Circulatory System in Animals

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Circulatory Systemin Animals
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Feeding Energy Needs

• Why do we need a circulatory system?
• supplies in
• _______________________
• ______________________
• _______________________
• ______________________
• waste out
• _______________________
• ______________________
• need to pick up deliver the supplies wastes
  around the body
• _______________________

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Circulatory System

• Organ
• ______________
• Tissues cells
• ______________
• ______________
• ______________
• ______________
• ______________
• ______________
• ______________

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Vertebrate Heart

• 4-Chambered heart
• ____________ (atrium)
• ____________________
• collection chamber
• receive blood
• __________________
• ____________________
• pump blood out

leftatrium
rightatrium
rightventricle
leftventricle
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Lub-dub, lub-dub

• 4 valves in the heart
• flaps of connective tissue
• ___________________________
• Heart sounds
• ___________________________
• Lub
• force blood against closed AV valves
• Dub
• force of blood against semilunar valves
• Heart murmur
• _________________________________________
• blood squirts backward through valve

SL
AV
AV
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Electrical signals
stimulates ventricles to contract from bottom to
top, driving blood into arteries
allows atria to empty completely before
ventricles contract

• heart pumping controlled by electrical impulses
• signal also transmitted to skin ________

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Cardiac Cycle
atria emptyinto ventricles
How is this reflected in blood pressure
measurements?
chambers beginto fill
pump (peak pressure) __________________ fill
(minimum pressure)
ventriclespump
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Measurement of blood pressure
if top number gt 150 or if bottom number gt 90
hypertension (high blood pressure)
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Circulatory SystemBlood Vessels
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Blood vessels
__________
artery
veins
arterioles
arterioles
venules
__________
venules
__________
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Arteries Built for their job

• ________________
• __________________________
• _____________________
• provide strength for high pressure pumping of
  blood
• elastic stretchable

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Major arteries
________
__________ to head
to brain left arm
to right arm
to body
___________________
_____________________to lungs
coronary arteries
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Coronary artery bypass
bypass surgery
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Veins Built for their job
Blood flows toward heart

• _______________________
• ______________________
• ______________________
• blood travels back to heart at low speed
  pressure
• why low pressure?
• far from heart
• blood flows because muscles contract when we
  move
• squeeze blood through veins
• valves in large veins
• in larger veins one-way valves allow blood to
  flow only toward heart

Open valve
Closed valve
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Major Veins
_________________________ from upper body
_____________________ from lung
___________________ from lung
_______________________ from lower body
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Structure-function relationship

• ____________________
• __________________
• __________________ __________________
  ____________________________________
• ____________________________________
• ____________________________________

body cell
waste
CO2
O2
food
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Circulation of Blood
Circulationto lungs

• 2 part system
• Circulation to lungs
• ____________________
• ____________________
• ________________________________________
• Circulation to body
• ________________________________________
• ________________________________________
• ________________________________________

lungs
heart
body
Circulationto body
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Vertebrate circulatory system

• 2 part system

lungs
arteryto lungs
vein from lungsto heart
heart
vein from bodyto heart
artery to body
body
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Stops along the way

• Lungs
• ____________________________________________
• Small Intestines
• ____________________________________________
• Large Intestines
• ____________________________________________
• Liver
• ____________________________________________

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More stops along the way

• Kidneys
• __________________________________________
• __________________________________________
• Bone
• __________________________________________
• Spleen
• __________________________________________

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Circulatory System Homeostasis

• Homeostasis
• keeping the internal environment of the body
  balanced
• ___________________________________
• ___________________________________
• ___________________________________
• Exercise
• ___________________________
• need more ATP
• bring in more O2 food remove more CO2 waste
  out
• Disease
• _____________________________________
• need to work harder to bring in O2 food
  remove wastes

food
waste
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Circulatory SystemBlood
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Blood blood cells

• Blood is a tissue of fluid cells
• ____________________
• liquid part of blood
• dissolved salts, sugars, proteins, and more
• ____________________
• _______________________
• transport O2 in hemoglobin
• _______________________
• defense immunity
• _______________________
• blood clotting

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Blood Cell production
ribs, vertebrae, breastbone pelvis

• ______________
• __________________________________________________
  __
• develop into all the different types of blood
  cells
• red blood cells
• white blood cells

white blood cells
white bloodcells
red bloodcells
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Red blood cells

• Small round cells
• ___________________________
• 5 liters of blood in body
• 5-6 million RBC in drop of human blood
• ___________________________
• ______________________________
• 3 million RBC destroyed each second

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Hemoglobin

• _________________________________
• 250,000 hemoglobin proteins in one red blood cell

O2
O2
O2
O2
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Blood clotting
emergency repair of circulatory system
chemicalemergencysignals
protein fibersbuild the clot
plateletsseal the hole
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Cardiovascular disease

• Atherosclerosis Arteriosclerosis
• ___________________________________________
• develop in inner wall of the arteries, narrowing
  their channel
• ___________________________________________
• _________________________________________________
  _____________________________________

normal artery
hardening of arteries
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Cardiovascular health
bypass surgery

• Risk Factors
• _____________________
• _____________________
• high animal fat
• _____________________
• smoking
• lack of exercise

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Heart Disease
Heart disease death rates 1996-2002Adults ages
35 and older
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Women Heart Disease
Death rates for heart disease per 100,000 women,
2002

• Risk factors
• Smoking
• Lack of exercise
• High fat diet
• Overweight

• Heart disease is 3rd leading cause of death among
  women aged 2544 years 2nd leading cause of
  death among women aged 4564 years.

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