Prsentation PowerPoint

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Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations Regional
Office for the Near East Regional
Workshop on WILDELIFE CONSERVATION AND PROTECTED
AREA MANAGEMENT IN THE NEAR EAST
REGION Damascus, Syria 25-28 May 2009
WILDLIFE CONSERVATION AND PROTECTED AREA
MANAGEMENT IN TUNISIA
ABID Habib Sous Directeur de la Chasse et des
Parcs Nationaux Ministère de lAgriculture et des
Ressources Hydrauliques Direction Générale des
Forêts
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SUMMARY

• Protected areas in Tunisia.
• The Strategy for Conservation and Development of
  the Flora and Fauna wild and Protected Area (2001
  2011).
• The National Strategy for the Conservation and
  Restoration of Sahelo-Saharan Antelopes and their
  habitats in Tunisia (2001-2020).
• Implementation of strategies.

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INTRODUCTION
Protected areas in Tunisia include 8 national
parks, 19 natural reserves, 4 wildlife reserves
and 20 wetlands of international importance
(RAMSAR). 17 new protected areas will be
created.
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the climatic conditions of Tunisia vary greatly
throughout the country. Yearly rainfalls vary
from a few millimeters in the south to over 1500
mm in the northern mountains.  
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There are 7 major ecosystems in Tunisia
coastal, island, wetland, mountain, steppe,
desert and oasis. One of the goals of national
park program is to have a park representing each
of the major ecosystems in Tunisia.
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There are 2200 species of plants in Tunisia. Of
the 870 species of plants that are rare,
threatened or endemic in North Africa (IUCN,
1980). About 75 species of mammals, 400 species
of birds, and more than 500 species of herpes and
fish can still be found.
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STRATEGY FOR CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF
FLORA AND FAUNA WILD AND PROTECTED AREA IN
TUNISIA
Established in 2001, the national conservation
strategy consists of four parts -
Diagnosis and analysis of the current situation.
- Ten - Year Plan. - A model management plan.
- Annexes.
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GENERAL PRESENTATION OF THE STRATEGY
Conservation Strategy include Nine components
1 Institutional and legal situation of the
conservation sector. 2 Current situation of
natural and artificial habitats, and their
respective importance, ecological, economic and
social. 3 Existing protected areas and NP / NR
in planning. 4 Analysis of the sector of the
hunting as activity of management and use of
wildlife. 5 Socio-economic aspect. 6 Analysis
of the research sector. 7 Human resources and
the training needs. 8 Current structures of
management and the current profits. 9 A pilot
integrated management plan.
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ANNEX OF STRATEGY

• Annex include,
• 1. The list of flora and fauna protected in
  Tunisia.
• 2. The standards for a breeding and
  Reintroduction program of ungulates/antelopes.
• 3. A specification for the design - installation
  of museums in national parks.
•  4. The terms of reference (TOR) studies which
  are proposed for the preparation and the
  implementation of the strategy, such as
•   TOR for the studies of National Parks
  management plans.
• TOR for a study of ecotourism development
  aspect.
• TOR for a study on the development prospects of
  hunting activities.
• TOR for a permanent inventory of wildlife.
• and Literature consulted.

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The ten-year action plan of the strategy
For a total amount of about 60 millions US
dollars, the action plan have. Global
Objective Sustainable development of
natural resources of Tunisia. Specific Target
Creation of an integrated system of protected
areas managed according to criteria of
sustainable development.
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Expected Results
Result 1 Structures and institutional capacities
are improved. Result 2 Legislative system
corresponds to the needs of management. Result 3
Current state of biodiversity known and
monitoring system established. Result 4 System
of protected areas implemented according to the
representativeness of all ecosystems
characteristic in Tunisia. Result 5 Planning of
integrated and participatory management of
protected areas and measures for development and
management proposed. Result 6 The protected
areas and their buffer zones reconstructed and
able to play an appropriate role in the
conservation and Sustainable development. Result
7 The economic potential of activities in
relationship with the sustainable use of
resources and protected areas will be developed.
Result 8 A program of dissemination, awareness
and environmental education is proposed Result 9
A program for monitoring and permanent evaluation
of the activities is defined and operational.
Result10 A program of research with national
and international research organization is
developed.
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ACTIVITIES AND SUB ACTIVITIES OF STRATEGY

• The action plan includes 10 results, thirty
  activities and 90 sub-activities.
• They refer to many aspects of intervention
• Institutions
• Legislation
• Conservation and biodiversity
• System of protected areas
• Management of protected areas, wetlands and
  urban forests
• Socio-economic aspect
• Use of natural resources
• Research, training, awareness and dissemination

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The National Strategy for the Conservation and
Restoration of Sahelo-Saharan Antelopes and their
habitats in Tunisia (2001-2020)  
Main Objectives Conservation, preservation
and restoration of natural ecosystems and their
characteristic fauna particular gazelle dorcas,
gazelle dama, gazelle dunes and gazelle cuvier,
the oryx, the addax and the mouflon (Barbary
sheep). A network of protected areas with
sufficient representativeness of each large
natural habitat.
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Program of Antelopes Strategy

• Development and expansion of the protected areas.
  
