The Civil Rights Movement Expands

1
The Civil Rights Movement Expands

• Chapter 29 Section 4
• The American Nation Prentice Hall, 2000

2
What You Need To Know

• Define and Identify
• Major goals of the civil rights movement of the
  1960s and 1970s
• Differing views on how to achieve civil rights
• Affirmative actionwhat it is and who it affects
• The assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.
• Progress made in African American rights

3
More You Need to Know

• The influence of Mohandas Gandhi
• Civil rights organizationswho, what, goals,
  successes, failures
• Civil rights issues faced by groups other than
  African Americans
• Stereotypingwhat it is and its relation to civil
  rights

4
Changing Tactics

• During the 1940s there were sit-ins and freedoms
  rides that tried to call attention to the need
  for civil rights reform.
• Only a few people participated in these early
  attempts however, they served as the forerunners
  of the tactics used in the civil rights movement
  of the 1950s and 1960s.
• During this time, the court rooms and
  legislatures were the sites of much of the civil
  rights activities.

5
Imagine you are a civil rights activist in the
1950s, 1960s, or 1970s. Which approach to civil
rights would you have supported? First fill in
the chart and then answer the questions below.

• Which approach(es) would have been least
  acceptable to you? Why?
• Decide which approach you think you would have
  supported, and explain
• the reasons for your decisions.

6
The Influence of Mohandas Gandhi

• Gandhi was a Hindu leader who practiced and
  taught non-violence and civil disobedience as
  ways to achieve goals.
• In India, Gandhi led peaceful protests against
  unfair labor practices . He also led protests
  against British rule of India.
• Gandhi became known as Mahatma, or Holy One.

7

• Gandhi was the model for many in the American
  civil rights movement, especially Martin Luther
  King, Jr.
• The Freedom Riders, those participating in
  sit-ins and marches, and other protesters used
  Gandhis tactics of passive resistance and
  non-violent civil disobedience.
• Often, peaceful protesters were met with
  violence.

8
Civil Rights Legislation

• The Civil Rights Act of 1964
• The Twenty-fourth Amendment
• The Voting Rights Act

9
New Voices and Views

• For those who thought peaceful protest was too
  slow or ineffective, radical groups and leaders
  emerged.
• The Black Panthers believed that it would take
  violence to achieve their goals.
• Malcolm X called for a separation of the races
  in order to achieve equality and success.
• Throughout the country, especially in some of the
  larger cities, anger over discrimination,
  unemployment, and poverty led to riots.
  Businesses were looted and burned, many were
  injured, and many died.

10
Martin Luther King, Jr.

• King continued to espouse non-violence in all
  areas of society. When he spoke against the
  Vietnam War, Reverend King was criticized because
  some thought it would take attention away from
  the civil rights movement. King remained firm in
  his belief.
• Sadly, Martin Luther King, Jr. was assassinated
  in 1968 before his goal of civil rights was
  completed.

11
Did the Dream Come True?

• Read the excerpt from Martin Luther Kings I
  Have a Dream Speech on page 867 of the text.
  What was his dream?
• Next re-read pages 814-816 which describes
  advances and, also, continued unrest.
• If you were living during that time, would you
  feel that the dream of MLK had come true?
• What about today?

12
Below list three civil rights advances made by
African Americans in the 1970s

13
Affirmative Action

• Affirmative action means that businesses and
  universities had to take measures to ensure equal
  opportunities for minorities and women.
• This has been controversial from the very
  beginning, both for and against.
• Several lawsuits have been brought to the Supreme
  Court based on the issue of affirmative action
  however, the Court has upheld as many cases in
  favor of affirmative action as it has against.
  So the issue has not been totally resolved.
• Do you think that the government should regulate
  businesses and universities to ensure equality?
  Discuss how this is fair and unfair. Do you see
  it as necessary?

14
Gains for Women

• List below some of the discrimination faced by
  women
• List below some of the gains made by women

15
The ERA

• In the 1970s an attempt was made to get the Equal
  Rights Amendment ratified. This would have
  guaranteed equal rights for women.
• Some women, like Phyllis Schlafly, opposed this
  amendment. What were the two main reasons for
  their opposition to this amendment?
• How valid do you consider their arguments?
  Explain your reasons.

16
Rights for Latinos

• What were problems faced by Mexican immigrants?
• Why did many Puerto Ricans come to the United
  States in the 1950s?
• Why did many Cubans come to the United States?
• What were some advances made by Latin American
  groups?

17
Asian Americans

• Asian Americans also face discrimination and took
  part in the civil rights movement.
• What were some of the grievances of Asian
  Americans?
• What was the purpose of the Asian American
  Political Alliance?

18
Native Americans

• Ever since the Europeans arrived in the New
  World, the Native Americans have suffered at
  their hands. Many treaties have been made and
  broken by the U.S. government. The Indians have
  been robbed of their land, and their culture has
  been all but destroyed. They continue to
  experience discrimination in many areas. Poverty
  and alcoholism are two of the more negative
  results of the poor treatment they have received.

19
Native American Advances

• In what ways has the U.S. government policy
  toward the Native Americans changed over the
  years?
• In what ways have Native Americans actively
  fought for full rights?
• What is the purpose of the American Indian
  Movement?

20
Stereotypes

• To stereotype means to assign a quality or
  behavior to a group of people. For example,
  because some teenagers get in trouble with the
  law, some people might say that all teenagers are
  troublemakers.
• Stereotyping uses false logic and emotion to
  describe and categorize groups of people.

21
Have you ever heard any examples of stereotyping?
If so, what were they? Have you ever
experienced stereotyping? How did it make you
feel? What problems do you think might be caused
because one group stereotypes another
group? How might stereotyping lead to
discrimination? What solutions do you see to
solve the problem of stereotyping? What
connection is there between what you have learned
about the civil rights movement and stereotyping?