The European Explorers

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The European Explorers
Which way to the New World?
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The Vikings

• The Vikings were Scandinavian explorers who
  settled in Iceland.
• Eric the Red created a settlement on Greenland
  and convinced others to join him.
• His son, Leif Erickson, was the first European to
  settle in North America. This occurred in 1000AD.

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Marco Polo

• Born in 1254 in Venice, Italy
• He left in 1271 with his father uncle
• This was a 24 year expedition,
• They wanted to travel directly to China and
  bringing back goods themselves, instead of
  trading with other merchants along the Silk Road,
  thereby increasing their profits.
• Route Sailed south through the Mediterranean,
  then travelled southeast through Persia to China
• Primarily travelled throughout Asia. After
  meeting the Kublai Khan Polo was given a golden
  passport to travel anywhere is Asia he wanted.

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Marco Polo

• Famous because he was among the first Europeans
  to explore the Orient
• Marco Polo's written accounts of his travels were
  the first Western record of porcelain, coal,
  gunpowder, printing, paper money, and silk Polo
  wrote "Book of Ser Marco Polo" around 1298.
• His stories were the basis for what much of
  Europe knew about Ancient China for many years
  and inspired future explorers to try to find new
  routes to Asia.

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Christopher Columbus

• Born in Italy in 1451
• Obtained the money for his voyages from King
  Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain
• His first voyage left Europe in 1492 he sailed
  west across the Great Ocean to find a faster
  water route to Asia.
• Sailed with three ships
  Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria
• On October 12th he landed on an island in the
  Bahamas, off the coast of North America.
• He made a total of 4 trips between 1492 -1504 to
  the Caribbean and South America.

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Christopher Columbus

• While exploring the islands in the area and
  looking for gold to loot, Columbus' men traveled
  to the islands of Hispaniola, Cuba, and many
  other smaller islands. He established a base in
  Hispaniola.
• Came in contact with various tribes of island
  natives, his crew captured many Indians and
  treated them as slaves.
• Columbuss expeditions claimed all the land they
  found for Spain, and inspired other explorers to
  return to the area looking for the riches of
  Asia.
• Columbus survived all of his expeditions, but
  never found the route to Asia he had hoped to
  find.

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The Portuguese Explorers

• by Shea, Kurt, Jack

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King Manuel, King John 2

• The Kings were King Manuel and King John II. They
  ruled Portugal. They sent explorers to find goods
  to trade, and to find a trade route to India. The
  kings were having the explorers look for an
  alternative route to India with no greedy
  merchants along the way. They had the explorers
  look for a sea route around Africa.

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The Explorers

• Bartholomeu Dias
• Vasco Da Gama

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Bartholomeu Dias

• - Born1450 or 1451 in Portugal
• Famous Voyage1487
• Sail for Portugals King John II
• Dias searched the southern waters of the Atlantic
  Ocean for an opening to the east and trade routes
  to India
• Dias headed to Africas west cost
• Route Rounded Southern part of Africa
• Voyages made3-to Africa, India, and Brazil

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• - Landed at Cape of Good Hope
• Gold Cost of Africa claimed
• Discovered sea route between Europe at Cape of
  Good Hope
• Importance First European to round southern tip
  of Africa
• Died on 3rd trip to Brazil

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Explorer Vasco Da Gama
D A G A M A
Facts

• Born in Sines, Portugal 1460
• He left on his voyage on July 8, 1498
• King Manuel of Portugal sent him on his voyage
• He went on his trip to establish a trade route
  between Portugal and India
• He headed for Eastern Africa and India.
• He left Portugal, sailed to Kenya and then along
  the western coast of Africa, and around the tip
  until he finally sailed up to India
• Vasco Da Gama made 2 voyages in his life

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Slide twoVasco Da Gama
Facts

• He landed in in Calicut India in 1498.
• He claimed a trade route between Portugal and
  India
• He met Indian traders, African traders, and the
  Indian ruler of Calicut.
• He established a trade route which he traded
  things for gold, silk, and perfumes .
• He survived both of his voyages to India but
  later died in India after several years of being
  the viceroy there.

