Rhizopus sporangium

1
Rhizopus sporangium
Zygomycota
2
Septate hyphae
Ascomycota
3
Penicillium conidia
Ascomycota
Exposed spores
Conidium
4
Aspergillus
Ascomycetes
conidium
Exposed spores
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae(yeast)
Ascomycetes
6
Saccharomycesasexual vs sexual reproductive
structures
Ascomycota
budding
ascus
7
Streak Plate

• Procedure
•   1.  Flame the loop and wire and streak a
  loopful of broth as at A in the diagram.   2. 
  Reflame the loop and cool it.   3.  Streak as at
  B to spread the original inoculum over more of
  the agar.   4.  Reflame the loop and cool it.  
  5.  Streak as at C.   6.  Reflame the loop and
  cool it.   7.  Streak as at D.   8.  Label the
  plate and incubate it inverted.

 
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Colony Morphology
9
M. tuberculosis colonies on Lowenstein-Jensen
medium
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Acid Fast Stain
Acid Fast
Non Acid Fast
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Lowenstein Jensen medium
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Gram stain procedure
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• Gram stain

Gram positive
Gram negative
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Normal MicrobiotaWhere gram positive vs gram
negative?
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Streptococcus
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Blood agar
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Mitis Salivarius Agar
S. salivarius on M-S agar Large, pale blue,
opaque, mucoid colonies
S. mutans on M-S agar Raised, convex, undulate,
opaque, pale blue colonies,
S. salivarius Glistening "gum-drop" colonies
S. mutans granular "frosted glass" appearance.
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Staphylococcus
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PRMS Agar
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Catalase Test
-
Staphylococcus are cat Streptococcus are
cat-
Bacillus are cat Clostridium are cat-
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Staphylococcus ID
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DNA Agar
positive
negative
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Coagulase
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Staphaurex
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EMB agar
Lactose negative
Lactose positive
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Enterotube
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Triple Sugar Iron
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TSI Slant
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Carbohydrate Utilization
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EMB agar
Lactose fermenter
E. coli
Lactose non-fermenter
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MacConkey Agar
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MacConkey Agar
Lactose pos
Lactose neg
33
(No Transcript)
34
Spore stain
35
Starch Agar
Starch hydrolysis positive
Starch hydrolysis negative
36
Anaerobic Jar
Blue oxygen present
Step 1.
H2 and CO2 evolved
H2 O2 ? H2O
Step 2.
Palladium metal catalyst required This reaction
removes oxygen
37
Skim milk broth
Clots gas digestion
38
Thioglycollate Broth
Fluid Thioglycollate broth is a reducing medium.
It contains sodium thioglycollate, which reacts
with molecular oxygen keeping free oxygen levels
low with higher levels of oxygen at the top of
the tube, and a complete absence of oxygen at the
bottom of the tube. Fluid thioglycollate broth
also typically contains a redox potential
indicator such resazurin, which produces a pink
color in the presence of oxygen. As with the BHI
media, organisms will only be able to grow where
their oxygen requirements are met, and will
localize to the area(s) of their oxygen
requirements in the fluid thioglycollate broth
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Kirby-Bauer Test
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Effect of Heat on bacteria
Effect UV on bacteria
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UV disinfection
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Hand washing
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Antiseptics Disinfectants
Kirby-Bauer Test