• Restoration of natural and potential habitats.
• Restoration, repopulation and reintroduction of
  the concerned species.
• Awareness, information and involvement of local
  communities in the management of protected areas
  and natural resources.
• Applied Research related to the evolution and
  management of the natural environment and
  follow-up of fauna and flora.
• Capacity-building and training of responsible of
  protected areas.
• Creation and development an attraction for
  ecotourism oriented to protected areas.
• Contribution to the development of socio-economic
  resources for local populations.
• Enhance international cooperation.
• A detailed plan of action, by area, is prepared.
  
• Currently, the implementation of this program is
  more important in the south of the country.

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IMPLEMENTATION OF STRATEGIE AND PROGRAM
1. Implementation of the developments and
management actions. 2. Reintroduction /
Translocation of wild fauna. 3. Elaboration of
Development and Management Plan ( PAG ). 4. The
Community Development Plans (PDC). 5. Eco -
Museums Design. 6. The Geographical Information
System of Tunisian Protected Areas (GIS). 7.
List of wild fauna and flora rare and threatened
with extinction
.
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Development actions in Protected Areas

• The development actions in protected areas have
  focused on the following components
• - Basic Infrastructure.
• - Circuits of visit, towers, signs, - Closure
  (establishment and rehabilitation).
• - Elaboration of management plan and Community
  Development Plan (PDC).
• - Conservation of soil and water , management of
  water sources.
• - Rehabilitation of wildlife habitats.
• - Planting and regeneration of local species.
• - Conservation and restoration of ecosystems.
• - Construction and equipment of museums.
• - Introduction and translocation of fauna.
• - Development of the local population and
  creation of local small organization
• - Promotion of ecotourism.
• - Research, scientific monitoring, studies and
  training.
• - Monitoring and guarding.

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Reintroduction / Translocation
Since 1985, Forest department in Tunisia proceed
to reintroduce many species of Gazelles Oryx,
Addax, gazelle dorcas, gazelle dama, gazelle
cuvier, Barbary sheep and Barbary deer. To
continue this successful activity an operation of
translocation between Tunisian protected area is
realized every years. In June 2008 - Ostriches
with red neck, known as the appellation of North
Africa Ostriches , have been reintroduced in
three national parks Orbata, Daghmous and
Jebil.
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TUNISIAN GAZELLES  
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Development and Management Plan ( PAG )
The container of Development and Management Plan
varies from the protected areas to another one.
For example Introduction, Objectives 1.
Presentation of the current situation 2. Human
Activities 3. Summary of the problems
at the level of the National Park
at the level of the peripheral
zone 4. Vision of development 5. Programs of
planning and management 6. Establishment of a
sustainable activities 7. Strategy for
development of ecotourism 8. Program of Work
(Plan of operations) 9. Budget 10.
Monitoring-evaluation 11. Schedule of
Implementation Annexes - Inventories fauna and
flora - Maps (zoning, vegetation, fodder,
socio-economic, eco tourismm
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The Community Development
Plans (PDC)Phases and stages for the preparation
and Implementation of PDC
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• Eco - Museums Design (1)
• The concept of exposure and equipment in
  eco-museum is to achieve the following steps
• - To identify the building reserved to the fact
  or design on the basis of an architectural model
  taking into account the specifics of the region
  and the national park.
• - Design the scientific program of the
  exhibition.
• - To fix the objectives of the eco museum and
  determine the communication strategy.
• - Reap the scientific data relating to the
  exposure studies, information, maps,
  photographs, illustrations, etc.
• Be, locate and find the objects and elements
  which could be part of the collection to display.
  

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• Eco - Museums Design (2)
• - To Design the different stations setting in
  scene and design volumetric and chart.
• - Design of interactive games and training
  materials.
• - Implement the technical TOR and details of
  equipment.
• - Prepare the technical specifications relating
  to the execution of different works of planning
  and equipment
• - Execution of the work by use of several trades
  and suppliers.
• In Tunisia, currently several NP and NR have an
  eco museum.

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List of wild fauna and flora rare and threatened
with extinction
In 2006, by order of the Minister of Agriculture
and Water Resources of 19 July 2006, the list of
wild fauna and flora rare and threatened with
extinction is published. It includes 76 animal
species and 54 plant species.
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The Geographical Information System of Tunisian
Protected Areas (GIS)
In 2008, The General Directorate of forests
start the project for implementation and put in
place a Geographical Information system of
Protected Areas . This system is designed and
based on new technologies like the geographic
information, the GIS, the management systems of
relational databases, managers electronic
documents, numeric cartography, internet, ...
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Thank YOU