify against white men in court
  cases.
• Later restrictions barred black men from serving
  in the state militia and on juries.
• The constitutions of other western states
  Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Iowa, Wisconsin, and
  later, Oregon attempted to solve the problem of
  free African Americans by simply denying them
  entry into the state at all.
• Although blacks at the time were not allowed to
  vote they were climbing the social ladder of the
  United States, and many northern states were
  slowly emancipating the ideas of slavery
• But due to Eli Whitneys invention of the cotton
  gin in 1793, which revolutionized the cotton
  industry, slavery was even more prominent in the
  south than ever.
• Also with the means of new transportation to head
  out west it opened new opportunities to the
  blacks.
• The invention of railroads and railways, and
  steamboat gave free blacks jobs that white men
  did not want to do.
• Chapter 11

3
Chapter 10-12 Info Continued

• Chapter 11 Continued
• With the invention of Eli Whitneys cotton gin in
  1793 it made it possible to clean more than fifty
  pounds of cotton a day.
• As the demand for cotton production in the
  southern states grew so did the demand for slaves
  to tend to the crop.
• The only issue with this was that in 1807 Britain
  had outlawed the international slave trade and
  America a year later in 1808 followed.
• Between 1776 and 1786 all the states except south
  Carolina and Georgia either banned or heavily
  taxed the international slave trade, and it was
  only at the insistence of these two states that
  the Constitutional convention prohibit Congress
  from passing a federal law to outlaw the slave
  trade for twenty years.
• All the southern states banned the importation of
  foreign slaves after the successful slave revolt
  in Haiti in 1791.
• Attitudes changed again following the invention
  of the cotton gin in 1793 and the realization of
  the riches to be made from cotton.
• Slave smuggling became so rampant that South
  Carolina officially reopened the trade in 1804.
• Cotton boom caused a huge increase in the
  domestic slave trade.
• Plantation owners in the upper south sold their
  slave to meet the demand for labor in the new and
  expanding cotton growing regions of the old
  Southwest.
• Cotton became such an important product because
  of the inventions in England and their industrial
  revolution.
• On the other hand northerners who were caught up
  in rapid industrialization and urbanization,
  failed to recognize their economic connection to
  the South and increasingly regarded it as a
  backward region.
• Slave population in the south in 1790 was
  estimated around 4 million
• When the international slave trade ended in 1808
  the growth of slavery occurred because of natural
  increase.
• In 1850, 55 of all slaves were engaged in cotton
  growing. Another 20 labored to produce other
  crops tobacco (10), rice, sugar, and hemp.
• Slavery by the 1820s had become distinctively
  southern.
• Surviving slavery at this time was huge.
• Mortality rate for slave children under five was
  twice that of their white counterpart.
• The reason was clear pregnant black woman were
  inadequately nourished, worked too hard, or were
  too frequently pregnant, giving birth to eight
  children at year and one half intervals.

4
Chapter 10-12 Info Continued

• Chapter 11 Continued
• The reason was clear pregnant black woman were
  inadequately nourished, worked too hard, or were
  too frequently pregnant, giving birth to eight
  children at year and one half intervals.
• Slavery was a lifelong labor system.
• Some slaves were slaves in the house or in the
  field.
• Slaves that worked in the house were usually the
  ones to first flee during the civil war and hated
  it although being treated better because of the
  almost 24/7 surveillance and presence of white
  people.
• Small numbers of slaves were skilled workers.
• No southern state recognized slave marriages in
  law
• Most owners, though, not only recognized but
  encouraged them, sometimes even performing a kind
  of wedding ceremony for the couple.
• Family meant continuity
• Religions were brought by Africans from Africa
  but were forbidden to be practiced to prevent the
  possibilities of rebellion.
• In the 1760s the great awakening introduced many
  slaves to Christianity, often in mixed
  congregation with white people.
• After the second great awakening the number of
  African American converts grew rapidly.
• Free African Americans founded their own
  independent churches and denominations.
• Slave most of the time new that there was no
  freedom and running away.
• Ultimate resistance that could be shown other
  than running away was by revolting.
• By 1860 nearly 250,000 free black people lived in
  the south.
• The largest groups of slave owners were small
  yeomen farmers.
• Freedom of slaves after the revolution became
  more common.
• Chapter 12

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5 Terms and their Definitions Chapter 10-12

• Emancipate (1) to free from restraint, influence
  , or the like. (2) To free a slave from bondage.
• Federalist and Federalist Party
  a member or supporter of the Federalist Party.
  A political party in early U.S. history advocating
   a strong central government.
• Cotton Gin a machine for separating the fibers o
  f cotton from the seeds. Invented by Eli Whitney
• Mortality Rate (Death Rate) the number of deaths
   per unit, usually 1000, of population in a
  given place and time. This death rate was much
  higher in a slave community compared to their
  white counterparts.
• Industrialization and Urbanization
  to introduce industry into an area on a large scal
  e. To make or cause to become urban, as a localit
  y.

