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Chapter 5 Section 5

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Title: Chapter 5 Section 5


1
Chapter 5 Section 5
  • Party
  • Organization

2
The Decentralized Nature of the Parties
  • National, State, and Local levels of political
    parties often operate separate from each other.
  • There is no chain of command from national
    level to local level.
  • They are loosely connected through the National
    organization but often have different factions
    and internal fighting.

3
Party Leaders
  • The President is the leader of the party in
    power.
  • Party out of power has no equal leader. Usually
    several different people competing with one
    another.
  • During election year, presidential candidate is
    the leader for the party out of power.

4
The Impact of Federalism on Decentralization of
Parties
  • The American Federal system has several
    government officials at the National, State, and
    Local level.
  • These officials are elected into office.
  • Due to the American government being so
    decentralized, so are the political parties.

5
The Role of the Nominating Process in the
Decentralization of Political Parties.
  • The nominating process is intraparty (within the
    party).
  • Because the process is within the party, it puts
    candidates in the same party against one another.
  • Ex. Hillary Clinton
  • and
  • Barack Obama

6
4 basic elements of major parties at the national
level.
  • National Convention meets in the summer of
    every presidential election year to nominate
    partys candidate. Also writes partys platform
    and partys rules.
  • National Committee in theory handles partys
    affairs between conventions. Has several members
    from each state and other territories. Looks
    good on paper but no real power. Main purpose is
    to organize conventions.

7
4 elements cont
  • National Chairperson leader of the national
    committee. Chosen at a meeting after national
    convention, serves 4 year term. In between
    elections works with a small staff to strengthen
    party.
  • Congressional Campaign Committees each party
    has a campaign committee in each house of
    congress. Work to help incumbents get re-elected
    and make sure that open seats remain in the party.

8
Party Structure State Level and Local Level
  • State - Headed by State central committee and a
    State level chairman. Attempt to unify party
    members at the state level.
  • Local - Follow state electoral lines. Usually a
    party unit for each district that has elective
    offices. Somewhat inactive until a few months
    before elections.

9
Local Organization
  • Ward Unit that cities are divided for election
    of city council members.
  • Precinct Smallest unit of voting
    administration voters in each precinct report to
    one polling place.

10
3 Components of a Party
  • The party organization those who give their
    time, money, and skills to the party.
  • The party in the electorate those who usually
    vote straight party ticket.
  • The party in government partys officeholders
    at all levels of government.

11
Declining Political Parties
  • Growing number of voters that identify as
    independents.
  • Increase in split-ticket voting.
  • Changes that have made party more open but have
    led to greater internal conflict (ex direct
    primary)
  • Changes in technology have made candidate less
    dependent on party organizers.
  • Growth of single-issue organizations. They
    support candidate based on their cause not the
    party beliefs.
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