SOCIAL WORK in EUROPE

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SOCIAL WORK in EUROPE
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Welfare State

• The modern welfare state is a European invention
  - in the same way as the nation state, mass
  democracy, and industrial capitalism. It was born
  as an answer to problems created by capitalist
  industrialization it was driven by the
  democratic class struggle and it followed in the
  footsteps of the nation state (Flora 1986XII)

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Welfare actors

• Conceptual triangle

Law and regulations
state
Provision of welfare
Business and economic activity
Mediating structures
market
civil society
Effects if one of the actors plays first fiddle?
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Welfare mix

• Theory of social policy different scenarios of
  providing care en care services
• 2. National welfare regimes, with different
  state traditions and different approaches to
  citizenship
• 3. The combinations of - a defined political
  believe and culture with
• - a defined social policy and
• - a defined economical situation gives welfare
  regime

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Welfare Regimes

• Social democrat - emphasis on state
  responsibility
• -gt Scandinavian
• -gt Communist Russia and former East European
  countries
• 2. Liberal emphasis on the market
• -gt Residual Anglo-American
• 3. Conservative emphasis on the community
• -gt Corporatist Middle European
• -gt Rudimentary South European
• How is Social Work seen in each of the regimes?

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Welfare Regimes

• The Middle European Model
• Social integration an opportunity for human
  development produced by a solidaristic civil
  society (corporations, communities) supported
  subsidiary by the state
• Social market Economy

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Welfare Regimes

• The Middle European Model
• ?? Social Work
• helping people to organize different kinds of
  self-help in their living world (Lebenswelt) in
  order to provide a setting for social integration
  and human growth based on the idea of
  civilization (Bildung)
• An expression of a solidaristic caring civil
  society

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Welfare Regimes

• The Anglo-American Model
• Managing and solving problems of the poorest of
  the poor and very needy people in accordance with
  the principle of individual self determination
• Open Capitalism

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Welfare Regimes

• The Anglo-American Model
• ?? Social Work
• helping people to solve their every day problems
  by therapies, guidance and counselling
• Entity of various problem-solving methods and
  techniques of guidance and counselling connected
  to the principles of human rights

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Welfare Regimes

• The Nordic Model
• Social security for all people provided by the
  State through comprehensive systems of national
  insurance and welfare services
• State Capitalism/ Market Socialism

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Welfare Regimes

• The Nordic Model
• ?? Social Work
• helping people to use the complex system of
  benefits and services according to their rights
  and needs
• An instrument of social policy in terms of
  promoting welfare equality and social security
• How is a social worker named in each of the
  regimes ?

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Late-Modern Social Work

• Globalization free movement of capital,
  information and political activities in an inter-
  and supranational context without recognizing
  national borders
• Effects on Social Life?
• Consequences on Social Work?

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Late-Modern Social Work

• Consequences on Social Life and social work
• Importance of National welfare regimes have
  decreased
• Understanding and constructions of the clients
  context and situation also from a global
  perspective and not only from a national,
  regional or local perspective
• New problems - Global problems
• International market of social care services
• SW defined in terms of economy and business
• Increase if economical, political and daily life
  insecurity all over the industrialised countries
• Peoples daily life as well as such social
  problems as poverty, criminality and domestic
  violence are increasingly influenced by the
  complexity of the society.

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Late-Modern Social Work

• Consequences on Social Work Practice
• Decrease of National welfare regimes
• Globalisation neo-liberal economic policy
• Free competition is the best and most effective
  way to organise economic life and social life
• SW will achieve maximum efficacy and the best
  quality through competition

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Late-Modern Social Work

• Consequences on Social Work Activities
• Managerialism as an expression of Late-Modern
  Social Work Ideology
• Work style project oriented, requiring
  information technology, networking skills and
  ability
• Emphasis on technical issue at the cost of moral
  issues

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Late-Modern Society

• Europeanisation
• European Union unification of Europe without
  war, based on economical co-operation from 6 to
  12 to 25 member states 3 candidates (BG, RO ,
  TR)
• Principles
• stable and democratic government
• institutions providing respect for the
  constitution and for the Human rights
• Instruments
• - European legislation
• - economic co-operation
• - co-operation in all fields derived from economy

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Late-Modern Society

• Europeanisation
• 2. Council of Europe co-operation within a
  European context, based on a common cultural
  heritage common political
• Principles Democracy Human Rights
• 46 member states, TR is included
• Instruments Recommendations consultation,
  deliberation

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Late-Modern Society in a Global World Scenario

• Mundialisation
• Globalisation free movement of capital,
  information and political activities in an inter-
  and supranational context without recognizing
  national borders
• Effects and consequences on Social Life and
  Social Work Practice?

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Late-Modern Social Work in the Global World
Scenario

• Consequences on Social Work
• Decrease of National welfare regimes
• Globalisation neo-liberal economic policy
• Free competition is the best and most effective
  way to organise economic life and social life
• SW will achieve maximum efficiency and the best
  quality through competition

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Consequences on Social Life and social work
practice

• Impacts on understandings and constructions of
  the clients context and situation also from a
  global perspective and not only from a national,
  regional or local perspective
• New problems - Global problems
• International market of social care services
• SW defined in terms of economy and business
• Increase of economical, political and daily life
  insecurity all over the industrialised countries
• Peoples daily life as well as such social
  problems as poverty, criminality and domestic
  violence are increasingly influenced by the
  complexity of the society.

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Consequences on Social Work Activities

• Managerialism as an expression of Late-Modern
  Social Work Ideology
• Economic an managerial issues play more and more
  fundamental roles in habitus of SW
• Work style project oriented, requiring
  information technology, networking skills and
  ability
• Emphasis on technical issues at the cost of
  moral issues
• Economic interest and rationality prevails on
  warm, direct contacts
• SW is an economic good and can be managed and
  sold

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Late-Modern Welfare regimes

• Conclusion there seems to be one winner. The
  Anglo-American model seems to swallow the other
  traditions

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Sources 1 Reverda, N., (2004), Regionalisering
en mondialisering, Een cultuur-sociologische
analyse van het regionale perspectief in een
Europese context, Eburon Delft 2 Hamalainen, J.,
Social Care Services and Social Work in
transition, in Locating Occupational Space for
Social Work International Perspectives, British
Association of Social Workers, 2003, Venture
Press 3 Esping-Anderson,G. (Ed) 1996 Welfare
States in Transition. Sage. 4 LORENZ, W. (1994),
Social Work in a changing Europe, Routledge,
London, ISBN 0-415-07808-3 5 Campanini Annamaria,
Frost Elizabeth ,( 2004) European Social Work,
Commonalities and Differences, Carocci, Roma, 6
Agten, J, (1998) The European Dimension of Social
Work in Tempus Report SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION IN
EUROPE, THREE YEARS of TEMPUS CO-OPERATION 1995 -
1998 7 Agten, J., (2004) Social Work in Europe,
Speech on the occasion of the Social Work
Conference in Turkey 4-6 November 2004
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