6
Important People Chapters 10-12

• Harriet Tubman - was an African-American abolition
  ist, humanitarian, and Union spy during
  the American Civil War. After escaping
  from slavery, into which she was born, she made
  thirteen missions to rescue more than 70
  slaves using the network of antislavery activists
  and safe houses known as the Underground
  railroad.

• Eli Whitney Eli Whitney was not a slave or
  African American but was the reason why slavery
  became so prominent in the 19th century again
  because of his invention of the cotton gin.
  Because of this invention during the industrial
  revolution it caused a rebirth in the want for
  slavery in the south.

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Chapter 10-12 Multiple Choice

• 1. What age did you have to be in the West to
  vote?
• 21
• 18
• 16
• Anyone could vote at any age except African
  Americans.
• 2. What five states in New England could vote
  before 1865? C
• Maine, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia,
  Rhode Island
• Maine, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Virginia,
  Massechusetts
• Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts,
  Rhode Island
• None of the above
• 3. What did the Ohio constitution deny African
  Americans?
• The right to live in the state of Ohio
• The right to work as any type of trade skill job
• The right to own slaves
• The right to vote and hold public offices.
• 4. What year was the slave revolt in Haiti?
• 1808
• 1791
• 1796

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Chapter 10-12 Multiple Choice

• 6. Who created the cotton gin?
• Herriot Tubman
• Eli Whitney
• Fanny Kemble
• Thomas Jefferson
• 7. What was the cotton gin capable of that made
  it so impressive?
• it could pick a whole field of cotton in two days
• it helped the production of cotton and growth of
  cotton twice as fast
• it could plant a field of cotton in 3 hours
• it could deseed 50 pounds of cotton in one day
  while before it would take 1 day to deseed 1
  pound
• 8. What percent of slaves engaged in cotton
  growing in 1850?
• 55
• 70
• 40
• 25
• 9. What was the mortality rate of five year olds
  for slave children?
• same as their white counterparts
• five times their white counterparts
• twice their white counterparts

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10-12 Multiple Choice Answers

1. A
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. D
8. A
9. C
10. B

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Chapter 13-15 Information

• Chapter 13
• During the beginning of the 19 century growth in
  major cities was minor, but later on it became
  rapid growth due to the advances in technology.
• Another thing that happened in the 19th century
  that increased as technology was the immigration
  to the United States. Even though these people
  immigrated over blacks were still used as slave
  in the south.
• Slavery at this time had been abolished in the
  north and was still being practiced in the south
  and in some parts of the westward expansion.
• During this time in the north many Irish
  immigrants came over and were classified as urban
  working-class.
• Some of the Irish as urban working class
  amusement put on shows called blackface minstrel,
  which is where white actors would black their
  faces and sing and dance and do theatrical skits.
  They also did anti-Black political jokes.
• Some cruel stereotypes that were performed by
  them were Zip Coon, an irresponsible free black
  man, and Jim Crow, a slow-witted slave.
• Urban Life of Free African Americans
• in 1860 there were nearly half a million free
  African Americans in the united states. This
  constituted for about 11 percent of the countrys
  total black population.
• More than half of all free African Americans
  lived in the north, mostly in cities, where they
  competed with immigrants and native-born poor
  white people for jobs as day laborers and
  domestic servants.
• At this time Philadelphia and New York had the
  largest black communities
• Blacks in the north faced residential
  segregation, pervasive job discrimination,
  segregated public schools, and severe limitations
  on their civil rights.
• Also African Americans of all economic classes
  endured daily affronts, such as exclusion from
  public concerts, lectures, and libraries and
  segregation or exclusion from public
  transportation.
• African Americans created defenses against the
  larger hostile society by building their own
  community structures.
• African Americans at this time in their
  communities also supported their own newspapers.
• Employment prospects for black men deteriorated
  from 1820 to 1850.
• Many skilled artisans were forced from their
  positions, and their sons denied apprenticeships.
• loss of their artisan jobs they were forced to do
  day labor jobs were they had to fight against the
  Irish immigrants to gain jobs.
• on the waterfront, black men lost their jobs as
  carters and longshoremen to the Irish immigrants.

