The Rise of Empire

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• The Rise of Empire

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• MAIN THEMES
• The impact of the changing technologies of war.
• How colonists who had enjoyed considerable
  freedom within the British Empire came to regard
  themselves as slaves of that empire.
• Why, after a considerable period of laxness,
  England made sharp policy changes designed to
  significantly increase its control over the
  colonial economy.
• How colonists who had generally prospered within
  the British Empire rose up in rebellion against
  that empire.

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The Struggle for the Continent

• Moves Toward Empire  
• Centralization of the Colonies
• Albany Plan of Union
• Amerindian Empires
• New France and the Huron Nation
• Creoles
• Iroquois Confederacy  
• Cherokee Nation

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Northeastern tribes, including the Huron, and the
Iroquois Five Nations Federation"
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MERCANTILISM THE IDEA THAT A NATION'S EXISTENCE
DEPENDED ON POWER, AND POWER DEPENDED ON WEALTH.
ECONOMY OF WEALTH FINITE AMOUNT OF RESOURCES
AND WEALTH IN WORLD THEORY OF TRADE TRADE A
NECESSARY EVIL / PURE TRADE IMMORAL MILITARY
NAVY MORE IMPORTANT THAN ARMY NAVIGATION ACTS
BEGINNING IN 1651. THESE ACTS WERE DESIGNED TO
CONTROL TRADE WITH THE COLONIES IN THE INTEREST
OF THE MOTHER COUNTRY. THE TRIANGLE TRADE
ROUTES
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THE TRIANGLE TRADE ROUTES
1. COLONISTS TRADED THEIR PRODUCTS FOR SUGAR
AND MOLASSES IN THE WEST INDIES. 2. SHIPS
CARRIED SUGAR AND MOLASSES BACK TO THE COLONIES
WHERE THEY WERE MADE INTO RUM. 3. SHIPS
CARRIED RUM AND GUNS TO AFRICA. IN AFRICA THESE
WERE EXCHANGED FOR SLAVES. 4. SLAVES WERE
SHIPPED TO THE WEST INDIES OR TO THE COLONIES AS
THIS FORM OF TRADE GREW.
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TYPES OF STATES
COERCION APPLICATION, THREATENED OR ACTUAL,
THAT CAUSES LOSS OR DAMAGE TO PERSONS OR
POSSESSIONS CAPITAL ANY TANGIBLE MOBILE
RESOURCES OR ENFORCEABLE CLAIMS ON THOSE
RESOURCES. CAPITALIST PEOPLE WHO SPECIALIZE
IN THE ACCUMILATION, PURCHASE, AND SALE OF
CAPITAL.
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GROWTH OF ARMIES 1600
1700
RUSSIA 35,000 170,000 DUTCH
20,000 100,000 ENGLAND 30,000 292,000 FRANCE
80,000 400,000
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ADVANCES IN THE TECHNOGIE OF WAR
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PERIOD FIREARMS
Hand Gonne - circa 1400 The Flash
Pan Matchlock - Mid 1400s Flintlock - circa
1612 Percussion Cap - 1805
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Hand Gonne - circa 1400
The Flash Pan
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Matchlock - Mid 1400s
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Flintlock - circa 1612
Percussion Cap - 1805
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The Three Great Fortresses of North America
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1689-1697 WAR OF THE LEAGUE OF AUGSBURG KING
WILLIAMS WAR
Woodland Warrior
Louis XIV
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1702-1713 WAR OF THE SPANISH SUCCESSION / QUEEN
ANNS WAR
Attempt to Exterminate Spanish Missions by South
Carolina Governor James Morris in 1702-04
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1744-1748 WAR OF THE AUSTRIAN SUCCESSION /
KING GEORGES WAR WAR OF JENKINS EAR
The Castillo de San Marcos, built 1672-1695,
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1745 The first siege of Louisbourg. It is
captured by the New Englanders
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1756-1763 THE GREAT WAR FOR EMPIRE
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Massacre at Fort William Henry
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The Great War for the Empire
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The New Imperialism

• Burdens of Empire
• George III 
• War Debt
• New Realities of Taxation

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The British and the Tribes Proclamation Line of
1763
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THE GREAT AWAKENING (1734-1740)
Jonathan Edwards
George Whitefield
John Wesley

• Evangelism 
• Pre-Denominational
• Role of Women
• Role of Lower Classes
• Old Lights / New Lights

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THE GREAT AWAKENING (1734-1740)

John Wesley (1703-1791)
Jacob Arminius (1560-1609)
The Three Arminian Methods of Methodist
Society Do no harm, avoid evil of every
kind, Do good of every possible sort,
Attend upon all the ordinances of God


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THE GREAT AWAKENING (1734-1740)
Jonathon Edwards (1703-1758)
Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God (1741)
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Ben Franklin

• The Enlightenment
• European science
• European intellectualism
• Undermining of traditional authority 
• Literacy and Technology
• Almanacs 
• Printing Presses
• Education
• Community based education
• Early Colleges
• Secularism

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Secular Calvinism The Weber Thesis
Max Weber 1864-1920

The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of
Capitalism (1920)
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CHRISTIAN VS ENLIGHTENMENT IDEALS
CHRISTIAN
ENLIGHTENMENT
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Natural Law Theory ARISTOTLE (384-322 BCE)
Laws obtained by reason by examination of the
material world. AUGUSTINE (354-530) Unjust Law
is not law at all. THOMAS AQUINAS (1224-1274)
Morality as Natural Law JOHN CALVIN (1541)
Human depravity and Gods hand in the
World HUGO GROTIUS (1583-1645) Law of
Nations THOMAS HOBBES (1588-1679) State of
War JOHN LOCKE (1632-1704) Natural Right of
Property JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU (1712-1778) The
General Will
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• The Development of Empire  
• The Dominion of New England
• Charles II
• James II
• Edmund Andros

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• The Development of Empire  
•  Toleration Act of 1649
• The Glorious Revolution of 1688

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TIMELINE THE REVOLTING EIGHTEENTH CENTURY 1715
/ 1745 Jacobite Revolts 1715 - Yamasee
War 1729 - Natchez War   1737 - Stono
Rebellion   1759-1761 Cherokee war   1764
Pontiacs Rebellion   1775-1783 American
Revolution  
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• THE PHILOSPHY OF REVOLT 
•  
• CLASSICAL LIBERALISM
• VS
• CLASSICAL REPUBLICANISM
• -------------------------------------------
  ----------
• INDIVIDUAL VS COMMUNITY
• PERSONAL LIBERTY VS COMMON GOOD
• ASPIRATION VS PRACTICAL WISDON

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John Locke (1632-1704).
CLASSICAL LIBERALISM THE MODERN FAITH IN FREE
INQUIRY, NATURAL RIGHTS, ECONOMIC LIBERTY, AND
DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT.
Nicolo Machiavelli (1469-1527)
CLASSICAL REPUBLICANISM ORNATE ARISTOCRATIC,
PRISCRIPTIVE, ACD CONCERNED WITH THE COMMON GOOD
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Stirrings of Revolt

• The Sugar Act, 1764
• The Currency Act, 1764
• The Stamp Act Crisis, 1765
• The Townshend Program
•  Quartering Act, 1765
• Townshend Duties, 1767
• The Boston Massacre, 1770 
• Samuel Adams 

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Lexington and Concord