The Byzantine Empire and Russia

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The Byzantine Empire and Russia

• Section 1 The Byzantine Empire
• Section 2 The Rise of Russia
• Section 3 Shaping Eastern Europe

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Section 1 The Byzantine Empire

• Summary
• The emperor Justinian expanded the Byzantine
  empire, erected grand buildings, and established
  a code of laws

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Section 1 The Byzantine Empire

• During the Middle Ages, the cities of the Western
  Roman Empire crumbled
• At the same time, the eastern part, called the
  Byzantine empire, became a rich center of world
  trade
• The Eastern Greek Orthodox Church, not the Church
  of Rome, became the religion of the East

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Section 1 The Byzantine Empire

• Emperor Justinian ruled the Byzantine empire from
  527 to 565
• Justinian wanted his empire to be as great as
  ancient Rome
• He started a building program to make the city of
  Constantinople beautiful

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Section 1 The Byzantine Empire

• Justinians most important accomplishment was his
  collection of all the laws of ancient Rome
• Justinians Code as this collection of laws came
  to be known, influenced legal thinkers for
  hundreds of years

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Section 1 The Byzantine Empire

• The Byzantine empire lasted 1,000 years
• Byzantine emperors built a strong government,
  that was supported by an equally strong economy
• Byzantine civilization blended Christian beliefs
  with Greek science, philosophy, arts, and
  literature

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Section 1 The Byzantine Empire

• Scholars preserved the classic works of ancient
  Greece and wrote their own histories
• They also expanded Roman engineering and law

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Section 1 The Byzantine Empire

• However, in 1453, the Ottoman Turks conquered
  Constantinople
• Despite this defeat, Byzantine culture continued
  to influence western civilizations for centuries

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Section 2 The Rise of Russia

• Summary
• In its early years Russia was influenced by the
  Slavs, Vikings, Byzantines, and Mongols

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Section 2 The Rise of Russia

• In the 700s and 800s, the Vikings settled among
  the native Slavs on the vast Eurasian plain
• These two groups mixed and became the early
  Russians
• The city of Kiev was the center of the first
  Russian state

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Section 2 The Rise of Russia

• Other civilizations influenced the early Russians
• Byzantine missionaries brought Christianity to
  Russia
• In time, Byzantine Christians formed the Russian
  Orthodox Church

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Section 2 The Rise of Russia

• The Russians borrowed from Byzantine art, music,
  and architecture
• They built their churches with Byzantine-style
  domes

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Section 2 The Rise of Russia

• In the early 1200s, fierce warriors called the
  Mongols conquered Russia
• The Absolute power of the Mongols served as a
  model for later Russian rulers
• Most important, Mongol rule cut Russia off from
  western Europe while Europeans were advancing in
  science and art

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Section 2 The Rise of Russia

• Little by little, the princes of Moscow grew more
  powerful
• The location of their city on river trade routes
  helped
• When the Russian Orthodox Church moved to Moscow,
  the city became the spiritual capital of Russia

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Section 2 The Rise of Russia

• In 1380, the princes of Moscow defeated the
  Mongols
• Czar Ivan the Great brought most of northern
  Russia under his control
• Ivan the Great, and his grandson, Ivan the
  Terrible were absolute rulers
• Together they began a tradition of absolute power
  government in Russia

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Section 2 The Rise of Russia

• 1200-1300s Mongols
• Force Russian to accept their rule
• Force Russians to pay tribute
• Introduce absolute power

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Section 2 The Rise of Russia

• 1462-1505 Ivan the Great
• Limits power of the nobles
• Takes title of czar
• Claims ruler was like highest god

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Section 2 The Rise of Russia

• 1547-1584 Ivan the Terrible
• Centralizes royal power
• Takes power from the nobles
• Kills nobles who revolt
• Destroys towns that do not support him

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Section 3 Shaping Eastern Europe

• Summary
• Ethnic diversity contributed to the varied
  cultural traditions of Eastern Europe

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Section 3 Shaping Eastern Europe

• During the Early Middle Ages, many different
  groups settled in Eastern Europe
• West Slavs settled in Poland
• South Slavs and other ethnic groups moved into
  the Balkans
• Jews went to Poland to escape persecution in
  Western Europe
• Waves of Asian peoples, such as the Huns and
  Magyars, also migrated into the area

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Section 3 Shaping Eastern Europe

• As a result of this immigration, Eastern Europe
  became a region of many different peoples,
  languages, and cultures

South Slavs
Jews
Eastern Europe
Huns
West Slavs
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Section 3 Shaping Eastern Europe

• Eastern Europe was made up of many small kingdoms
• These kingdoms often fought with each other
• Wars and alliances caused the blending of cultures

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Section 3 Shaping Eastern Europe

• Powerful neighboring states also influenced
  Eastern Europe
• Byzantine missionaries brought Eastern Orthodox
  Christianity and Byzantine culture
• German missionaries and knights spread Roman
  Catholic Christianity to Poland and Hungry

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Section 3 Shaping Eastern Europe

• Eastern European kingdoms faced threats from
  inside and out
• The Kingdom of Poland fought against Germans,
  Russians, and Mongols
• In 1386, Poland formed an alliance with another
  powerful kingdom, Lithuania, that made the
  combined nation very powerful

Poland
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Section 3 Shaping Eastern Europe

• However, Polish nobles slowly gained power, which
  would later cause the decline of Poland

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Section 3 Shaping Eastern Europe

• Both Hungary and Serbia had some success
  enlarging their kingdoms
• However, both were eventually conquered by the
  Ottoman Turks

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Path of Ottoman