Chapter 20: Protists

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Chapter 20 Protists

• Ariel Macias Muna Lamis Ibrahim

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The Kingdom Protista

• Any organism that is not a plant, animal, fungus
  or prokaryote
• Protists are eukaryotes that arent from the
  kingdoms plantae, animalia, or fungi.
• Not all protists are unicellular
• In Greek, protista means the very first

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The Kingdom Protista

• Lynn Margolis discovered that the first
  eukaryotes evolved from a symbiosis of many cells
• Classification of Protists
• Obtain nutrition
• Heterotrophs animal-like protists
• Produce their own food plant-like protists
• External digestion fungus-like protists

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The Kingdom Protista

• Animal-like protists
• Protozoa
• Distinguished by movement
• Zooflagellates swim with flagella
• Sarcodines extension of cytoplasm
• Ciliates cilia
• Sporozoans dont move on their own
• Recycle nutirents by breaking down matter.

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The Kingdom Protista

• Zooflagellates
• Zoomastigina Phylum
• Swim using flagella (1 or 2)
• Absorb food cell membranes
• Lakes/streams/bodies of other organisms
• Asexual reproduction
• Giardia

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The Kingdom Protista

• Sarcodines
• Phylum Sarcodina
• Pseudopods for movement
• Amoeba amoeboid movement cell follows
  pseudopod
• Surround their food which is stored in a food
  vacuole

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The Kingdom Protista

• Ciliates
• Phylum Ciliophora
• Cilia short hairlike projections
• Fresh/salt water
• Paramecium
• Trichosysts use for defense, Macronucelus keeps
  multiple copies of DNA, Micronucleus reserve
  copy of al the cells genes, Gullet sweep food
  into gullet, Anal pore food is emptied,
  Contractile vacuole expells excess water
• Conjugation exchange genetic material

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The Kingdom Protista

• Sporozoans
• Phylum Sporozoa
• Parasitic, no movement on own
• Plasmodium ? malaria
• Plant-like protists
• Contain chlorophyll, carry out photosynthesis,
  motile
• Commonly called algae
• Euglenophytes, Chrysophytes, Diatomas,
  Dinoflagellates

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The Kingdom Protista

• Euglenophytes
• Two flagella, no cell wall
• Found in/near ponds and streams
• Eyespot
• Pellicle cell membrane
• Reproduce asexually binary fission

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The Kingdom Protista

• Chrysophytes
• Golden Plants
• Bright yellow pigments
• Cell walls made of pectin
• Store food in the form of oil

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The Kingdom Protista

• Diatoms
• Phylum Bacillariophyta
• Cell walls rich in silicon
• Dinoflagellates
• Phylum Pyrrophyta
• Photosynthetic heterotrophs
• Luminescent fire plants

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The Kingdom Protista

• Plantlike protists Red, Brown, and Green Algae
• Phylum Rodophyta red algae
• Chlorophyll A, accessory pigment phycobillin,
  absorb blue light
• Phylum Phaeophyta brown algae
• Chlorophylls A C, pigment fucoxanthin
• Phylum Chlorophyta green algae
• Chlorophylls A B, store food as starch

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The Kingdom Protista

• Fungus-like protists
• Heterotrophs
• Saprobes
• Unlike fungi, they have centrioles and lack
  chitin cell walls
• Cellular slime molds
• Acellular slime molds
• Water molds

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The Kingdom Protista

• Cellular Slime Molds
• Phylum Acrasiomycota
• Aggregated amoebas
• Migrating colony
• Fruiting body
• Acellular Slime Molds
• Phylum Myxomycota
• Cells fuse to produce a plasmodium
• Sporangia spring from plasmodium
• Produce haploid spores

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The Kingdom Protista

• Spores scatter and germinate into flagellated
  cells ? fuse and produce diploid zygotes
• Water Molds
• Phylum Oomycota
• Dead matter in water
• Produce hyphae
• Cell walls made of cellulose
• Antheridium male nuclei
• Oogonium female nuclei

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• Good Luck on the Final!!! Love Ariel Muna lt333