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The European Explorers

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Title: The European Explorers


1
The European Explorers
Which way to the New World?
2
The Vikings
  • The Vikings were Scandinavian explorers who
    settled in Iceland.
  • Eric the Red created a settlement on Greenland
    and convinced others to join him.
  • His son, Leif Erickson, was the first European to
    settle in North America. This occurred in 1000AD.

3
Marco Polo
  • Born in 1254 in Venice, Italy
  • He left in 1271 with his father uncle
  • This was a 24 year expedition,
  • They wanted to travel directly to China and
    bringing back goods themselves, instead of
    trading with other merchants along the Silk Road,
    thereby increasing their profits.
  • Route Sailed south through the Mediterranean,
    then travelled southeast through Persia to China
  • Primarily travelled throughout Asia. After
    meeting the Kublai Khan Polo was given a golden
    passport to travel anywhere is Asia he wanted.

4
Marco Polo
  • Famous because he was among the first Europeans
    to explore the Orient
  • Marco Polo's written accounts of his travels were
    the first Western record of porcelain, coal,
    gunpowder, printing, paper money, and silk Polo
    wrote "Book of Ser Marco Polo" around 1298.
  • His stories were the basis for what much of
    Europe knew about Ancient China for many years
    and inspired future explorers to try to find new
    routes to Asia.

5
Christopher Columbus
  • Born in Italy in 1451
  • Obtained the money for his voyages from King
    Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain
  • His first voyage left Europe in 1492 he sailed
    west across the Great Ocean to find a faster
    water route to Asia.
  • Sailed with three ships
    Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria
  • On October 12th he landed on an island in the
    Bahamas, off the coast of North America.
  • He made a total of 4 trips between 1492 -1504 to
    the Caribbean and South America.

6
Christopher Columbus
  • While exploring the islands in the area and
    looking for gold to loot, Columbus' men traveled
    to the islands of Hispaniola, Cuba, and many
    other smaller islands. He established a base in
    Hispaniola.
  • Came in contact with various tribes of island
    natives, his crew captured many Indians and
    treated them as slaves.
  • Columbuss expeditions claimed all the land they
    found for Spain, and inspired other explorers to
    return to the area looking for the riches of
    Asia.
  • Columbus survived all of his expeditions, but
    never found the route to Asia he had hoped to
    find.

7
The Portuguese Explorers
  • by Shea, Kurt, Jack

8
King Manuel, King John 2
  • The Kings were King Manuel and King John II. They
    ruled Portugal. They sent explorers to find goods
    to trade, and to find a trade route to India. The
    kings were having the explorers look for an
    alternative route to India with no greedy
    merchants along the way. They had the explorers
    look for a sea route around Africa.

9
The Explorers
  • Bartholomeu Dias
  • Vasco Da Gama

10
Bartholomeu Dias
  • - Born1450 or 1451 in Portugal
  • Famous Voyage1487
  • Sail for Portugals King John II
  • Dias searched the southern waters of the Atlantic
    Ocean for an opening to the east and trade routes
    to India
  • Dias headed to Africas west cost
  • Route Rounded Southern part of Africa
  • Voyages made3-to Africa, India, and Brazil

11
  • - Landed at Cape of Good Hope
  • Gold Cost of Africa claimed
  • Discovered sea route between Europe at Cape of
    Good Hope
  • Importance First European to round southern tip
    of Africa
  • Died on 3rd trip to Brazil

12
Explorer Vasco Da Gama
D A G A M A
Facts
  • Born in Sines, Portugal 1460
  • He left on his voyage on July 8, 1498
  • King Manuel of Portugal sent him on his voyage
  • He went on his trip to establish a trade route
    between Portugal and India
  • He headed for Eastern Africa and India.
  • He left Portugal, sailed to Kenya and then along
    the western coast of Africa, and around the tip
    until he finally sailed up to India
  • Vasco Da Gama made 2 voyages in his life

13
Slide twoVasco Da Gama
Facts
  • He landed in in Calicut India in 1498.
  • He claimed a trade route between Portugal and
    India
  • He met Indian traders, African traders, and the
    Indian ruler of Calicut.
  • He established a trade route which he traded
    things for gold, silk, and perfumes .
  • He survived both of his voyages to India but
    later died in India after several years of being
    the viceroy there.

