Effects of Tobacco Use

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Effects of Tobacco Use
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Nicotine

• Addictive drug a substance that causes
  physiological or psychological dependence
• Stimulant a drug that increases the action of
  the central nervous system, the heart, and other
  organs
• Raises blood pressure
• Increases heart rate
• Contributes to heart disease and stroke

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Cigarette Smoke

• Cigarette Smoke is a Class A Carcinogen (EPA,
  1992)
• Carcinogen cancer-causing substance
• Tar
• A thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco
  burns
• Destroys cilia tiny hairlike structures that
  line the upper airways and protect against
  infection
• Damages the alveoli (air sacs) which absorb
  oxygen and rid the body of carbon dioxide
• Destroys lung tissue
• More susceptible to diseases like bronchitis,
  pneumonia, emphysema, and cancer
• Carbon Monoxide
• A colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas
• It is easier for blood to hold carbon monoxide
  instead of oxygen

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Tar Coated Lung
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Harmful Effects of Pipes and Cigars

• Cigars contain more nicotine and produce more tar
  and carbon monoxide than cigarettes
• Nicotine in 1 cigar nicotine in 1 pack of
  cigarettes
• Increased risk of developing cancers of the lip,
  mouth, and throat

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Harmful Effects of Smokeless Tobacco

• Smokeless tobacco tobacco that is sniffed
  through the nose, held in the mouth, or chewed
• NOT safe!!! contain 28 carcinogens
• Delivers nicotine two to three the amount
  delivered by a single cigarette
• Dips/chew 8 to 10 smoking 2 packs a day
• Leukoplakia thickened, white, leathery-looking
  spots on the inside of the mouth that can develop
  into oral cancer
• Cancers throat, larynx, esophagus, stomach, and
  pancreas

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Short-Term Effects of Tobacco Use

• Changes in brain chemistry
• Increased respiration and heart rate
• Dulled taste buds and reduced appetite
• Bad breath and smelly hair, clothes, and skin

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Long-term effects of tobacco use

• Chronic bronchitis
• Emphysema
• Lung cancer
• Coronary heart disease and stroke
• Constrict blood vessels
• Cuts down on circulation
• Plaque build up - Arteriosclerosis

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Other consequences

• Legal consequences
• Social consequences
• Financial consequences

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Reduced Tobacco Use Among Teens

• Antismoking campaigns
• Tobacco companies fund
• Financial cost
• Societal pressures
• Family influence

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Benefits of Living Tobacco Free

• Lowers risk of lung cancer, heart disease, and
  stroke
• Improves cardiovascular endurance and lung
  function
• Not dependent on an addictive substance
• Less stress
• Helps a person look and feel better

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Strategies for Preventing Use of Tobacco

• Choose friends who dont use tobacco
• Avoid situations where tobacco products may be
  used
• Practice and use refusal skills I statement
  format skills
• Continue to build Developmental Assets

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Reasons to give up tobacco use

• Begin to have health problems
• Have the desire, will, and commitment
• It is too expensive
• Using tobacco can lead to other risky behaviors
• Learn the damaging effects

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Stopping the Addiction Cycle

• Nicotine withdrawal the process that occurs in
  the body when nicotine, an addictive drug, is no
  longer used
• Symptoms
• Irritability, difficulty, concentrating, anxiety,
  sleep disturbance, and cravings
• Nicotine substitute
• A product that delivers small amounts of nicotine
  into the users system while he or she is trying
  to give up the tobacco habit
• Nicotine gum/patch

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Tips for Quitting

• Prepare for the day
• Get support
• Identify available health-related services
• Replace tobacco use with healthier alternatives
• Change daily behavior
• Engage in healthful behaviors

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Risks for Smokers and Nonsmokers

• Environmental tobacco smoke 2nd hand smoke
  air that has been contaminated by tobacco smoke
• Mainstream smoke exhaled smoke
• Sidestream smoke smoke from the burning end

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Effects on Smoke on Nonsmokers

• Environmental tobacco smoke contains more than
  4,000 different chemical compounds (43
  carcinogens)
• Effects
• Eye irritation
• Headaches
• Ear infections
• Coughing
• Worsens asthma and other respiratory problems
• Lung cancer 3,000 diagnosed/year

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Effects on Unborn Children

• Nicotine passes through the placenta
• Constricts blood vessels of fetus
• Carbon monoxide reduces the oxygen levels
• Impaired fetal growth
• Miscarriage
• Prenatal death
• Premature delivery
• Low birth weight
• Deformities
• Stillbirths
• SIDS

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Effects on Small Children

• Tend to have a higher incidence of sore throats,
  ear infections, and upper respiratory problems
• Double the risk of developing lung cancer

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A Smoke-free society

• Taking steps to prohibit smoking in public places
• Non-smoking areas

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Benefits of Quitting

• After 24 hours your chance of a heart attack
  decreases
• After 48 hours Nerve endings start repairing -
  your sense of smell and taste will improve
• Between 2-3 weeks circulation improves, walking
  becomes easier, and lung function increases

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Benefits of Quitting

• 1-9 months you may notice improvements in these
  areas coughing, sinus congestion, fatigue, and
  shortness of breath
• 1 year smoke-free excess risk of coronary heart
  disease is reduced to half of that of a smoker
• 5 years stroke risk is reduced to that of
  people who have never smoked

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Benefits of Quitting

• 10 years risk of lung cancer drops to ½ of
  smokers
• 10 years risk of cancers of the mouth, throat,
  esophagus, bladder, kidney, and pancreas
  decreases
• Risk of ulcers decrease

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Benefits of Quitting

• 15 years - Risk of Coronary Heart disease is the
  same as those who have never smoked
• 15 years - Risk of Death is nearly the level of
  those who have never smoked