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Chapter 13-15 Information Continued

• Chapter 13 continued
• More than 20 percent of all American sailors in
  1850 were black, and over the years their ranks
  included an increasing number of runaway slaves.
• Many blacks found more equality aboard the ships
  than they did ashore.
• Free African Americans remained committed to
  their enslaved brethren in the South
• In New York 4 times black communities rioted
  against slave catchers and them taking escaped
  slaves back to slavery in the south.
• During this time African Americans were targets
  of many riots too and had some African Americans
  flee for their lives to Canada.
• Antislavery and Abolitionism
• Three major groups worked to bring an end to
  slavery free African Americans, Quakers, and
  militant white reformers. Each of these groups in
  different ways
• Although the abolishment of slavery in the north
  and the passing of the law against the
  international slave trade were prior to this time
  slavery in the south was still very prominent.
• First attempt to solve the problem of slavery
  was a plan for gradual emancipation, with
  compensation to their owners, and their
  resettlement in Africa.
• This idea was a failure and critics said that
  more Africans were born in a week than the
  organization that planned this was able to send
  back in a year.
• African Americans fight against slavery
• Most free African Americans rejected
  colonization, insisting instead on a commitment
  to the immediate end of slavery and the equal
  treatment of black people in America.
• Abolitionist societies in the north sprang up in
  the 1830s
• The first African American newspaper founded in
  1827 announced its antislavery position in its
  title, Freedoms Journal.
• In 1829 David Walker, a free African American in
  Boston, wrote a widely distributed pamphlet,
  appeal to the colored citizens of the world, that
  encouraged slave rebellion.
• The third group was the best known group of
  antislavery reformers and was headed by William
  Lloyd Garrison.
• Garrisons moral vehemence radicalized northern
  antislavery religious groups.
• Abolitionists wrote books and speeches about
  slavery

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Chapter 13-15 Information Continued

• Chapter 13 continued
• The abolitionists were even in politics and one
  of their biggest figure heads that was in
  politics was John Quincy Adams.
• Adams won a case about the Amistad, which was a
  slave ship that was mutinied and ended up in
  American waters. The Spanish tried to claim that
  the slaves were theirs but Adams won the case
  allowing the freedom of the slaves in American on
  the Amistad.
• Chapter 14 1830s-1850s
• During this time period immigration in the north
  was becoming very prominent.
• Many blacks were losing their jobs to Irish
  immigrants
• Also during this time segregation in the north
  was widely known and many people were racist
  against blacks.
• At this same time period though there were
  multiple groups such as free African Americans
  and Abolitionists who were trying to rid the
  country of slavery in the south and were
  attempting to do so through physical and
  political effects.
• The expansion towards the west for the gold rush
  and new land though did not help these groups as
  well as planned.
• Southerners who traveled west in search of gold
  and new land to provide for crops such as cotton
  brought along their slaves.
• Slavery along with the white of the south had
  traveled west when the westward expansion formed.
  
• Not many free African Americans were found
  towards the west because they were either not
  allowed or threatened by whites that lived there.
• Sometimes even if you were a free white that
  lived in the west slave catchers that were hired
  by southern to find run-away slaves would take
  free African Americans that lived in the west,
  because you needed someone to vouch for you that
  you were a free African American and many people
  in the west did not care.
• Also during the gold rush towards the west most
  of the mining camps were extremely racist against
  blacks and other races. So blacks were commonly
  not found in mining camps and mining for gold.
• The Liberty Party founded in 1840 by
  abolitionists, threatened to take votes away from
  both Whig and the democratic parties. The
  foundation of this third political party threw
  off the other two parties votes drastically.
• The Liberty Party took an uncompromising stance
  against slavery.
• Out of the Liberty Party the Free-Soil Party was
  formed after the liberty party began to fail.
• The Free-soil party proposed that they ban all
  African Americans from the new territories found
  in the west. Instead of this party being
  antislavery it was more anti-Black.
• This doctrine was very popular at the time.

