UNIFYING THEMES OF BIOLOGY

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UNIFYING THEMES OF BIOLOGY
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There is UNITY in the DIVERSITY OF LIFE

• There are FEATURES that all LIVING THINGS HAVE IN
  COMMON.

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FEATURES that all LIVING THINGS HAVE IN COMMON

• GENETIC CODE (genome)
• Governs the use of heredity
  information
• PRESENCE OF ORGANELLES that
  carry out cellular activities
• SHARE GENES
• Phylogenetic tree tree of life

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Phylogenetic tree

• Living things have descended from a single
  ancestor
• THREE MAIN BRANCHES
• DOMAINS
• Domain Eukarya
• Domain Archaea
• Domain Eubacteria

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DOMAIN

• Divided into 6 kingdoms
• Domain Eukarya
• Kingdom Animalia
• Kingdom Plantae
• Kingdom Fungi
• Kingdom Protista

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DOMAIN

• Divided into 6 kingdoms
• Domain Archaea
• Kingdom Archaea
• (Kingdom Archaebacteria)

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DOMAIN

• Divided into 6 kingdoms
• Domain Bacteria
• Kingdom Bacteria
• (Kingdom Eubacteria)

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There is INTERDEPENDENCE OF ORGANISMS

• Organisms interact with each other in the living
  world.

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INTERDEPENDENCE OF ORGANISMS

• ECOLOGY
• Study of interactions of organisms with the
  environment
• ECOSYSTEM
• environmental communities
• BIOTIC living things in the environment
• ABIOTIC
• nonliving things in the environment

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INTERDEPENDENCE OF ORGANISMS

• ECOSYSTEM
• Communities interacting with abiotic factors
• COMMUNITY
• Differing groups (POPULATIONS)of living
  organisms living in the same area

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INTERDEPENDENCE OF ORGANISMS

• BIOSPHERE
• Thin layer of life around the Earth
• 8 km above Earths surface
• 8 km below Earths surface

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INTERDEPENDENCE OF ORGANISMS

• AUTOTROPH PRODUCERS
• Auto---self troph --- energy
• Capable of converting their own energy
• PHOTOSYNTHESIS plants
• Photo--- light synthesis -- to make
• CHEMOSYNTHESIS bacteria
• Chemo chemical synthesis -- to make

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INTERDEPENDENCE OF ORGANISMS

• HETEROTROPH
• Hetero different troph energy
• Cannot convert its own energy from the sun
  directly
• Must eat autotrophs to obtain energy
• CONSUMERS --- PREDATORS

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EVOLUTION

• CHANGE OVER TIME
• Charles Darwin
• DESCENT WITH MODIFICATION
• Inherited traits within a population change over
  generations

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EVOLUTION

• NATURAL SELECTION
• Favorable traits are passed on
• COMPETITION
• SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST
• PREDATOR / PREY
• ADAPTATION
• Traits that improve survival