Picture of Vasco Da Gama
14
Claimed Land
  • The Portuguese explorers claimed two things.
    Bartholomeu Dias claimed the Gold Coast of Africa
    which expanded our territory. Vasco Da Gama
    claimed land around the new trade route to India,
    which helped Portugal become the richest country
    in the world for a short time. The Portuguese
    were the first Europeans to find the water route
    to Asia, and began a profitable trade with India.

15
The Spanish Explorers
  • by Thomas, Chloe, Marshall, Ryan,
  • Adam, Brooke, Alana, Bailey

16
King of Spain
  • King Charles the I (Carlos V) sent many explorers
  • The most important King of Spain is King
    Ferdinand the IV.
  • The motivation that made Spain send explorers to
    the New World is to expand knowledge of what the
    New World was like.
  • King Charles I and King Ferdinand VI had
    explorers look for gold and riches.
  • King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella ruled Spain
  • King Ferdinands motivation for sending out
    explorers was to gain land and get more territory
  • King Ferdinand set out explorers to get jewels,
    land, and to find a water route for Asia
  • King Ferdinand wanted them to claim over-seas
    territories, to take over land, and to make Spain
    more powerful
  • They went to explore Central America

17
Explorers of Spain
  • Vasco Balboa
  • Ferdinand Magellan
  • Amerigo Vespucci
  • Hernando De Soto
  • Ponce De Leon
  • Franciso Pizzaro
  • Hernando Cortez

18
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
  • Born Jerez de los Caballeros in Estremadura,
    Spain in 1475
  • First voyages where in 1501 and 1513
  • Balboa sailed for Spain
  • Balboa went on his voyage to find gold, silver,
    and other riches.
  • The part of the world he headed to was South
    America.
  • Balboa started in Spain, then Hispaniola, then
    lastly Darien (in Panama)
  • My explorer made 2 voyages

19
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
  • Balboa landed in Hispaniola and Darien (located
    in Central America) from there to Santo Domingo,
    from there back to Darién, and from there across
    the Isthmus of Panama, where he first saw the
    Pacific Ocean.
  • He claimed the Pacific Ocean and the land that
    touches it for Spain and explored Panama
  • Balboa found Native Americans, gold, and the
    Pacific Ocean.
  • Balboas discoveries where important because he
    found new land, found gold, and was the first
    European to see the Pacific Ocean. This was
    important, because if the Spanish could find
    their way around the Americas, they could
    continue their journey to Asia by going across
    the Pacific.
  • Balboa survived the expedition

20
Facts about Ferdinand Magellan
  • He was born in 1480 in Portugal
  • He sailed for Spain and the ruler was King
    Charles.
  • His famous voyage was on September 20, 1519.
  • He went on the trip because he wanted to reach
    the Spice islands and get spices and silk.
  • He wanted to go to Asia and India by heading for
    a water passage through the Americas.
  • He left Spain, crossed the Atlantic Ocean went to
    South America, went though a strait into the
    Pacific ocean, landed at the islands of the
    Philippines and then went to the island of
    Mactan.
  • He did one voyage.
  • He was the first person to circumnavigate the
    globe

21
Part 2 of facts about Ferdinand Magellan
  • The areas that were conquered, explored, and
    claimed where South America, the Philippines, and
    Mactan.
  • He landed in a harbor in South America.
  • He found Patagonians that were 7 feet tall and
    penguins and new animals.
  • Magellan was the first explorer to sail around
    the world. He showed that the oceans were
    connected and showed that the world was much
    bigger than people thought. He also showed that
    the earth was mostly water not land.
  • He did not survive the trip.