13
Chapter 13-15 Information Continued

• Chapter 15
• During this time period was the great American
  Renaissance.
• American writers who were most successful wrote
  novels on the great issue of the day, slavery.
• Uncle Toms Cabin being one of those novels was
  written by Harriet Beecher Stowe and combined the
  literary style of the then-popular womens
  domestic novels with vivid details of slavery
  culled from firsthand accounts by northern
  abolitionist and escaped slaves.
• Uncle Toms Cabin told the story of the
  Christ-like slave Uncle Tom, who patiently
  endured the cruel treatment of an evil white
  overseer.
• More than 300,000 copies were sold in the first
  year, and within ten years the book had sold more
  than 2 million copies, becoming the all-time
  American best-seller in proportion to population.
• Disagreements about slavery had split the
  countrys great religious organizations into
  northern and southern groups.
• Theodore Weld, the abolitionist leader, saw these
  splits as inevitable.
• John C. Calhoun was a slave activist and argued
  that congress did not have a constitutional right
  to prohibit slavery in territories. He stated
  this because of the fact of abolitionists saying
  that southern couldnt take their slaves westward
  to new territories.
• During the compromise of 1850 in the senate they
  discussed which new states from the new
  territories would be Free states and which would
  be slave states.
• In the end 15 slave states arose and 16 free
  states. This compromise was also to try and
  prevent original southern states from seceding
  from the Union.
• The Fugitive Slave Law, enacted in 1850,
  dramatically increased the power of slave owners
  to capture escaped slaves.
• The Fugitive Slave Law brought home the reality
  of slavery to residents of the Free states.
• In effect, this law made slavery national and
  forced northern communities to confront what that
  meant.
• Politics at the time over slavery was also
  becoming very heated.
• During the political heated mood of the late
  1850s, some improbable people became heroes.
• John Brown the self appointed avenger who
  slaughtered unarmed proslavery men in Kansas in
  1856 planed to cause a general slave uprising in
  the south.
• Browns raid shocked the South because it aroused
  the greatest fear, that of slave rebellion.
• This all lead up to the election of 1860 which
  was mainly based on slavery.

14
5 Terms and their Definitions Chapters 13-15

1. Free State was a state in which slavery was
   either prohibited or eliminated over time.
2. Slave State was a U.S. state in
   which slavery of African Americans and Native
   Americans was legal
3. Uncle Toms Cabin Reacting to the passage of
   the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, Harriet Beecher
   Stowe in 1852 published this novel, which was the
   single most powerful attack on slavery ever
   written.
4. The Free-Soil Party a short-lived political
   party in the United States active in the 1848 and
   1852 presidential elections, and in some state
   elections. It was a third party that largely
   appealed to and drew its greatest strength
   from New York State. The party leadership
   consisted of former anti-slavery members of
   the Whig Party and the Democratic Party. Its main
   purpose was opposing the expansion
   of slavery into the western territories
5. Fugitive Slave Law The law stated that in
   future any federal marshal who did not arrest an
   alleged runaway slave could be fined 1,000.
   People suspected of being a runaway slave could
   be arrested without warrant and turned over to a
   claimant on nothing more than his sworn testimony
   of ownership

15
Important People Chapters 13-15

• Frederick Douglas was one of the foremost
  leaders of the abolitionist movement, which
  fought to end slavery within the United States in
  the decades prior to the Civil War. A brilliant
  speaker, Douglass was asked by the American
  Anti-Slavery Society to engage in a tour of
  lectures, and so became recognized as one of
  America's first great black speakers.

• Harriet Beecher Stowe- Was the author of Uncle
  Toms Cabin. It was first published in the
  anti-slavery newspaper The National Era, from
  June 1851 to April 1852, and later in book form.
  The story was to some extent based on true events
  and the life of Josiah Henson.

16
Chapter 13-15 Multiple Choice

• 1. What immigrants did African Americans fight
  with to get jobs?
• Germans
• Irish
• English
• French
• 2. What was a major job that African Americans
  took up after losing their artisan skilled jobs?
• bankers
• farmers
• longshoremen
• seamen
• 3. What was the name of amusement that the Irish
  working class performed?
• Irish tap dancers
• Barnum and Bailey circus acts
• the blackface minstrels
• The Jim Crows
• 4. In 1860 how many free African Americans were
  there in the US?
• 1 million
• half a million
• one hundred thousand