Picture of Vasco Da Gama
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Claimed Land

• The Portuguese explorers claimed two things.
  Bartholomeu Dias claimed the Gold Coast of Africa
  which expanded our territory. Vasco Da Gama
  claimed land around the new trade route to India,
  which helped Portugal become the richest country
  in the world for a short time. The Portuguese
  were the first Europeans to find the water route
  to Asia, and began a profitable trade with India.

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The Spanish Explorers

• by Thomas, Chloe, Marshall, Ryan,
• Adam, Brooke, Alana, Bailey

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King of Spain

• King Charles the I (Carlos V) sent many explorers
  
• The most important King of Spain is King
  Ferdinand the IV.
• The motivation that made Spain send explorers to
  the New World is to expand knowledge of what the
  New World was like.
• King Charles I and King Ferdinand VI had
  explorers look for gold and riches.
• King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella ruled Spain
• King Ferdinands motivation for sending out
  explorers was to gain land and get more territory
• King Ferdinand set out explorers to get jewels,
  land, and to find a water route for Asia
• King Ferdinand wanted them to claim over-seas
  territories, to take over land, and to make Spain
  more powerful
• They went to explore Central America

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Explorers of Spain

• Vasco Balboa
• Ferdinand Magellan
• Amerigo Vespucci
• Hernando De Soto
• Ponce De Leon
• Franciso Pizzaro
• Hernando Cortez

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Vasco Nunez de Balboa

• Born Jerez de los Caballeros in Estremadura,
  Spain in 1475
• First voyages where in 1501 and 1513
• Balboa sailed for Spain
• Balboa went on his voyage to find gold, silver,
  and other riches.
• The part of the world he headed to was South
  America.
• Balboa started in Spain, then Hispaniola, then
  lastly Darien (in Panama)
• My explorer made 2 voyages

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Vasco Nunez de Balboa

• Balboa landed in Hispaniola and Darien (located
  in Central America) from there to Santo Domingo,
  from there back to Darién, and from there across
  the Isthmus of Panama, where he first saw the
  Pacific Ocean.
• He claimed the Pacific Ocean and the land that
  touches it for Spain and explored Panama
• Balboa found Native Americans, gold, and the
  Pacific Ocean.
• Balboas discoveries where important because he
  found new land, found gold, and was the first
  European to see the Pacific Ocean. This was
  important, because if the Spanish could find
  their way around the Americas, they could
  continue their journey to Asia by going across
  the Pacific.
• Balboa survived the expedition

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Facts about Ferdinand Magellan

• He was born in 1480 in Portugal
• He sailed for Spain and the ruler was King
  Charles.
• His famous voyage was on September 20, 1519.
• He went on the trip because he wanted to reach
  the Spice islands and get spices and silk.
• He wanted to go to Asia and India by heading for
  a water passage through the Americas.
• He left Spain, crossed the Atlantic Ocean went to
  South America, went though a strait into the
  Pacific ocean, landed at the islands of the
  Philippines and then went to the island of
  Mactan.
• He did one voyage.
• He was the first person to circumnavigate the
  globe

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Part 2 of facts about Ferdinand Magellan

• The areas that were conquered, explored, and
  claimed where South America, the Philippines, and
  Mactan.
• He landed in a harbor in South America.
• He found Patagonians that were 7 feet tall and
  penguins and new animals.
• Magellan was the first explorer to sail around
  the world. He showed that the oceans were
  connected and showed that the world was much
  bigger than people thought. He also showed that
  the earth was mostly water not land.
• He did not survive the trip.

