Cardiovascular System

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Cardiovascular System

• Body System
• Mrs. Pogue
• Health 1000

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Why the Blood Circulates

• The cardiovascular system provides
  __________________________________________________
  ______________.

• Your heart pumps blood to your bodys cells 24
  hours a day, even when youre asleep.

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Why the Blood Circulates

• Your heart accomplishes these important tasks

• ___________________________ from the lungs to
  body cells

• Absorbing nutrients from food and delivering
  nutrients to body cells

• Carrying carbon dioxide from your cells back to
  your lungs to be exhaled

• Delivering other waste products to the kidneys
  for removal from the body

• Helping the ________________ cells fight disease
  by attacking infectious organisms

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How the Blood Circulates

• The cardiovascular system consists of the heart,
  blood, and blood vessels.

• Your heart is the muscle that makes the
  cardiovascular system work.

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The Heart

• Inside the heart are four chambers separated by a
  wall of tissue called the septum.
• The two top chambers are called the ________.
• The two lower chambers are called
  ________________.

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The Heart

• Valves between the atria and ventricles allow
  blood to flow through the chambers.
•  
• At the top of the right atrium is an area of
  muscle that acts as a pacemaker for the heart.

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The Heart and Lungs
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How Blood Circulates

• Pulmonary circulation is the process by which
  blood moves between the heart and the lungs.
• Blood that has lost oxygen and picked up carbon
  dioxide and wastes receives fresh oxygen in the
  lungs.

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Blood

• Blood is the fluid that ______________,
  ___________, and nutrients to the cells and
  carries away wastes.

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Blood
Components of Blood
Red Blood Cells
WhiteBlood Cells
________
________
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Blood

• About 55 percent of total blood volume consists
  of ___________, which is mainly water, but it
  also contains nutrients, proteins, salts, and
  hormones.

____________
The fluid in which other parts of the blood are
suspended
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Blood

• Red blood cells make up about 40 percent of
  normal blood. They contain __________________.

______________
The oxygen-carrying protein in blood
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Blood
Surrounding and ingesting the organisms that
cause disease
White blood cells have one of three purposes
Forming antibodies that provide immunity against
a second attack from that specific disease
Fighting allergic reactions
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Blood

• When the wall of a blood vessel tears,
  ___________ collect at the tear and form a clot
  that blocks the flow of blood.

______________
Types of cells in the blood that cause blood
clots to form
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Blood

• Millions of each type of blood cell can be found
  in just 1 millimeter of blood.

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Blood
Humans have one of four types of blood.
A
B
AB
O
(contains antigens)
(contains antigens)
(contains antigens)
(does not contain antigens)
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Blood

• A person with blood types A, B, or AB must
  receive blood from someone with the same blood
  type due to the antigens or from someone with
  type O blood because it has no antigens.

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Blood

• People with type O blood are called universal
  donors, because anyone can receive their blood.

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Blood Vessels
Arteries
The Three Main Types of Blood Vessels
Capillaries
Veins
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Blood Vessels

• _____________ are vessels that branch into
  progressively smaller vessels called arterioles,
  which deliver blood to capillaries.

____________
Blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away
from the heart
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Blood Vessels

• ________________ reach almost all body cells.
  Capillaries near the skins surface can dilate or
  constrict to adjust body temperature.

_______________
Small vessels that carry blood from arterioles
and to small vessels called venules, which empty
into veins
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Blood Vessels

• The large ___________, the vena cava, carry
  deoxygenated blood to the right atrium. Pulmonary
  veins carry oxygenated blood to the left atrium.

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How Lymph Circulation Works

• Lymph is filtered by lymph nodes, small
  bean-shaped organs found in lymph vessels.
•  
• White blood cells within lymph nodes trap and
  destroy pathogens.

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Blood Pressure

• Maintaining blood pressure in the cardiovascular
  system is important for proper blood circulation.

Blood pressure
A measure of the amount of force that the blood
places on the walls of blood vessels,
particularly large arteries, as it is pumped
through the body
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Blood Pressure
___________________
The maximum pressure as your heart contracts to
push blood into your arteries.
A blood pressure reading includes two numbers.
____________________
The pressure at its lowest point when your
ventricles relax.
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Blood Pressure

• A healthy persons blood pressure will vary
  within a normal range of below 120/80.
•  
• Blood pressure that is above 140/90 is considered
  high and places a strain on the heart.
•  

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Cardiovascular System Problems
Conditions of the heart that are present at
birth.
Congenital heart defects
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Lymphatic System Problem
Your tonsils help reduce the number of pathogens
entering the body through the respiratory system.
If the tonsils become infected, tonsillitis
results.
Tonsillitis
Immune deficiency results if the immune system is
weakened and can no longer protect the body
against infection.
Immune deficiency
Also called Hodgkins lymphoma, this type of
cancer affects the lymph tissue in lymph nodes
and the spleen.
Hodgkins disease
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Sources

• Glencoe Health 2009
• http//www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/images/enc
  y/fullsize/19192.jpg
• http//www.eurobloodsubstitutes.com/images/heartCi
  rcul_arteries.gif
• http//www.rci.rutgers.edu/uzwiak/AnatPhys/Blood_
  Vessels_files/image004.jpg
• http//www.astrographics.com/GalleryPrints/Display
  /GP2146.jpg