BS3916 Thinking about Management

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BS3916 Thinking about Management

• 1 Linear and non-linear thinking

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BS3916 Thinking about Management1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• Linear thinking is the term which can be applied
  to applying processes of deduction so as to move
  from the known to the unknown
• Fawlty Towers example
• If the cat (having eaten a poisoned steak)is NOT
  ill then the Food Inspector MAY be poisoned..
• As the cat appears to be ill, then the Food
  Inspectors steak is sound
• When the cat is not ill, then its steak is sound
  and can be served to the Food Inspector etc. etc.

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• Thinking in the West is drawn from The Gang of
  three i.e.
• Socrates
• Plato
• Aristotle
• (according to Edward de Bono of Lateral
  Thinking fame)

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• Socrates
• sought to uncover the truth by a process of
  constant questioning in the course of
  discussions, he would get opponents to discover
  the weakness of their own arguments
• Saw his role as a helping to give birth to the
  correct insight

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• Plato
• We can only have inexact knowledge acquired
  through the senses, but true knowledge acquired
  through pure reason
• Recall the Myth of the Cave
• The philosophic state
• Body Soul Statehead reason rulerschest wi
  ll auxiliariesabdomen appetite labourers

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• Aristotle
• All objects are observed in categories (e.g.
  animal, vegetable, mineral)
• The founder of logic in which we defineper
  genus et differentiam(what is the category an
  object is in ? What sets is apart from others?)
• e.g.Man is the only animal that can talk)

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• Linear thinking has given us
• Mathematics
• Scientific method
• Superior technology
• and is not to be dismissed lightly!

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• Proof of Pythagoras
• Angle ABCangle ADB
• ? AB/AD AC/AB
• ? AB ² AC.AD
• Similarly
• BC ² AC.DC
• AB ² BC ² AC.ADAC.DC
• AC(ADDC)
• AC ²

B
A D C
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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• Otherwise called convergent thinking
• QuestionWhat were the causes of the American War
  of Independence?
• AnswerThe American War of Independence had 6
  causes
• The first cause was
• The second cause was

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• Divergent Thinking
• You are constructing a railway line between
  cities A and B
• Give an account of the economic,geographical,pol
  itical, psychological and any other factors that
  are likely to spell success or failure

A
B
B
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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• Exercise
• In one minute, write down as many uses as you
  can for the use of a brick

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• Attacks have been made upon Convergent thinking
  in at least two directions
• Lateral Thinking (Edward de Bono) examples
  include
• Why not drill for oil down and then sideways
• Why not discourage cars from parking by making
  them leave headlights on all day
• Why not encourage good graffiti (street art)
  rather than clearing up after it all the time ?
• Make four triangles from six pencils (or similar)

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• FUZZY THINKING (Bart Kosko)
• Everything is a matter of degree
• Go from an uneaten apple to an eaten apple is a
  half-eaten apple still an apple ?
• Bertrand Russells barber (who is bearded) says
  I shave all, and only, those men who do not
  shave themselves.. So who shaves the barber?
• Hence the possibility of A and Not-A ?

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• De Bonos CoRT (Cognitive Research Trust)
• 1 Breadth
• 2 Organisation
• 3 Interaction
• 4 Creativity
• 5 Information and Feeling
• 6 Action

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• Example of CoRT 1 (Breadth)
• PMI (Plus, Minus, Interesting)
• CAF (Consider All Factors)
• CS (Consequences and Sequels)
• AGO (Aims,Goals, Objectives)
• FIP (First Important Priorities
• APC (Alternatives, Possibilities, Choices)
• OPV (Other Peoples Views)

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• De Bonos Six Hats

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• De Bonos 5 stages of thinking
• TO Where are we going to
• LO Lo and behold what can we see/need
• PO Lets generate possibilities
• SO So what is the outcome?
• GO Go to it put plans into action

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking
Mind Mapping
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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• Emotional Intelligence (Daniel Goleman)
• Emotional intelligence, "is a type of social
  intelligence that involves the ability to monitor
  one's own and others' emotions, to discriminate
  among them, and to use the information to guide
  one's thinking and actions" (Mayer Salovey,
  1993 433). According to Salovey Mayer (1990),
  EI subsumes Gardner's inter- and intrapersonal
  intelligences, and involves abilities that may be
  categorized into five domains

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• Dimensions of Emotional Intelligence 1
• Self-awareness
• Observing yourself and recognizing a feeling as
  it happens.
• Managing emotions
• Handling feelings so that they are appropriate
  realizing what is behind a feeling finding ways
  to handle fears and anxieties, anger, and
  sadness.
• Motivating oneself
• Channelling emotions in the service of a goal
  emotional self control delaying gratification
  and stifling impulses.

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

• Dimensions of Emotional Intelligence 2
• Empathy
• Sensitivity to others' feelings and concerns and
  taking their perspective appreciating the
  differences in how people feel about things.
• Handling relationships
• Managing emotions in others social competence
  and social skills.
•  

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BS3916 Thinking about Management 1 Linear and
non-linear thinking

•  
• Read about EQ
• http//eqi.org/history.htm