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Amerigo Vespucci

• March 9,1454 Florence, Italy
• 1499
• South America
• To discover land
• South America
• Went to the northern part of South America
• Went to the east coast of South America
• 6 voyages

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Land explored

• Parts of South America
• Brazil and Guiana
• Two important rivers, the Amazon and the Para
• He found new land
• He survived his trips
• He was the first explorer to
• realize that the Americas were separate
• from the continent of Asia. This made
• people realize they would have to
• go around these large pieces of land to get
• to Asia.
• America was named for him in 1507

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Hernando De Soto

• Born in 1500 at the town Jerez de los Cabaileros,
  Spain.
• Sailed for Spain and the king is King Charles I
  (Carlos V).
• His famous voyage was in 1538-1539.
• He went for the glory of finding wealth, to
  colonize present-day Florida, and to convert
  Natives to Christianity.
• He explored Florida, North America.
• He went from Spain to Cuba to Florida.
• He made 2 other voyages, 1514 to Panama with
  Pedro Arias Davila1532 to Peru with Francisco
  Pizarro.

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• De Soto landed in Tampa Bay, Florida.
• De Soto explored Florida, Georgia, Alabama, and
  discovered the Mississippi River.
• De Soto found Indians (Native Americans), copper,
  and pearls.
• His discovery of the Mississippi River was
  important for transportation.
• De Soto did not survive. He got a bad fever and
  was buried on the banks of the Mississippi River.

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Juan Ponce de Leon

• Born 1460s and in Spain
• He only had one big voyage in 1513, first he went
  to St. Augustine Florida and then went to all the
  islands in the Bahamas
• He sailed for Spain
• He went on the voyage because he wanted to find
  the fountain of youth and gold and silver.
• Ponce de Leon went north to find the fountain of
  youth
• All together he made 5 voyages

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Juan Ponce de Leon

• First he landed in Puerto Rico, then Haiti. After
  that he was in Florida and finally in Cuba
• He only landed in North America and many little
  Islands
• He found a lot of gold and jewels
• The king and queen of Spain paid for his trip so
  he had to repay them with gold and riches
• When he went to Florida he was looking for the
  Fountain of Youth because he thought it would
  give him eternal youth. Some people say he was
  looking for silk and gold too.
• He did not survive he died when a Indian shot him
  with a poisonous arrow

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Francisco Pizarro

• Born in 1475 in Trujillo, Spain
• Most famous voyage to the Incan Empire in 1525
• Sailed to Central South America
• Dreamed of becoming rich and finding goods and
  lands
• Traveled across the Atlantic Ocean to Central
  America and traveled along the Pacific Ocean to
  explore South America
• Took six voyages to Central South
• America

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• Landed in Central and South America and started
  the colony Panama
• Conquered the Incan Empire
• Found lots and lots of gold
• All the gold that he found made Spain one of the
  wealthiest European countries
• Survived the expedition but later he was killed
  in Peru July 26, 1541

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Hernando Cortes

• Born in Extremadura, Spain in 1485
• Sailed to Tenochtitlan, Mexico in 1511
• Most famous voyage was to the Aztec Empire in
  1518
• Adventurous and traveled to become rich and
  famous
• Sailed from Spain to the new world
• Took two trips to Mexico

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• Landed in Mexico
• Conquered the Aztec Empire
• Aztecs thought Cortes was an Aztec god named
  Quetzalcoatl
• Found gold in the Aztec temples and land for
  Spain
• Killed Montezuma, the Aztec leader and became
  governor of New Spain
• Died in 1547 at 62 years old

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Spains Land Takings

• First I wanted the explorers to explore the new
  world. When they came back they told me of places
  where they heard of riches so I sent them there.
  The general area I wanted them to explore was the
  southwest region, ( California, New Mexico,
  Arizona, also some other places like Florida and
  Cuba.) Most of the explorers claimed the
  Southwest region. The Southwest region was so
  important to my country because of its gold,
  silver, and huge areas of land.

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The French Explorers

• by Susauna, Charlotte, Francesca, Jackson,
  Christopher

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French Kings

• King Francis I
• Ruled France, 1515-1547
• Francis I wanted to find the Northwest Passage
  that led to the Pacific.
• Like Louis XIV, he wanted his explorers to find
  goods from Asia such as spices, gold, and silver.
  He wanted them to get more knowledge, to claim
  land and colonies, spread Christianity, and find
  the Northwest Passage.
• Francis had them explore the Americas

• King Louis XIV
• Ruled France,1643-1715
• Like Francis, Louis XIV wanted to find the
  passage, but also claim land.
• He wanted them to find goods from Asia such as
  spices, gold, and silver. He wanted them to get
  more knowledge and, to claim land and colonies,
  spread Christianity, and find the Northwest
  Passage.
• Like Francis, Louis had them explore the
  Americas.