17
Chapter 13-15 Multiple Choice

• 6. The first African American newspaper founded
  in 1827 was titled what?
• Amistad
• Uncle Toms Cabin
• Freedom Rings paper
• Freedoms Journal
• 7. Who was a major abolitionist figure head in
  politics?
• John Adams
• Andrew Jackson
• John Quincy Adams
• Thomas Jefferson
• 8. The Free-Soil party was founded how?
• When members of the Whig party didnt get their
  way
• When member of the Democratic party didnt get
  their way
• When the Liberty-Party began to fail
• It was founded on its own to compete with the
  Whigs, democratic party, and Liberty-Party
• 9. How many copies of Uncle Toms Cabin were sold
  in its first year?
• 1 million
• 3 hundred thousand
• 2 million

18
13-15 Multiple Choice Answers

1. B
2. D
3. C
4. B
5. A
6. D
7. C
8. C
9. B
10. D

19
Chapter 16-18 Information

• Chapter 16
• Overview
• The United States has been split in two over many
  differences in views on issues, one being
  slavery.
• The Union begins to mobilize troops in order to
  keep peace and order and make sure that the
  Confederates/Rebels dont form their own country.
• The mobilization of the North stirs the south to
  create an army causing both sides to go to war
  against one another.
• This war was originally thought that it would be
  short and the north would bring peace, but turned
  out to be long and killed the most Americans ever
  in a war because it was brother against brother.
• The Civil War eventually became a representation
  as a fight for the freedom of slavery.
• The Lincoln Presidency
• Lincoln prior to his presidency to gain votes
  promised to abolish slavery in the United States
• This caused a problem when he was elected and
  caused many south states to secede from the Union
  which in turn caused the Civil War.
• During the war Lincoln issues the emancipation
  proclamation which stated that all slaves in the
  opposing southern states that the union was at
  war with were free.
• The Black Response
• Prior to the war runaway slaves could be returned
  to their owners through the Fugitive Slave Law.
• This law changed in the early period of the war
  when at Fortress Monroe in Virginia commander,
  Benjamin Butler, told a man who claimed that he
  had missing slaves that the slaves that had come
  to the fortress were now contraband of war
• The word spread that slaves that ran away to the
  fortress and other Union army locations were now
  contraband and many more slaves followed.
• The Death of Slavery
• The Politics of Emancipation
• This was a war for the Union not slavery stated
  Abraham Lincoln
• Lincoln in march of 1862 first proposed that
  every state undertake gradual compensated
  emancipation, but afraid that the border states
  of the north and south that were proslavery would
  leave the union this plan failed.

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Chapter 16-18 Information continued

• During the war on January 1, 1863 Lincoln issued
  the final Emancipation Proclamation.
• The proclamation freed the slaves in the areas of
  rebellion the areas the Union did not control
  but specifically exempted slaves in the Border
  States and in former Confederate areas conquered
  by the Union.
• African Americans cheered when they heard about
  the Proclamation, but slavery wasnt truly
  abolished until Congress banned slavery in the
  Thirteenth amendment in 1865 (after the war)
• Black Fighting Men
• Along with the emancipation proclamation came the
  ability for African Americans to serve their
  country in battle, and the first time of the
  recruitment of black soldiers.
• All black regiments were 100 black except for
  their commanding officers who were well trained
  white officers.
• Blacks from all around the nation as well as the
  world came to join the United States army during
  the war to help the fight against slavery.
• African Americans made up 10 of the Union Army.
• Nearly 200,000 African Americans served in the
  Union army or navy.
• A fifth of them-37,000- died defending their own
  freedom and the Union
• Military service was something no black man took
  lightly
• Blacks faced prejudice of several kinds. In the
  North, most white people believed that black
  people were inferior both in intelligence and in
  courage.
• Most army officers shared these opinions except
  those who had volunteered to lead black troops.
• This made African Americans want to prove
  themselves in battle
• Black soldiers at Fort Wagner and in battles near
  Vicksburg, Mississippi, in 1863 helped to change
  the minds of the Union army command.
• On the other hand the Confederates were afraid of
  black troops and threatened to execute any caught
  African American troops.
• African American soldiers were paid 10 a month
  rather than 13 like their white counterparts.