22
Amerigo Vespucci
  • March 9,1454 Florence, Italy
  • 1499
  • South America
  • To discover land
  • South America
  • Went to the northern part of South America
  • Went to the east coast of South America
  • 6 voyages

23
Land explored
  • Parts of South America
  • Brazil and Guiana
  • Two important rivers, the Amazon and the Para
  • He found new land
  • He survived his trips
  • He was the first explorer to
  • realize that the Americas were separate
  • from the continent of Asia. This made
  • people realize they would have to
  • go around these large pieces of land to get
  • to Asia.
  • America was named for him in 1507

24
Hernando De Soto
  • Born in 1500 at the town Jerez de los Cabaileros,
    Spain.
  • Sailed for Spain and the king is King Charles I
    (Carlos V).
  • His famous voyage was in 1538-1539.
  • He went for the glory of finding wealth, to
    colonize present-day Florida, and to convert
    Natives to Christianity.
  • He explored Florida, North America.
  • He went from Spain to Cuba to Florida.
  • He made 2 other voyages, 1514 to Panama with
    Pedro Arias Davila1532 to Peru with Francisco
    Pizarro.

25
  • De Soto landed in Tampa Bay, Florida.
  • De Soto explored Florida, Georgia, Alabama, and
    discovered the Mississippi River.
  • De Soto found Indians (Native Americans), copper,
    and pearls.
  • His discovery of the Mississippi River was
    important for transportation.
  • De Soto did not survive. He got a bad fever and
    was buried on the banks of the Mississippi River.

26
Juan Ponce de Leon
  • Born 1460s and in Spain
  • He only had one big voyage in 1513, first he went
    to St. Augustine Florida and then went to all the
    islands in the Bahamas
  • He sailed for Spain
  • He went on the voyage because he wanted to find
    the fountain of youth and gold and silver.
  • Ponce de Leon went north to find the fountain of
    youth
  • All together he made 5 voyages

27
Juan Ponce de Leon
  • First he landed in Puerto Rico, then Haiti. After
    that he was in Florida and finally in Cuba
  • He only landed in North America and many little
    Islands
  • He found a lot of gold and jewels
  • The king and queen of Spain paid for his trip so
    he had to repay them with gold and riches
  • When he went to Florida he was looking for the
    Fountain of Youth because he thought it would
    give him eternal youth. Some people say he was
    looking for silk and gold too.
  • He did not survive he died when a Indian shot him
    with a poisonous arrow

28
Francisco Pizarro
  • Born in 1475 in Trujillo, Spain
  • Most famous voyage to the Incan Empire in 1525
  • Sailed to Central South America
  • Dreamed of becoming rich and finding goods and
    lands
  • Traveled across the Atlantic Ocean to Central
    America and traveled along the Pacific Ocean to
    explore South America
  • Took six voyages to Central South
  • America

29
  • Landed in Central and South America and started
    the colony Panama
  • Conquered the Incan Empire
  • Found lots and lots of gold
  • All the gold that he found made Spain one of the
    wealthiest European countries
  • Survived the expedition but later he was killed
    in Peru July 26, 1541

30
Hernando Cortes
  • Born in Extremadura, Spain in 1485
  • Sailed to Tenochtitlan, Mexico in 1511
  • Most famous voyage was to the Aztec Empire in
    1518
  • Adventurous and traveled to become rich and
    famous
  • Sailed from Spain to the new world
  • Took two trips to Mexico

31
  • Landed in Mexico
  • Conquered the Aztec Empire
  • Aztecs thought Cortes was an Aztec god named
    Quetzalcoatl
  • Found gold in the Aztec temples and land for
    Spain
  • Killed Montezuma, the Aztec leader and became
    governor of New Spain
  • Died in 1547 at 62 years old

32
Spains Land Takings
  • First I wanted the explorers to explore the new
    world. When they came back they told me of places
    where they heard of riches so I sent them there.
    The general area I wanted them to explore was the
    southwest region, ( California, New Mexico,
    Arizona, also some other places like Florida and
    Cuba.) Most of the explorers claimed the
    Southwest region. The Southwest region was so
    important to my country because of its gold,
    silver, and huge areas of land.

33
The French Explorers
  • by Susauna, Charlotte, Francesca, Jackson,
    Christopher

34
French Kings
  • King Francis I
  • Ruled France, 1515-1547
  • Francis I wanted to find the Northwest Passage
    that led to the Pacific.
  • Like Louis XIV, he wanted his explorers to find
    goods from Asia such as spices, gold, and silver.
    He wanted them to get more knowledge, to claim
    land and colonies, spread Christianity, and find
    the Northwest Passage.
  • Francis had them explore the Americas
  • King Louis XIV
  • Ruled France,1643-1715
  • Like Francis, Louis XIV wanted to find the
    passage, but also claim land.
  • He wanted them to find goods from Asia such as
    spices, gold, and silver. He wanted them to get
    more knowledge and, to claim land and colonies,
    spread Christianity, and find the Northwest
    Passage.
  • Like Francis, Louis had them explore the
    Americas.