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French Explorers

• Sieur De La Salle
• Louis Jolliet
• Jacques Marquette
• Jacques Cartier
• Samuel Champlain

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Robert de La Salle

• Born in Raven Normandy
• Born on November 22, 1643
• Famous voyage began in 1669
• He sailed for France
• He went because he wanted to seek adventure and
  to trade with the natives
• He headed to North America (Canada but sailed
  down the Mississippi River)
• His route was sailing to Canada then sailed down
  the Mississippi River from the Great Lakes to the
  Gulf of Mexico
• He made around three voyages

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• First landed in Canada
• He claimed land near Montreal and land from the
  Appalachian Mountains to the Rocky Mountains
• He found Native Americans
• His discoveries were important because he found
  more land and also started fur trading with the
  natives.

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Marquette and Jolliet

• Marquette was born on June 1, 1637 in Laon,
  France
• Joliet was born in September near Quebec City,
  New France
• It started May 17,1673 and lasted for several
  months.
• They were sent by the king of France to travel
  the Mississippi River to see if the river led to
  the Pacific Ocean.
• Marquette and Jolliet were sent from New France
  to search for the Mississippi River in North
  America.
• They went to the Great Lakes region in North
  America, and traveled down the Mississippi
  River.
• They started in Michilimackinac which is in
  present day Michigan. They traveled down the
  Mississippi for two months until they reached the
  Arkansas river. Then, they turned around to
  return home.
• They only made one voyage because the Native
  Americans warned them about the Spanish. The
  Spanish werent very friendly to the French so
  they turned back.

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Marquette and Jolliet

• They didnt land at one certain place, they were
  exploring the river and stopped at many places
  along the way.
• They explored the Great Lakes and Mississippi
  area.
• They found the Indians and some Indian art. They
  saw buffalo and other wildlife that was not
  Native to the North were they started.
• The land was important because they found vast
  areas and new people and claimed it and all the
  land that touched it for France thereby giving
  France claim to a large section of the central
  United States and Canada.
• Marquette and Joliet survived their famous
  expedition.

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Jacques Cartier

• Cartier was born in 1491 at St. Malo, France
• He made his voyages in 1534 1535
• Cartier sailed for Canada
• King Francis I wanted to get gold other
  precious metals for France
• He hoped that he would reach China or India to
  buy silk, gold , silver etc., by finding a
  Northwest Passage that would lead to Asia.
• He went to North America
• He went down the St. Lawrence Water Way
• Cartier made 2 voyages in his lifetime

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Jacques Cartier

• Cartier went to Newfoundland on his
  1st voyage and further down the St. Lawrence
  Water Way on his 2nd voyage
• He claimed some land in Canada for France
• He met the St. Lawrence Iroquois People and the
  Mimic Indians
• He made good trade with the Natives
• He survived his expeditions but later died in 1557

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Explorer Samuel de Champlain

• Born in France in 1570
• He left on his voyages in 1603 and then 1604
• He sailed for France
• To find a sea route between Europe and Asia
• North America near Canada
• Samuel Champlain was sent on his voyage to
  explore the area which would soon be Canada and
  make accurate maps of it.
• He traveled to Eastern Canada, up the Saguenay,
  Saint Lawrence , and Richelieu rivers.
• He made two voyages

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Champlains Travels

• He landed near Canada and the St. Lawrence River
• He founded the Great Lakes, Quebec, and the St.
  Croix River
• He found the native American tribes like the
  Huron
• He founded a permanent colony/settlement called
  Quebec
• He survived, but later died of stroke

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LandClaimed

• The kings of France claimed land, like the land
  claimed by Francis I , near Gaspe. The French
  explorers claimed any land that drained into the
  Mississippi river and the province of Quebec.
• This was so important for France because they
  wanted more power for France, to claim colonies,
  and to spread Christianity. They also had fur and
  other natural resources

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The English Explorers

• by John, Chris, Kayla, Samantha

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• I am King Henry VII of England.
• I sent explorers such as Henry Hudson, Sir
  Francis Drake, and John Cabot for riches.
• They looked for spices, silk, and land.
• I wanted them to discover land.
• I sent them to explore Canada and the United
  States looking for a Northwest Passage.

