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Chapter 20 - Protists

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Chapter 20 - Protists Characteristics: Eukaryotic Unicellular - may be colonial or filamentous (Spirogyra and Volvox) Animal-like, Plant-like, or Fungus-like ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Chapter 20 - Protists


1
Chapter 20 - Protists
2
Characteristics
  • Eukaryotic
  • Unicellular - may be colonial or filamentous
    (Spirogyra and Volvox)
  • Animal-like, Plant-like, or Fungus-like
    characteristics

3
ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY
4
Animal-like Protists
  • First animals
  • Classification is based on method of mobility
  • Four Phyla
  • Protozoa
  • Ciliophora
  • Sarcomastigophora
  • Apicomplexa

5
Phylum Protozoa
  • Amoeba, Radiolarians and Formanifera
  • Move using pseudopods or false feet
    Pseudopods are used for movement and
    phagocytosis of food
  • Entamoeba histolytica Amoebic dysentery

6
AmoebaAmoeba Feeding
7
Feeding
8
                     Actinosphaerium                 Actinosphaeriumclose up of axial rods                    Amoeba proteus                         Chaos-chaosshown withParamecium
                 Arcella                                                   Difflugia
                    Entamoeba                Entamoeba-cyst                                      Paramoeba
 
9
Phylum Ciliophora
Paramecium, Stentor, Didinium, Vorticella Have
cilia for mobility
10
Structures
  • Contractile vacuole Regulates water pressure
  • Trichocysts defense mechanisms
  • Macronucleus binary fission
  • Micronucleus conjugation
  • Gullet food is packaged into food vacuoles
  • Oral groove cilia lined to sweep food into
    gullet

11
Paramecium
Euplotes
Paramecium w/ trichocysts
Didinium
Stentor
Vorticella
12
Didinium feedingParamecium feeding
13
Phylum Sarcomastigophora
  • Giardia (Giardiasis),Trypanosoma (African
    Sleeping Sickness carried by Tse Tse fly
  • Have flagella for mobility
  • Many are parasitic and cause intestinal distress

14
Phylum Apicomplexa
  • Plasmodium (Malaria carried by mosquitoe)
    Toxoplasmosis
  • Nonmotile
  • Parasitic
  • Reproduce by forming spores in host cells

15
Malarial Life Cycle
16
Plant-like Protists
  • Classified by their main pigment
  • Euglenophyta Euglena
  • Move using Flagella
  • Eyespot as a photoreceptor to keep organism in
    photic zone
  • May be auto or heterotrophic

17
2. Pyrrophyta Fire algae
  • Dinoflagellates have two flagella
  • Luminescent give off light
  • Produce a neurotoxin cause Red Tides when they
    bloom and Paralytic Shellfish poisoning in
    clams and oysters. Blooms concentrate in shell
    fish then into fish which we eat. Weaken or even
    kill biomagnification example

18
Red Tides
  • Caused by a bloom in Dinoflagellates
  • Produce neurotoxins
  • Responsible for large die-offs of marine
    organisms and seabirds

Karenia brevis
19
Bacillariophyta Diatoms
  • Diatoms - Silica shell
  • Diatomaceous earth as filtering and also
    abrasives
  • Store food as oil (buoyancy)

20
4. ChlorophytaGreen algae
  • Volvox and Spirogyra
  • May have flagella or be immobile like Spirogyra
  • Main pigment is Chlorophyll a b

21
Fungus-like Protists
  • Slime molds Found in nutrient rich materials
    like mulch, compost and thick wet lawns.
  • Absorptive heterotrophs
  • 2 stages in life
  • Single amoeba-like cells
  • Mold-like mass that produce spores

22
Under The Microscope, Animal-Like
23
Under The Microscope, Plant-Like
24
Volvox
Spirogyra
Euglena
Vorticella
Amoeba
Stentor
Peranema
Blepharisma
Paramecium Didinium
Diatoms
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