35
French Explorers
  • Sieur De La Salle
  • Louis Jolliet
  • Jacques Marquette
  • Jacques Cartier
  • Samuel Champlain

36
Robert de La Salle
  • Born in Raven Normandy
  • Born on November 22, 1643
  • Famous voyage began in 1669
  • He sailed for France
  • He went because he wanted to seek adventure and
    to trade with the natives
  • He headed to North America (Canada but sailed
    down the Mississippi River)
  • His route was sailing to Canada then sailed down
    the Mississippi River from the Great Lakes to the
    Gulf of Mexico
  • He made around three voyages

37
  • First landed in Canada
  • He claimed land near Montreal and land from the
    Appalachian Mountains to the Rocky Mountains
  • He found Native Americans
  • His discoveries were important because he found
    more land and also started fur trading with the
    natives.

38
Marquette and Jolliet
  • Marquette was born on June 1, 1637 in Laon,
    France
  • Joliet was born in September near Quebec City,
    New France
  • It started May 17,1673 and lasted for several
    months.
  • They were sent by the king of France to travel
    the Mississippi River to see if the river led to
    the Pacific Ocean.
  • Marquette and Jolliet were sent from New France
    to search for the Mississippi River in North
    America.
  • They went to the Great Lakes region in North
    America, and traveled down the Mississippi
    River.
  • They started in Michilimackinac which is in
    present day Michigan. They traveled down the
    Mississippi for two months until they reached the
    Arkansas river. Then, they turned around to
    return home.
  • They only made one voyage because the Native
    Americans warned them about the Spanish. The
    Spanish werent very friendly to the French so
    they turned back.

39
Marquette and Jolliet
  • They didnt land at one certain place, they were
    exploring the river and stopped at many places
    along the way.
  • They explored the Great Lakes and Mississippi
    area.
  • They found the Indians and some Indian art. They
    saw buffalo and other wildlife that was not
    Native to the North were they started.
  • The land was important because they found vast
    areas and new people and claimed it and all the
    land that touched it for France thereby giving
    France claim to a large section of the central
    United States and Canada.
  • Marquette and Joliet survived their famous
    expedition.

40
Jacques Cartier
  • Cartier was born in 1491 at St. Malo, France
  • He made his voyages in 1534 1535
  • Cartier sailed for Canada
  • King Francis I wanted to get gold other
    precious metals for France
  • He hoped that he would reach China or India to
    buy silk, gold , silver etc., by finding a
    Northwest Passage that would lead to Asia.
  • He went to North America
  • He went down the St. Lawrence Water Way
  • Cartier made 2 voyages in his lifetime

41
Jacques Cartier
  • Cartier went to Newfoundland on his
    1st voyage and further down the St. Lawrence
    Water Way on his 2nd voyage
  • He claimed some land in Canada for France
  • He met the St. Lawrence Iroquois People and the
    Mimic Indians
  • He made good trade with the Natives
  • He survived his expeditions but later died in 1557

42
Explorer Samuel de Champlain
  • Born in France in 1570
  • He left on his voyages in 1603 and then 1604
  • He sailed for France
  • To find a sea route between Europe and Asia
  • North America near Canada
  • Samuel Champlain was sent on his voyage to
    explore the area which would soon be Canada and
    make accurate maps of it.
  • He traveled to Eastern Canada, up the Saguenay,
    Saint Lawrence , and Richelieu rivers.
  • He made two voyages

43

Champlains Travels
  • He landed near Canada and the St. Lawrence River
  • He founded the Great Lakes, Quebec, and the St.
    Croix River
  • He found the native American tribes like the
    Huron
  • He founded a permanent colony/settlement called
    Quebec
  • He survived, but later died of stroke

44
LandClaimed
  • The kings of France claimed land, like the land
    claimed by Francis I , near Gaspe. The French
    explorers claimed any land that drained into the
    Mississippi river and the province of Quebec.
  • This was so important for France because they
    wanted more power for France, to claim colonies,
    and to spread Christianity. They also had fur and
    other natural resources

45
The English Explorers
  • by John, Chris, Kayla, Samantha

46
  • I am King Henry VII of England.
  • I sent explorers such as Henry Hudson, Sir
    Francis Drake, and John Cabot for riches.
  • They looked for spices, silk, and land.
  • I wanted them to discover land.
  • I sent them to explore Canada and the United
    States looking for a Northwest Passage.