England Flag
King Henry VII
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Explorers of England

• Henry Hudson
• Sir Francis Drake
• John Cabot

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Henry Hudsons Fast Facts

• Hudson was born in London, England on September
  12, 1565.
• He sailed for the far north. The king at that
  time was King Henry VII.
• He set sail in 1595 at the age of 30 years old.
• He sailed for England on his 1st,2nd and 4th
  voyage. On his 3rd voyage he sailed for Holland.
  
• The reason for his trip was to find a waterway
  between Europe to Asia.
• The part of the world he headed to was Canada
  even though he was looking for Asia.
• Hudsons route was to Iceland, to Greenland, and
  then to Canada.
• He made 4 voyages

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Henry Hudsons Voyage

• Hudson landed near the Hudson Bay in Canada
• He explored and claimed Canada.
• Hudson found new waterways that boats can sail
  in.
• The discoveries that were important were the
  Hudson Strait, Hudson Bay, and the Hudson River.
• Hudson claimed the Hudson River for the
  Netherlands (Holland) and claimed the land around
  Hudson Bay for England.
• Hudson survived 4 out of 5 of his expeditions.
  His crew did mutiny to him on his last trip.
• Sadly he died in
• 1611 after his crew
• mutinied him and he
• was never seen again.

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Sir Francis Drake

• Sir Francis Drake was born around the year 1541
  in Tavistock, England
• His first voyage was in 1564 when he attacked
  Spanish settlements in Peru
• In December of 1577, he set off on a trip around
  the world. He reached the coast of Brazil in
  April of 1578. On May 21st he entered the Straits
  of Magellan at the southern tip of South America.
• He turned northward and sailed up the coast of
  Chile and Peru attacking and destroying Spanish
  ships. He continued north along the coastline,
  exploring as far as Vancouver, Canada. Then he
  sailed across the Pacific Ocean to the Celebes
  and Java, and still westward to the Cape of Good
  Hope at the southern tip of Africa.
• He crossed the equator in July and sailed into
  Plymouth Harbor in September of 1580.
• The reason for my explorers trip was to find gold

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Sir Francis Drake

• My explorer went all around the globe
• My explorers famous voyage was when he traveled
  around the whole world and circumnavigated the
  globe, and raided Nombre de Dios, Panama
• He found land
• His discoveries were important because he found
  gold and because he was the first English
  explorer to go around the world.
• He did not survive his expedition

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John Cabot

• John was born in Genoa Italy around 1450.
• His first famous voyage was on May 2,1497.
• He sailed for England.
• He set sail because he wanted to find a water way
  to get silk and spices from the merchant. He
  didnt want to have to pay the Turk taxes.
• John wanted to go to China but instead he went to
  North America.
• The route he took was he went from England to an
  island in Canada. Then his second route was a
  mystery.
• John made 2 voyages.

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John Cabot

• After John left on his second voyage he was
  never seen from again.
• John claimed an island in Canada .
• John landed on the island were the Beathuk people
  lived and they found a trap that they used to
  catch animals and they also found a needle that
  they used to make fishing nets.
• He discovered land in Canada.
• It remains a mystery on where he landed.
• He was the first European since the Vikings to
  explore the mainland of North America and the
  first to search for the Northwest Passage.

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Land Discovered

• My explorers discovered much land, including
  Newfoundland, the Hudson Strait, Hudson Bay,
  Hudson River, New Albion (Near San Francisco), we
  raided Nombre de Dios and purchased Brookland
  Abbey. These discoveries were important because
  our country owned much more land than ever
  before. Though they never made it to their
  destination of Asia, their claims in eastern
  North America would one day lead to colonizing
  America.