Cardiovascular = Circulatory System

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Cardiovascular Circulatory System

• Blood

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Blood

• General functions
• Amount of blood
• 5-6 liters in males, 4-5 liters in females
• 8 of body weight

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FORMED ELEMENTS

• Cells
• 45 blood

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Erythrocytes RBCs

• 4-5 million/mm3
• Hemoglobin
• Iron
• Function
• Color

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RBCs

• Hemopoiesis
• Erythropoiesis (2 million/second)
• Life span about 120 days
• Destroyed and recycled by liver spleen
• Erythropoeitin

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RBCs

• Stay in blood vessels
• ABO system
• Antigen
• Antibody
• A,B,AB,O blood types

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RBCs

• Rh factor
• Erythroblastosis fetalis

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Leukocytes WBCs

• 5000-9000/mm3
• Granulocytes
• Neutrophils (pale granules, segmented nucleus,
  most numerous, phagocytosis)
• Eosinophils (red granules, segmented nucleus,
  phagocytosis, attacks parasites)
• Basophils (purple granules, semented nucleus,
  releases histamine heparin

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• Agranulocytes
• Lymphocytes (T B, immunity, round nucleus)
• Monocytes (bean-shaped nucleus, foamy cytoplasm,
  exit bloodstream enlarge and become MACROPHAGES)

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• Life span
• Formation

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Function of WBCs

• Phagocytosis
• Lytic enzymes
• Macrophages
• Antibodies
• Plasma Cells
• Vaccination
• T cells

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Thrombocytes Platelets

• 100,000-300,000/mm3
• Stays in blood vessels
• Life span
• Production in bone marrow

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Hemostasis

• Vascular constriction
• Platelet plug formation
• ADP

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Hemostasis - Coagulation

• Conversion to an insoluble fibrin clot
• Clotting factors
• Fibrinogen is converted to Fibrin
• By Thrombin precursor is prothrombin
• Liver makes clotting factors
• Vitamin K

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Coagulation

• Extrinsic mechanism
• 15-20 seconds
• Initiates with damaged tissue releasing
  thromboplastin
• Intrinsic mechanism
• 1-2 minutes
• Hemophilia

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Clot Retraction

• 30-60 minutes later
• Serum

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Clot Control

• Heparin from mast cells
• Basophils
• Endothelium is smooth

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Fibrinolysis

• Clot dissolution
• Plasmin

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Intravascular Clotting

• Thrombus
• Embolus (Embolism)

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Plasma

• 55 of blood
• Water Over 90
• Proteins
• Albumin
• Globulin
• Fibrinogin

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Interstitial Fluid

• Similar to plasma
• Bathes tissues