England Flag
King Henry VII
47
Explorers of England
  • Henry Hudson
  • Sir Francis Drake
  • John Cabot

48
Henry Hudsons Fast Facts
  • Hudson was born in London, England on September
    12, 1565.
  • He sailed for the far north. The king at that
    time was King Henry VII.
  • He set sail in 1595 at the age of 30 years old.
  • He sailed for England on his 1st,2nd and 4th
    voyage. On his 3rd voyage he sailed for Holland.
  • The reason for his trip was to find a waterway
    between Europe to Asia.
  • The part of the world he headed to was Canada
    even though he was looking for Asia.
  • Hudsons route was to Iceland, to Greenland, and
    then to Canada.
  • He made 4 voyages

49
Henry Hudsons Voyage
  • Hudson landed near the Hudson Bay in Canada
  • He explored and claimed Canada.
  • Hudson found new waterways that boats can sail
    in.
  • The discoveries that were important were the
    Hudson Strait, Hudson Bay, and the Hudson River.
  • Hudson claimed the Hudson River for the
    Netherlands (Holland) and claimed the land around
    Hudson Bay for England.
  • Hudson survived 4 out of 5 of his expeditions.
    His crew did mutiny to him on his last trip.
  • Sadly he died in
  • 1611 after his crew
  • mutinied him and he
  • was never seen again.

50
Sir Francis Drake
  • Sir Francis Drake was born around the year 1541
    in Tavistock, England
  • His first voyage was in 1564 when he attacked
    Spanish settlements in Peru
  • In December of 1577, he set off on a trip around
    the world. He reached the coast of Brazil in
    April of 1578. On May 21st he entered the Straits
    of Magellan at the southern tip of South America.
  • He turned northward and sailed up the coast of
    Chile and Peru attacking and destroying Spanish
    ships. He continued north along the coastline,
    exploring as far as Vancouver, Canada. Then he
    sailed across the Pacific Ocean to the Celebes
    and Java, and still westward to the Cape of Good
    Hope at the southern tip of Africa.
  • He crossed the equator in July and sailed into
    Plymouth Harbor in September of 1580.
  • The reason for my explorers trip was to find gold

51
Sir Francis Drake
  • My explorer went all around the globe
  • My explorers famous voyage was when he traveled
    around the whole world and circumnavigated the
    globe, and raided Nombre de Dios, Panama
  • He found land
  • His discoveries were important because he found
    gold and because he was the first English
    explorer to go around the world.
  • He did not survive his expedition

52
John Cabot
  • John was born in Genoa Italy around 1450.
  • His first famous voyage was on May 2,1497.
  • He sailed for England.
  • He set sail because he wanted to find a water way
    to get silk and spices from the merchant. He
    didnt want to have to pay the Turk taxes.
  • John wanted to go to China but instead he went to
    North America.
  • The route he took was he went from England to an
    island in Canada. Then his second route was a
    mystery.
  • John made 2 voyages.

53
John Cabot
  • After John left on his second voyage he was
    never seen from again.
  • John claimed an island in Canada .
  • John landed on the island were the Beathuk people
    lived and they found a trap that they used to
    catch animals and they also found a needle that
    they used to make fishing nets.
  • He discovered land in Canada.
  • It remains a mystery on where he landed.
  • He was the first European since the Vikings to
    explore the mainland of North America and the
    first to search for the Northwest Passage.

54
Land Discovered
  • My explorers discovered much land, including
    Newfoundland, the Hudson Strait, Hudson Bay,
    Hudson River, New Albion (Near San Francisco), we
    raided Nombre de Dios and purchased Brookland
    Abbey. These discoveries were important because
    our country owned much more land than ever
    before. Though they never made it to their
    destination of Asia, their claims in eastern
    North America would one day lead to colonizing
    America.
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