Physiological Effects of Tobacco

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Physiological Effects of Tobacco

• HS 460

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• Tobacco related deaths are the single most
  preventable cause of death in the world.
• Annually in the United States
• More than 419,000 tobacco related deaths
  including more than 53,000 deaths from second
  hand smoke

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Carcinogenic Agents (Several Hundred)

• I.e. acetone, arsenic, benzopyrene, phenol, tar,
  nicotine, etc.

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Paralysis of Respiratory Cilia

• i.e. acrolein, aldehyde, ammonia, nitrogen
  dioxide, hydrocyanic acid, etc.

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Toxic Substances (poisons- over 200)

• i.e. nicotine, carbolic acid, CO2, CO, methyl
  alcohol, etc.

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Respiratory Tract Irritations

• Formic acid
• Tars (pyridine)
• Glycerin
• Dyethylene glycol

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Those substances also lead to

• Peptic ulcer irritation
• Low child birth weight
• Premature births
• Miscarriage
• Still births
• Neonatal deaths
• Cancer

• 20 of the unsuccessful pregnancies would have
  been successful had the mother not smoked

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Child Birth

• Smoking Mother
• Low birth weight
• Premature births
• Still births
• Neonatal deaths
• Smoking Father (non-smoking mother-no second hand
  smoke)
• Greater increase in child birth problems (similar
  to but lower than that of smoking mother)
• Second hand smoke
• Greater increase in child birth problems

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Age people begin smoking

• Preteens (10)
• Teenage years (80)
• Post teen years (10)
• 90 will start during college age years.
• If a person gets beyond their mid-twenties and
  doesnt smoke they probably wont smoke.

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Flavoring Agents (additives)

• Almost every flavoring agent known to man has
  been added to tobacco
• Most commonly- pipe tobacco

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Filters

• Usually end up with more tar and nicotine
• Explain- diagram on board

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Pollution (several thousand pollutants identified
in tobacco smoke)

• Anyone who claims to be concerned with pollution
  and smokes is a hypocrite- with no qualifications

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Loss of tissue elasticity

• Arteries
• Greater increase CVD- heart attacks and strokes
• Alveoli
• Greater increase in respiratory disorders
• Bronchitis
• Asthma
• Lung cancer
• Skin (leathery)
• Increase physiological aging process
• Increase skin cancer

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Heart Stimulant

• Potentially increase pulse greater than 30
  beats/min.
• Duration of greater than 30 min.
• Exercise similar increase in beats/min.
• Duration of 5 min. or less
• Smoking results in no physiological benefits

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Vasoconstrictor

• Greater risk of frostbite in cold temperatures
• Chronically- gangrene