21
Chapter 16-18 Information continued

• Chapter 17 and 18
• Overview
• Post Civil War and the reconstruction of the
  United States.
• Free slaves now must cope with the fact that they
  are free and whites must also cope with this new
  fact.
• The Freedmans Bureau was a organization that
  helped provide food, clothing, and fuel to
  destitute former slaves. It also helped poor
  whites.
• Even after being freed blacks faced racism and
  were still miss treated
• Black codes in the south showed that white
  southerners were unable to accept the full
  meaning of freedom for African Americans.
• The Meaning of Freedom
• Thousands of African American couples who lived
  together under slavery streamed to military and
  civilian authorities and demanded to be legally
  married.
• By 1870, the two parent household was the norm
  for a large majority of African Americans.
• Also because of black men fighting in the war it
  brought upon the ability in the political world
  for African American men to serve on juries,
  vote, and hold office, while black women could
  not just like white women.
• African American churches began to spring up
  everywhere and was one of the most last and
  important elements of the energetic institution
  building that went on in post emancipation years.
• The church became the first social institution
  fully controlled by African Americans.
• The rapid spread of schools reflected African
  Americans thirst for self-improvement
• Black began to gain their own land too
• The passage of the First Reconstruction Act in
  1867 encouraged political activity among African
  Americans.
• 735,000 blacks were registered to vote in the ten
  unreconstructed states.
• Five of the ten states had black electoral
  majorities.
• White Resistance and Redemption

22
5 Terms and their Definitions Chapters 16-18

• Emancipation Proclamation-the proclamation issued 
  by President Lincoln on January 1, 1863,freeing th
  e slaves in those territories still in rebellion a
  gainst the Union.
• Civil War - a war between political factions or re
  gions within the same country.
• Black Codes any code of law that defined and esp
  . limited the rights of former slaves after the Ci
  vil War.
• Ku Klux Klan a secret organization in the southe
  rn U.S., active for several years after the Civil 
  War, which aimed to suppress the newly
  acquired powers of blacks and to oppose carpetbagg
  ers from the North, and which was responsible for
   many lawless and violent proceedings.
• Contraband - a black slave who escaped to
  or was brought within the Union lines.

23
Important people of Chapter 16-18

• Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the
  United States and although he did not officially
  emancipate slavery he was the reason for Congress
  to pass the 13th Amendment post civil war. He
  also made African Americans eligible to enlist in
  the United States army or navy.

• Robert Gould Shaw was the colonel in command of
  the all-black 54th Regiment, which entered
  the American Civil War in 1863. He was killed in
  a failed attempt to capture Fort Wagner, near
  Charleston, South Carolina.

24
Chapters 16-18 Multiple Choice

• 1. What do many people believe the Civil War
  represents?
• Slavery
• the prevalence of the United States to stay
  United
• the prevalence of the United States to defeat the
  British
• Freedom of the United States from all European
  countries
• 2. What law allowed whites to regain runaway
  slaves prior to the war?
• Runaway prevention law
• Reconstruction act
• Fugitive Slave Law
• Return policy slave law
• 3. What Union commander changed the way this law
  was looked at?
• Fredrick Douglass
• Benjamin Butler
• Abraham Lincoln
• Horace Greeley
• 4. What percent of Africans Americans made up the
  Union army?
• 30
• 5
• 15

25
Chapters 16-18 Multiple Choice

• 6. What was the Freedmans Bureau?
• an organization that helped destitute former
  slaves
• an organization that helped the confederates
  during the war
• an organization that helped the Union during the
  war
• an organization for wealthy white farmers of the
  South
• 7. What was the first social institution fully
  controlled by African Americans?
• schools
• libraries
• churches
• government buildings
• 8. How much were African American soldiers paid
  during the war?
• 13
• 10
• 5
• 8
• 9. After the war how many black registered to
  vote in the ten unreconstructed states?
• 655,000
• 445,000
• 307,000

26
Multiple Choice Answers

1. A
2. C
3. B
4. D
5. D
6. A
7. C
8. B
9. D
10. C

27
Work Cited

• Harriet Tubman information
• http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p1535.html
• Eli Whitney and the Cotton Gin
• http//inventors.about.com/od/cstartinventions/a/
  cotton_gin.htm
• 5 terms
• http//dictionary.reference.com/
• Information on Fredrick Douglas
• http//www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/ho
  me.html
• Information on Harriet Beecher Stowe -
• http//kirjasto.sci.fi/hbstowe.htm
• Used for information on The Fugitive Slave Law of
  1850-
• http//www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USASfugitive.
  htm
• Used for information on the Free-soil party.
• http//www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USASfreesoil.
  htm
• Information on Robert Gould .http//militaryhistor
  y.about.com/od/1800sarmybiographies/p/rgshaw.htm
• Information on Abraham Lincoln
• http//www.biography.com/articles/Abraham-Lincoln-
  9382540